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Health Services Utilization and Health Status of Insured versus Uninsured Nigerian Children with Sickle Cell Disease

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Health 2016年第10期8卷 971-977页

作者： Auwal Sani Salihu abdullahi shehu Umar Department of Psychiatry Bayero University Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Bayero University Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano Nigeria

Introduction: Nigeria accounts for 150,000 infants born with the Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) every year. Children with SCD are affected by the deleterious effect of user fees which reduces affordability and utilization of health services. Evidences supported that institutionalized health insurance increases intensity of utilization. Methodology: The study was conducted at AKTH, Kano, and north-western, Nigeria. The study was retrospective comparative cross-sectional study. 100 patients were enrolled, 50 for each arm. Paediatric SCD clinic outpatients’ records and a specialty designed form containing the variables of interest were used. Data were analysed using Minitab 16. Proportions, percentages, tables, charts and chi squared test were used to compare the two groups. Result: The study found no association between the two groups in the likelihood of being insured based on age (χ2 = 1.478), gender (χ2 = 0.224) and dwellings (χ2 = 0.062). On health services utilization and insurance status, the study revealed that follow up clinic visits, unscheduled clinic visits and emergency room visits were more likely among the insured group compared to the uninsured group. While the health status and insurance status of the two groups over 12 months period showed a significant association with the insured more likely to have improved health status compared to uninsured (χ2 = 28.019, p = 0.0001). Similarly, health status and health services utilization were significantly associated with insurance status (χ2 = 12.191, p = 0.002). Conclusion: The insurance status of children with SCD is associated with their health services utilization and health status. However, age, gender and dwellings were not associated with insurance status of children with SCD. Therefore, when expanding insurance coverage (NHIS) among children with SCD considerations have to be given to increase health services utilization and resultant improvement in hea

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease Nigeria Health Service Utilization Health Status Health Insurance

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Some Full Blood Count Parameters among Hypertensive Patients Attending Specialist Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2019年第4期9卷 77-91页

作者： Osaro Erhabor abdullahi shehu Tosan Erhabor Teddy Charles Adias Ikechukwu Polycarp Iwueke Department of Haematology School of Medical Laboratory Science Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto Sokoto Nigeria Medical Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria Abuja Nigeria Federal University Otuoke Otuoke Nigeria Pathology Department Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital Sokoto Nigeria

Hypertension (HTN) is a major health problem worldwide. It can lead to cardiovascular disease and functional disturbances including haematological parameters. Full blood count (FBC) parameters of a total of 60 consecutively-recruited hypertensive subjects and 30 age-matched non-hypertensive controls were studied between June and September, 2018. Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid (EDTA) anticoagulated blood and serum from subjects and control participants were analyzed for FBC. The total white cell count (WBC), packed cell volume (PCV) haemoglobin (Hb), neutrophils and eosinophils were significantly lower among hypertensive subjects compared to non-hypertensive controls (p 40-year-old compared to those <40 years of age (p = 0.02 and 0.01) respectively. The RBC count was significantly higher among female compared to male hypertensives (p = 0.05). The haemoglobin and monocyte count were significantly higher among male compared to female hypertensives (p = 0.02 and 0.04) respectively. The monocyte count was significantly higher among hypertensive subjects of Hausa ethnic group compared to Fulani (t = 2.79, p < 0.01). The findings from this study indicates that the WBC, PCV, Hb, neutrophils and eosinophils were significantly lower among hypertensive subjects compared to non-hypertensive controls. Stage of the disease, age, gender and ethnicity had a significant effect on the FBC parameters of the hypertensive patients. There is need to step up public enlightenment programme to educate hypertensive patients on the need for attending clinic regularly for effective follow up. It is recommended that facilities for the routine monitoring of FBC parameters among hypertensive in the area be provided.

关键词： Full Blood Count Hypertension Specialist Hospital Sokoto Nigeria

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Food contamination as a pathway for lead exposure in children during the 2010–2013 lead poisoning epidemic in Zamfara,Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第5期30卷 260-272页

作者： Simba Tirima Casey Bartrem Ian von Lindern Margrit von Braun Douglas Lind shehu Mohamed Anka Aishat abdullahi TerraGraphics International Foundation MoscowID 83843USA University of Idaho Environmental Science ProgramMoscowID 83843USA Zamfara Environmental Sanitation Agency Zamfara StateNigeria

In 2010, an estimated 400 to 500 children died of acute lead poisoning associated with artisanal gold mining in Zamfara, Nigeria. Processing of gold ores containing up to 10% lead within residential compounds put residents, especially children, at the highest risk. Principal routes of exposure were incidental ingestion and inhalation of contaminated soil and dusts. Several Nigerian and international health organizations collaborated to reduce lead exposures through environmental remediation and medical treatment. The contribution of contaminated food to total lead exposure was assessed during the environmental health response. Objectives of this investigation were to assess the influence of cultural/dietary habits on lead exposure pathways and estimate the contribution of contaminated food to children＇s blood lead levels（BLLs）. A survey of village dietary practices and staple food lead content was conducted to determine dietary composition, caloric intakes, and lead intake. Potential blood lead increments were estimated using bio-kinetic modeling techniques. Most dietary lead exposure was associated with contamination of staple cereal grains and legumes during post-harvest processing and preparation in contaminated homes. Average post-harvest and processed cereal grain lead levels were 0.32 mg/kg and 0.85 mg/kg dry weight, respectively. Age-specific food lead intake ranged from 7 to 78 μg/day. Lead ingestion and absorption were likely aggravated by the dusty environment, fasting between meals, and nutritional deficiencies. Contamination of staple cereal grains by highly bioavailable pulverized ores could account for as much as 11%–34% of children＇s BLLs during the epidemic, and were a continuing source after residential soil remediation until stored grain inventories were exhausted.

关键词： Artisanal mining Environmental health Lead poisoning Nigerian environmentalcontamination Dietary exposures Para-occupational exposuresChildren's health

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SINGLE PROJECTION ALGORITHM FOR VARIATIONAL INEQUALITIES IN BANACH SPACES WITH APPLICATION TO CONTACT PROBLEM

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2020年第4期40卷 1045-1063页

作者： Yekini shehu Department of Mathematics Zhejiang Norrmal UniversityJinhua 321004China

We study the single projection algorithm of Tseng for solving a variational inequality problem in a 2-uniformly convex Banach *** underline cost function of the variational inequality is assumed to be monotone and Lipschitz continuous.A weak convergence result is obtained under reasonable assumptions on the variable *** also give the strong convergence result for when the underline cost function is strongly monotone and Lipchitz *** this strong convergence case,the proposed method does not require prior knowledge of the modulus of strong monotonicity and the Lipschitz constant of the cost function as input parameters,rather,the variable step-sizes are diminishing and *** asymptotic estimate of the convergence rate for the strong convergence case is also *** completeness,we give another strong convergence result using the idea of Halpern iteration when the cost function is monotone and Lipschitz continuous and the variable step-sizes are bounded by the inverse of the Lipschitz constant of the cost ***,we give an example of a contact problem where our proposed method can be applied.

关键词： variational inequality 2-uniformly convex Banach space Tseng’s algorithm strong convergence rate of convergence

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CONVERGENCE ANALYSIS FOR SYSTEM OF EQUILIBRIUM PROBLEMS AND LEFT BREGMAN STRONGLY RELATIVELY NONEXPANSIVE MAPPING

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2014年第4期34卷 1081-1097页

作者： Yekini shehu Department of Mathematics University of NigeriaNsukkaNigeria

In this paper, we prove strong convergence theorems for approximation of a fixed point of a left Bregman strongly relatively nonexpansive mapping which is also a solution to a finite system of equilibrium problems in the framework of reflexive real Banach spaces. We also discuss the approximation of a common fixed point of a family of left Bregman strongly nonexpansive mappings which is also solution to a finite system of equilibrium problems in reflexive real Banach spaces. Our results complement many known recent results in the literature.

关键词： left Bregman strongly relatively nonexpansive mapping left Bregman projection equilibrium problem Banach spaces

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Prevalence and risk factors associated with malaria infection among pregnant women in a semi-urban community of north-western Nigeria

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 193-197页

作者： Sani abdullahi Fana Mohammed Danladi Abubakar Bunza Sule Aliyu Anka Asiya Umar Imam shehu Usman Nataala Author details 1 Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory ScienceUsmanuDanfodiyo UniversitySokotoNigeria Department of Biological Sciences UsmanuDanfodiyo UniversitySokotoNigeria

Background:Malaria during pregnancy remains a serious public health problem,with substantial risks for the mother,her foetus and the *** aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of malaria and possible risk factors for malaria infection among pregnant women in a semi-urban area in north-western *** women are among the most susceptible to malaria *** of their malaria infection status is an important yardstick to measure the effectiveness of any malaria control ***:We conducted a cross sectional study in the semi-urban area of Argungu,Kebbi State *** hundred and fifty five pregnant women were included in the study after informed verbal consent was *** each participant,the socio-demographic profile,stage of pregnancy and attitude to the use of insecticide-treated nets(ITNs)were investigated using a *** blood samples were collected and thick blood smears were prepared and stained with Giemsa stains to check for malaria *** associations between age,education level and use of ITNs with occurrence of malaria infection during pregnancy were analysed using the chi-square ***:One hundred and six(41.6%)out of 255 pregnant women were infected with malaria parasites,with a mean parasite density of 800 parasitesμl−*** was found that prevalence and parasite density decreased as age *** chi-square test indicated that a lack of education and non-usage of ITNs were significantly associated with malaria ***:Malaria is still a major public health issue among pregnant women mainly due to illiteracy and non-compliance to using *** awareness about malaria preventive measures and early attendance of antenatal care services will help to reduce malaria and,consequently,its associated morbidities and mortalities.

关键词： Malaria Pregnant women Mean parasite density Prevalence Risk factors Giemsa stain Argungu

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APPROXIMATION OF FIXED POINTS AND VARIATIONAL SOLUTIONS FOR PSEUDO-CONTRACTIVE MAPPINGS IN BANACH SPACES

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2014年第2期34卷 409-423页

作者： Yekini shehu Department of Mathematics University of Nigeria

Let K be a nonempty, closed and convex subset of a real reflexive Banach space E which has a uniformly Gateaux differentiable norm. Assume that every nonempty closed con- vex and bounded subset of K has the fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings. Strong convergence theorems for approximation of a fixed point of Lipschitz pseudo-contractive map- pings which is also a unique solution to variational inequality problem involving φ-strongly pseudo-contractive mappings are proved. The results presented in this article can be applied to the study of fixed points of nonexpansive mappings, variational inequality problems, con- vex optimization problems, and split feasibility problems. Our result extends many recent important results.

关键词： Pseudo-contractive mappings reflexive Banach spaces uniformly Gateaux differentiable norm variational inequality

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Recent Development in Maize Research at Institute for Agricultural Research, Samaru, Nigeria

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Journal of Life Sciences 2010年第7期4卷 53-57页

作者： shehu Garki Ado Inuwa shehu Usman Ubale Sabongaru abdullahi Institute for Agricultural Research Samaru Ahmadu Bello University PMB 1044 Zaria Nigeria

Maize research at Institute for Agricultural Research, Samaru, Nigeria resulted in sustained growth in yields in the last two decades. Maize is grown throughout the country with guinea savanna as the most important maize growing zone. In the last five years, four new open pollinating varieties developed in collaboration with the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture （IITA, Ibadan） had been released for production. Hybrid varieties are also marketed by seed companies. The research was focused on variety improvement, improved management practices, integrated pests and disease control, soil fertility management, on-farm testing of improved production packages and socio-economics of production as well as adoption studies. The recently released quality protein maize has improved the nutritional status of vulnerable groups. Drought tolerant maize for Africa research project has contributed to sustainable maize production, poverty reduction and food security in the continent.

关键词： Development in maize research new open pollinating varieties quality protein maize.

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STRONGLY CONVERGENT INERTIAL FORWARD-BACKWARD-FORWARD ALGORITHM WITHOUT ON-LINE RULE FOR VARIATIONAL INEQUALITIES

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第2期44卷 551-566页

作者：姚永红 Abubakar ADAMU Yekini shehu School of Mathematical Sciences Tiangong UniversityTianjin300387China Center for Advanced Information Technology Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul02447South Korea Operational Research Center in Healthcare Near East UniversityTRNC Mersion 10Nicosia99138Turkey Charles Chidume Mathematics Institute African University of Science and TechnologyAbuja900107Nigeria School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China

This paper studies a strongly convergent inertial forward-backward-forward algorithm for the variational inequality problem in Hilbert *** our convergence analysis,we do not assume the on-line rule of the inertial parameters and the iterates,which have been assumed by several authors whenever a strongly convergent algorithm with an inertial extrapolation step is proposed for a variational inequality ***,our proof arguments are different from what is obtainable in the relevant ***,we give numerical tests to confirm the theoretical analysis and show that our proposed algorithm is superior to related ones in the literature.

关键词： forward-backward-forward algorithm inertial extrapolation variational inequality on-line rule

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On Fractional Differential Inclusion for an EpidemicModel via L-Fuzzy Fixed Point Results

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第11期137卷 1937-1956页

作者： Maha Noorwali Mohammed shehu Shagari Department of Mathematics King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Faculty of Physical SciencesAhmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria

The real world is filled with uncertainty,vagueness,and *** concepts we meet in everyday life are vague rather than *** real-world situations,if a model requires that conclusions drawn from it have some bearings on reality,then two major problems immediately arise,*** situations are not usually crisp and deterministic;complete descriptions of real systems often require more comprehensive data than human beings could recognize simultaneously,process and *** mathematical tools which require all inferences to be exact,are not always efficient to handle imprecisions in a wide variety of practical *** the latter development,a lot of attention has been paid to examining novel L-fuzzy analogues of conventional functional equations and their various *** this paper,new coincidence point results for single-valued mappings and an L-fuzzy set-valued map in metric spaces are *** novelty and generality,the obtained invariant point notions are compared with some well-known related concepts via non-trivial *** is observed that our principal results subsume and refine some important ones in the corresponding *** an application,one of our results is utilized to discussmore general existence conditions for realizing the solutions of a non-integer order inclusion model for COVID-19.

关键词： Hausdorff metric L-fuzzy set L-fuzzy set-valued map Caputo fractional differential inclusion COVID-19

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