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Clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes of brain stem gliomas in Saudi population

World journal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第5期5卷 1060-1067页

作者： Yasser Bayoumi abdulrahman j sabbagh Reham Mohamed Usama M El Shokhaiby Ahmed Marzouk Maklad Mutahir A Tunio Ali Abdullah O Balbaid Consultant Radiation Oncology Comprehensive Cancer Center King Fahad Medical City Riyadh-59046 Saudi Arabia Radiation Oncology NCI Cairo University Cairo 11435 Egypt Neurosurgery King Fahad Medical City Riyadh-59046 Saudi Arabia Radiation Oncology NCI Cairo University Cairo 11435 Egypt Clinical Oncology Sohag University Sohag 11432 Egypt Radiation Oncology Comprehensive Cancer Center King Fahad Medical City Riyadh-59046 Saudi Arabia

AIM: To analyze experiences to identify treatment outcomes and prognostic factors in a Saudi ***: Medical records of patients with brainstem gliomas treated from july 2001 to December 2012 were reviewed to identify treatment outcomes of surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy and associated prognostic factors in a Saudi ***: We analyzed 49 brain stem glioma(BSG) patients from july 2001 to December 2012; 31 of them were males(63.3%) with a median age of 12.6 years(range: 8-64 mo). Twenty-two patients(44.9%) had diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas(DIPG) and 15(30.6%) presented with focal/tectal BSG. Histopathology was available in 30 patients(61.2%). Median survival time for the whole cohort was 1.5 years. One and two year OS rates were 51.1% and 41.9% respectively. Two year OS rates for focal/tectal, dorsally exophytic, cervicomedullary and DIPG tumors were 60%, 33.3%, 33.3% and 13.6% respectively(P 18 years) P = 0.01, KPS < 70 P = 0.02, duration of symptoms(< 60 d) P = 0.002, histology(better for favorable) P = 0.002, surgery(maximal resection) P = 0.002, and concurrent chemotherapy with radiation therapy in DIPG(better if given) P = ***: BSG, especially the DIPG subgroup, had a dismal prognosis, needing more aggressive neurosurgical, radiation and chemotherapy techniques, while focal and tectal tumors were found to have a better prognosis.

关键词： Brain stem glioma Children Adults Saudi Arabia Treatment outcomes

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The interplay mechanism between IDH mutation, MGMT-promoter methylation, and PRMT5 activity in the progression of grade 4 astrocytoma: unraveling the complex triad theory

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Oncology Research 2024年第6期32卷 1037-1045页

作者： MAHER KURDI ALAA ALKHOTANI abdulrahman sabbagh EYAD FAIZO AHMED I.LARY AHMED K.BAMAGA MAjID ALMANSOURI BADR HAFIZ THAMER ALSHARIF SALEH BAEESA Department of Pathology Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityRabighSaudi Arabia Department of Pathology College of MedicineUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia Section of Neurosurgery Department of SurgeryKing Abdulaziz Medical CityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Clinical Biochemistry Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Neurosciences King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Surgery King Abdulaziz Specialist HospitalTaifSaudi Arabia

Background:The dysregulation of Isocitrate dehydrogenase(IDH)and the subsequent production of 2-Hydroxyglutrate(2HG)may alter the expression of epigenetic proteins in Grade 4 *** interplay mechanism between IDH,O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT)-promoter methylation,and protein methyltransferase proteins-5(PRMT5)activity,with tumor progression has never been ***:A retrospective cohort of 34 patients with G4 astrocytoma is classified into IDH-mutant and IDH-wildtype *** groups were tested for MGMT-promoter methylation and PRMT5 through methylation-specific and gene expression PCR ***-cohort statistical significance was ***:Both IDH-mutant WHO grade 4 astrocytomas(n=22,64.7%)and IDH-wildtype glioblastomas(n=12,35.3%)had upregulated PRMT5 gene expression except in one *** of the 22 IDH-mutant tumors,10(45.5%)tumors showed MGMT-promoter methylation and 12(54.5%)tumors had unmethylated *** IDH-wildtype tumors had unmethylated *** was a statistically significant relationship between MGMT-promoter methylation and IDH in G4 astrocytoma(p-value=0.006).Statistically significant differences in progression-free survival(PFS)were also observed among all G4 astrocytomas that expressed PRMT5 and received either temozolomide(TMZ)or TMZ plus other chemotherapies,regardless of their IDH or MGMT-methylation status(p-value=0.0014).Specifically,IDH-mutant tumors that had upregulated PRMT5 activity and MGMT-promoter methylation,who received only TMZ,have exhibited longer ***:The relationship between PRMT5,MGMT-promoter,and IDH is not ***,accumulation of D2-hydroxyglutarate(2-HG),which partially activates 2-OG-dependent deoxygenase,may not affect their *** IDH-wildtype glioblastomas,the 2HG-2OG pathway is typically inactive,leading to PRMT5 *** alone,compared to TMZ-plus,can increase PFS in upregulated PRMT5 ***,using a PRMT5 inhibitor in G4

关键词： Grade 4 astrocytoma Glioblastoma Isocitrate dehydrogenase(IDH) O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT) Protein methyltransferase proteins-5(PRMT5) Progression-free survival(PFS)

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Flow Regimes in Bubble Columns with and without Internals: A Review

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第2期20卷 239-256页

作者： Ayat N.Mahmood Amer A.abdulrahman Laith S.Sabri Abbas j.Sultan Hasan Shakir Majdi Muthanna H.Al-Dahhan Department of Chemical Engineering University of Technology-IraqBaghdadIraq Chemical and Petroleum Industries Engineering Department Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylonIraq Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaUSA

Hydrodynamics characterization in terms ofﬂow regime behavior is a crucial task to enhance the design of bubble column reactors and scaling up related *** review presents recent studies on the typicalﬂow regimes established in bubble *** effort is also provided to introduce relevant deﬁnitions pertaining to thisﬁeld,namely,that of“void fraction”and related(local,chordal,cross-sectional and volumetric)*** studies involving different parameters that affect design and operating conditions are also discussed in *** the second part of the review,the attention is shifted to cases with internals of various types(perfo-rated plates,bafﬂes,vibrating helical springs,mixers,and heat exchanger tubes)immersed in the bubble *** is shown that the presence of these elements has a limited inﬂuence on the global column ***,they can make the homogeneousﬂow regime more stable in terms of transition gas velocity and transi-tion holdup *** last section is used to highlight gaps which have not beenﬁlled yet and future directions of investigation.

关键词： Hydrodynamics ﬂow regime bubble column heat-exchanging internals

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Perceptions of emergency medicine residents on the quality of residency training in the United States and Saudi Arabia

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World journal of Emergency Medicine 2018年第1期9卷 5-12页

作者： Ahmad Aalam Mark Zocchi Khalid Alyami Abdullah Shalabi Abdullah Bakhsh Asaad Alsufyani abdulrahman sabbagh Mohammed Alshahrani jesse M.Pines Department of Emergency Medicine King Abdulaziz University Department of Emergency Medicine The George Washington University Center for Healthcare Innovation and Policy Research The George Washington University Department of Pediatrics University of Dammam Department of Emergency Medicine King Abdulaziz Medical City National Guard Hospital Department of Emergency Medicine University of Toledo Department of Emergency Medicine King Fahad Medical City

BACKGROUND: We compare educational environments(i.e. physical, emotional and intellectual experiences) of emergency medicine(EM) residents training in the United States of America(USA) and Saudi Arabia(SA).METHODS: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted using an adapted version of the validated Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure(PHEEM) survey instrument from April 2015 through june 2016 to compare educational environments in all emergency medicine residency programs in SA and three selected programs in the USA with a history of training Saudi physicians. Overall scores were compared across programs, and for subscales(autonomy, teaching, and social Support), using chi-squared, t-tests, and analysis of ***: A total of 219 surveys were returned for 260 residents across six programs(3 SA, 3 USA), with a response rate of 84%. Program-specific response rates varied from 79%–100%. All six residencies were qualitatively rated as "more positive than negative but room for improvement". Quantitative PHEEM scores for the USA programs were significantly higher: 118.7 compared to 109.9 for SA, P=0.001. In subscales, perceptions of social support were not different between the two countries(P=0.243); however, role autonomy(P<0.001) and teaching(P=0.005) were better in USA programs. There were no significant differences by post-graduate training ***: EM residents in all three emergency medicine residency programs in SA and the three USA programs studied perceive their training as high quality in general, but with room for improvements. USA residency programs scored higher in overall quality. This was driven by more favorable perceptions of role autonomy and teaching. Understanding how residents perceive their programs may help drive targeted quality improvement efforts.

关键词： Emergency medicine residents Residency training United States of America Saudi Arabia

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Design and experimental validation of looped-tube thermoacoustic engine

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journal of Thermal Science 2011年第5期20卷 423-429页

作者： abdulrahman S. Abduljalil Zhibin Yu Artur j. jaworski University of Manchester School of MACE Sackville Street Manchester M13 9PL UK University of Leicester Department of Engineering University Road Leicester LE1 7RH UK

The aim of this paper is to present the design and experimental validation process for a thermoacoustic looped-tube engine. The design procedure consists of numerical modelling of the system using DELTA EC tool, Design Environment for Low-amplitude ThermoAcousfic Energy Conversion, in particular the effects of mean pressure and regenerator configuration on the pressure amplitude and acoustic power generated. This is followed by the construction of a practical engine system equipped with a ceramic regenerator - a substrate used in auto- motive catalytic converters with fine square channels. The preliminary testing results are obtained and compared with the simulations in *** measurement results agree very well on the qualitative level and are reasonably close in the quantitative sense.

关键词： Thermoacoustic engine looped tube modelling simulation

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Duration of Preoperative External Ventricular Drain in Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumors—Does It Matter?

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Open journal of Pediatrics 2017年第2期7卷 86-97页

作者： Ehtesham Ghani Ayman AlBanyan abdulrahman sabbagh Maqsood Ahmad Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery National Neuroscience Institute King Fahad Medical City Riyadh KSA

Objective: Aim of the study was to assess the duration of preoperative external ventricular drain (EVD) as a predictor for permanent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion in pediatric posterior fossa tumors. Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from january 2010 to December 2013. The data were collected retrospectively. The patients who had emergency insertion of external ventricular drain (EVD) due to hydrocephalus before the definitive posterior fossa tumor surgery were included in the study. Results: The preoperative emergency insertion of EVD was done in 38 patients with pediatric posterior fossa tumors. The patients were divided into two groups. Group A consists of those patients who had duration of preoperative EVD equal or less than 7 days. Group B includes those patients who had duration of preoperative EVD more than 7 days. Group A has 16 patients while Group B has 22 patients. The predominant clinical feature was symptoms and signs of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) only. Infection related to EVD was seen in seven patients. Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt was required in 31.25% of Group A patients and 18.18% of Group B patients (p value = 0.35). Overall shunt rate was 23.68%. Conclusion: There are well known number of factors that can determine the need of permanent CSF diversion in patients with posterior fossa tumors. However, there is no effect of preoperative duration of EVD in determining the requirement of postoperative VP shunt.

关键词： Posterior Fossa Tumors External Ventricular Drain Hydrocephalus Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt CSF Diversion

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Residual feed intake divergence during the preweaning period is associated with unique hindgut microbiome and metabolome profiles in neonatal Holstein heifer calves

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 453-467页

作者： Ahmed Elolimy abdulrahman Alharthi Mohamed Zeineldin Claudia Parys juan j.Loor Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics Department of Animal SciencesUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA Department of Animal Production National Research CentreDokkiGizaEgypt Carl R.Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of IllinoisUrbanaIllinoisUSA Department of Animal Medicine College of Veterinary MedicineBenha UniversityBenhaEgypt Evonik Nutrition&Care GmbH Hanau-WolfgangGermany Division of Nutritional Sciences Illinois Informatics InstituteUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA

Background:Recent studies underscored that divergence in residual feed intake(RFI)in mature beef and dairy cattle is associated with changes in ruminal microbiome and metabolome profiles which may contribute,at least in part,to better feed *** the rumen in neonatal calves during the preweaning period is underdeveloped until close to weaning,they rely on hindgut microbial fermentation to breakdown undigested diet *** leads to production of key metabolites such as volatile fatty acids(VFA),amino acids,and vitamins that could potentially be absorbed in the hind-gut and help drive growth and *** RFI divergence in neonatal calves is associated with changes in hindgut microbial communities and metabolites is largely ***,the objective of the current study was to determine differences in hindgut microbiome and metabolome in neonatal Holstein heifer calves retrospectively-grouped based on feed efficiency as mostefficient(M-eff)or least-efficient(L-eff)calves using RFI divergence during the preweaning ***:Twenty-six Holstein heifer calves received 3.8 L of first-milking colostrum from their respective dams within 6 h after *** were housed in individual outdoor hutches bedded with straw,fed twice daily with a milk replacer,and had ad libitum access to a starter grain mix from birth to weaning at 42 d of *** were classified into M-eff[n=13;RFI coefficient=−5.72±0.94 kg DMI(milk replacer+starter grain)/d]and L-eff[n=13;RFI coefficient=5.61±0.94 kg DMI(milk replacer+starter grain)/d]based on a linear regression model including the combined starter grain mix and milk replacer DMI,average daily gain(ADG),and metabolic body weight(MBW).A deep sterile rectal swab exposed only to the rectum was collected immediately at birth before colostrum feeding(i.e.,d 0),and fecal samples at d 14,28,and 42(prior to weaning)for microbiome and untargeted metabolome analyses using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC-MS.M

关键词： Feed efficiency Gut Metabolomics Microbiota Neonates Newborn Preweaning RFI

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Expression of fatty acid sensing G-protein coupled receptors in peripartal Holstein cows

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 660-669页

作者： Alea Agrawal abdulrahman Alharthi Mario Vailati-Riboni Zheng Zhou juan j.Loor Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of illinois1207 West Gregory DriveUrbanaIL 61801USA

Background： G-protein coupled receptors（GPCR）, also referred as Free Fatty Acid Receptors（FFAR）, are widely studied within human medicine as drug targets for metabolic disorders. To combat metabolic disorders prevalent in dairy cows during the transition period, which co-occur with negative energy balance and changes to lipid and glucose metabolism, it may be helpful to identify locations and roles of FFAR and other members of the GPCR family in bovine ***： Quantitative RT-PCR（qPCR） of subcutaneous adipose, liver, and PMNL samples during the transition period（-10, ＋7, and ＋20 or ＋30 d） were used for expression profiling of medium-（MCFA） and long-chain fatty acid（LCFA）receptors GPR120 and GPR40, MCFA receptor GPR84, and niacin receptor HCAR2/3. Adipose samples were obtained from cows with either high（HI; BCS ≥ 3.75） or low（LO; BCS ≤ 3.25） body condition score（BCS） to examine whether FFAR expression is correlated with this indicator of health and body reserves. Supplementation of rumen-protected methionine（MET）, which may improve immune function and production postpartum, was also compared with unsupplemented control（CON） cows for liver and blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes（PMNL） samples. In adipose tissue, GPR84 and GPR120 were differentially expressed over time, while GPR40 was not expressed; in PMNL, GPR40 was differentially expressed over time and between MET vs. CON, GPR84 expression differed only between dietary groups, and GPR120 was not expressed; in liver, GPCR were either not expressed or barely ***： The data indicate that there is likely not a direct role in liver for the selected GPCR during the transition period, but they do play variable roles in adipose and PMN. In future, these receptors may prove useful targets and/or markers for peripartal metabolism and immunity.

关键词： Inflammation Methionine Neutrophils Transition cow

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Liver transplantation in patients with incidental hepatocellular carcinoma/cholangiocarcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma： a single-center experience

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第3期16卷 264-270页

作者： Mohammed Elshamy Naftali Presser abdulrahman Y Hammad Daniel j Firl Christopher Coppa john Fung Federico N Aucejo Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA Imaging Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA

BACKGROUND： Reports of fiver transplantation （LT） in patients with mixed hepatocellular carcinoma/cholangiocarcinoma （HCC/CC） and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ICC） are modest and have been mostly retrospective after pathological categorization in the setting of presumed HCC. Some studies suggest that patients undergoing LT with small and unifocal ICC or mixed HCC/CC can achieve about 40%-60% 5-year post-transplant survival. The study aimed to report our experience in patients undergoing LT with explant pathology revealing HCC/CC and ICC. METHODS： From a prospectively maintained database, we performed cohort analysis. We identified 13 patients who underwent LT with explant pathology revealing HCC/CC or ICC. RESULTS： The observed recurrence rate post-LT was 31% （4/13） and overall survival was 85%, 51%, and 51% at 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively. Disease-free survival was 68%, 51%, and 41% at 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively. In our cohort, four patients would have qualified for exception points based on updated HCC Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network imaging guidelines. CONCLUSIONS： Lesions which lack complete imaging characteristics of HCC may warrant pre-LT biopsy to fully elucidate their pathology. Identified patients with early HCC/CC or ICC may benefit from LT if unresectable. Additionally, incorporating adjunctive perioperative therapies such as in the case of patients undergoing LT with hilar cholangiocarcinoma may improve outcomes but this warrants further investigation.

关键词： mixed hepatocellular carcinoma/ cholangiocarcinoma liver transplantation survival outcomes

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Multifaceted role of one-carbon metabolism on immunometabolic control and growth during pregnancy, lactation and the neonatal period in dairy cattle

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第1期12卷 82-109页

作者： Danielle N.Coleman abdulrahman S.Alharthi Yusheng Liang Matheus Gomes Lopes Vincenzo Lopreiato Mario Vailati-Riboni juan j.Loor Department of Animal Sciences Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA .2Department of Animal Production College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia .3Department of Animal Sciences Food and NutritionFaculty of AgricultureFood and Environmental ScienceUniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore29122 PiacenzaItaly.

Dairy cattle undergo dramatic metabolic, endocrine, physiologic and immune changes during the peripartal period largely due to combined increases in energy requirements for fetal growth and development, milk production, and decreased dry matter intake. The negative nutrient balance that develops results in body fat mobilization,subsequently leading to triacylglycerol(TAG) accumulation in the liver along with reductions in liver function,immune dysfunction and a state of inflammation and oxidative stress. Mobilization of muscle and gluconeogenesis are also enhanced, while intake of vitamins and minerals is decreased, contributing to metabolic and immune dysfunction and oxidative stress. Enhancing post-ruminal supply of methyl donors is one approach that may improve immunometabolism and production synergistically in peripartal cows. At the cellular level, methyl donors(e.g. methionine, choline, betaine and folic acid) interact through one-carbon metabolism to modulate metabolism,immune responses and epigenetic events. By modulating those pathways, methyl donors may help increase the export of very low-density lipoproteins to reduce liver TAG and contribute to antioxidant synthesis to alleviate oxidative stress. Thus, altering one-carbon metabolism through methyl donor supplementation is a viable option to modulate immunometabolism during the peripartal period. This review explores available data on the regulation of one-carbon metabolism pathways in dairy cows in the context of enzyme regulation, cellular sensors and signaling mechanisms that might respond to increased dietary supply of specific methyl donors. Effects of methyl donors beyond the one-carbon metabolism pathways, including production performance, immune cell function,mechanistic target or rapamycin signaling, and fatty acid oxidation will also be highlighted. Furthermore, the effects of body condition and feeding system(total mixed ration vs. pasture) on one-carbon metabolism pathways are explored. Poten

关键词： Epigenetics Immune system Metabolism Methyl donor Transition period

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