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Cassava Gr.undnut Inter.r.pping: A Sustainable Land Management Pr.ctice for.Incr.asing Cr.p Pr.ductivity and Or.anic Car.on Stock on Smallholder.Far.s

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Agr.cultur.l Sciences 2023年第1期14卷 73-87页

作者： Keiwoma M. Yila Mohamed S. Lebbie abdul r. conteh Mohamed S. Kamar. Lamin I. Kamar. Mathew L. S. Gboku Njala Agr.cultur.l r.sear.h Centr. Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute Freetown Sierra Leone Depar.ment of Food Secur.ty and Livelihood Action against Hunger Sierra Leone Mission Freetown Sierra Leone Faculty of Agr.cultur.l and Natur.l r.sour.es Management Ernest Bai Koroma University of Science and Technology Makeni Campus Makeni Sierra Leone Headquar.er. Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute Freetown Sierra Leone

Cassava-gr.undnut inter.r.pping is not a common pr.ctice among smallholder.far.er. in Sier.a Leone even though both cr.ps ar. well suited for.inter.r.pping. On-far. tr.als wer. conducted in thr.e locations (Bai Lar.or. Bassah, and Njala Kanima) in the Moyamba distr.ct dur.ng the 2021 cr.pping season to investigate the efficacy of cassava-gr.undnut inter.r.pping for.incr.asing cr.p pr.ductivity and soil or.anic car.on stock on smallholder.far.s in the Moyamba distr.ct, Souther. Sier.a Leone. The exper.mental design was a r.ndomized complete block design in thr.e r.plications with tr.atments of sole gr.undnut, sole cassava and cassava-gr.undnut inter.r.pping. Data on the yield and yield components of cassava and gr.undnut wer. analysed using the Pr.C MIXED pr.cedur. of SAS 9.4 and means wer. compar.d using the standar. er.or.of differ.nce (SED). The above-gr.und biomass, number.of r.ots per.plant, and fr.sh r.ot yield of cassava wer. not significantly (p > 0.05) affected by the cassava-based cr.pping system. Aver.ged acr.ss locations, inter.r.pping cassava with gr.undnut decr.ased the above-gr.und biomass, the number.of r.ots per.plant, and fr.sh r.ot yield of cassava by 17%, 11%, and 17%, r.spectively. The above-gr.und biomass, number.of pods per.plant and fr.sh pod yield of gr.undnut wer. significantly (p 1), the highest net r.venue and benefit-cost r.tio. The benefit-cost r.tio was also favour.ble for.the sole cassava (BCr.> 1) but not favour.ble for.the sole gr.undnut (BCr.r.ged acr.ss locations, inter.r.pping cassava with gr.undnut incr.ased the benefit-cost r.tio by 121% and 13% when compar.d to the sole gr.undnut and sole cassava. In the event of a 40% yield loss for.the cassava and gr.undnut, the benefit-cost r.tio was favour.ble (1.12) only for.the cassava gr.undnut inter.r.pping system. The net soil or.anic car.on stock was favour.ble only for.the cassava-gr.undnut inter.r.p. Aver.ged acr.ss locations, the net soil or.anic car.on for.the cassava-gr.

关键词： Benefit-Cost r.tio Cassava-Gr.undnut Inter.r.pping Land Equivalent r.tio Soil Or.anic Car.on Sustainable Land Management

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Impact of five annual r.unds of mass dr.g administr.tion with iver.ectin on onchocer.iasis in Sier.a Leone

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Infectious Diseases of Pover.y 2018年第1期7卷 314-325页

作者： Joseph B.Kor.ma Santigie Sesay abdul conteh Benjamin Koudou Jusufu Paye Mohamed Bah Mustapha Sonnie Mar. H.Hodges Yaobi Zhang Moses J.Bockar.e Family Health Inter.ational(FHI)360 Ghana Country OfficeAccraGhana National Neglected Tr.pical Disease Contr.l Pr.gr.mme Ministry of Health and SanitationFreetownSierra Leone Centr. for.Neglected Tr.pical Diseases Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK Helen Keller.Inter.ational FreetownSierra Leone Helen Keller.Inter.ational Regional Office for AfricaDakarSenegal Eur.pean&Developing Countr.es Clinical Tr.als Par.ner.hip(EDCTP) Medical Research CouncilCape TownSouth Africa

Backgr.und:Onchocer.iasis is endemic in 12 of the 14 health distr.cts of Sier.a *** tr.atment cover.ge of community-dir.cted tr.atment with iver.ectin was achieved between 2005 and 2009 after.the 11-year.civil *** site sur.eys wer. conducted in 2010 to evaluate the impact of five annual r.unds of iver.ectin ***:In total,39 sentinel villages fr.m hyper.and meso-endemic ar.as acr.ss the 12 endemic distr.cts wer. sur.eyed using skin snips in *** wer. analyzed and compar.d with the baseline data fr.m the same 39 ***:The aver.ge micr.filar.der.ia(MF)pr.valence acr.ss 39 sentinel villages was 53.10%at *** MF pr.valence was higher.in older.age gr.ups,with the lowest in the age gr.up of 1-9 year.(11.00%)and the highest in the age gr.up of 40-49 year.(82.31%).Over.ll mean MF density among the positives was 28.87 micr.filar.ae(mf)/snip,incr.asing with age with the lowest in the age gr.up of 1-9 year. and the highest in the age gr.up of 40-49 *** had higher.MF pr.valence and density than *** 2010 after.five r.unds of mass dr.g administr.tion,the over.ll MF pr.valence decr.ased by 60.26%fr.m 53.10%to 21.10%;the over.ll mean MF density among the positives decr.ased by 71.29%fr.m 28.87 mf/snip to 8.29 mf/snip;and the over.ll mean MF density among all per.ons examined decr.ased by 88.58%fr.m 15.33 mf/snip to 1.75 mf/*** of 12 endemic distr.cts had>50%r.duction in MF *** of 12 distr.cts had≥50%r.duction in mean MF density among the ***:A significant r.duction of onchocer.iasis MF pr.valence and mean density was r.cor.ed in all 12 distr.cts of Sier.a Leone after.five annual MDAs with effective tr.atment *** r.sults suggested that the onchocer.iasis elimination pr.gr.mme in Sier.a Leone was on cour.e to r.ach the objective of eliminating onchocer.iasis in the countr. by the year.*** MDA with iver.ectin should continue in all 12 distr.cts and fur.he

关键词： Onchocer.iasis Onchocer.a volvulus Mass dr.g administr.tion Community-dir.cted tr.atment with iver.ectin Community-dir.cted dr.g distr.butor Skin snip Onchocer.iasis-endemic Post-conflict Disease elimination r.pid diagnostic test

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