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The role of morphology on the electrochemical CO_(2) reduction performance of transition metal-based ca.alysts

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第10期85卷 198-219,I0007页

作者： Umar Mustapha Chidera C.Nnadiekwe Maria Abdulkarim alhaboudal Umar Yunusa Abdulhakam Shafiu Abdullahi Ismail Abdulazeez Ijaz Hussain Saheed A.Ganiyu abdulaziz a.al-saadi Khalid alhooshani Department of Chemistry King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Refining&Advanced Chemicals King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia

The continued increase in population and the industrial revolution have led to an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) concentration. Consequently, developing and implementing effective solutions to reduce CO_(2) emissions is a global priority. The electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) is strongly believed to be a promising alternative to fossil fuel-based technologies for the production of value-added chemicals. So far, the implementation of CO_(2)RR is hindered by associated electrochemical reactions, such as low selectivity, hydrogen evolution reaction(HER), and additional overpotential induced in some cases. As a result, it is necessary to conduct a timely evaluation of the state-of-the-art strategies in CO_(2)RR, with a focus on the engineering of the electroca.alytic systems. Ca.alyst morphology is one factor that plays a critical role in overcoming these drawbacks and significantly contributes to enhancing product selectivity and Faradaic efficiency(FE). This review article summarizes the recent advances in the rational design of electroca.alysts with various morphologies and the influence of these morphologies on CO_(2)RR. To compare literature findings in a meaningful way, the article focuses on results reported under a well-defined period and considers the first three rows of the d-block metal ca.alysts. The discussion typically covers the design of nanostructured ca.alysts and the molecular-level understanding of morphology-performance relationship in terms of activity, selectivity, and stability during CO_(2) electrolysis. Among others, it would be convenient to recommend a comprehensive discussion on the morphologies of single metals and heterostructures, with a detailed emphasis on their impact on CO_(2) conversion.

关键词： CO_(2)electroreduction Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2) Morphology Ca.alysts d-block metals ca.alysts Faradaic efficiency Selectivity

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Spectroscopic Evaluation of the Molecular Structures of di-μ-Chlorobis(1,5-Cyclooctadiene) Iridium (I) and Rhodium (I) Complexes

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2015年第2期3卷 140-144页

作者： Saheed A. Popoola abdulaziz A. al-saadi Chemistry Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran KSA

Vibrational and H-NMR spectroscopic studies on di-μ-chlorobis(1,5-cyclooctadiene) of iridium(I) and rhodium (I) complexes have been carried out. In addition, the two D2h and D2 structures for both complexes have been fully optimized. It was expected from the single-molecule vapor-phase density functional theory (DFT) calculation that the D2 structure is more stable by 5 - 6 kcal/mol. While spectroscopic a.alysis study confirms that in the solid phase, the two complexes retain the higher D2h symmetry. The vibrational wavenumbers of certain modes associated to free 1,5-cyc- looctadiene were observed to be shifted to lower values upon coordination with rhodium or iridium metals. It was also found theoretically that the metal-olefin interaction is slightly more pronounced for iridium metal.

关键词： 1 5-Cyclooctadiene DFT Calculations Iridium and Rhodium Binuclear Complexes Infrared and Raman Spectra

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"To-and-fro" waveform in the diagnosis of arterial pseudoaneurysms

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World Journal of Radiology 2015年第5期7卷 89-99页

作者： Mustafa Z Mahmoud Mohammed al-saadi Abdulwahab Abuderman Khalid S alzimami Mohammed alkhorayef Babikir almagli Abdelmoneim Sulieman Radiology and Medical Imaging Department College of Applied Medical SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Basic Medical Sciences Department College of Medical Radiological SciencesSudan University of Science and Technology Basic Medical Sciences Department College of MedicinePrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Radiological Sciences Department College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud University Diagnostic Radiology Department Faculty of Radiology and Nuclear Medicinethe National Ribat University

Medical ultrasound imaging with Doppler plays an essential role in the diagnosis of vascular disease. This study intended to review the clinical use of "to-and-fro" waveform at duplex Doppler ultrasonography(DDU) in the diagnosis of pseudoaneurysms in the arterial vessels of upper and lower extremities, abdominal aorta, carotid and vertebral arteries as well as to review our personal experiences of "to-and-fro" waveform at DDU also. After receiving institutional review board approval, an inclusive literature review was carried out in order to review the scientific foundation of "toand-fro" waveform at DDU and its clinical use in the diagnosis of pseudoaneurysms in various arterial vessels. Articles published in the English language between 2000 and 2013 were evaluated in this review study. Pseudoaneurysms in arterial vessels of the upper and lower extremities, abdominal aorta, carotid and vertebral arteries characterized by an extraluminal pattern of blood flow, which shows variable echogenicity, interval complexity, and "to-and-fro" flow pattern on color Doppler ultrasonography. In these arterial vessels, Duplex ultrasonography can demonstrate the degree of clotting, pseudoaneurysm communication, the blood flow patterns and velocities. Spectral Doppler applied to pseudoaneurysms lumen revealed systolic and diastolic turbulent blood flow with traditional "toand-fro" waveform in the communicating channel. Accurate diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm by spectral Doppler is based on the documentation of the "to-andfro" waveform. The size of pseudoaneurysm determines the appropriate treatment approach as surgical or conservative.

关键词： Pseudoaneurysm To-and-fro waveform Ultrasonography Percutaneous thrombin injection YinYang sign

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