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Numerical evaluation of new Austrian tunneling method excavation sequences: A case study

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第3期30卷 381-386页

作者： Hafeezur Rehman abdul muntaqim naji Wahid Ali Muhammad Junaid Rini Asnida abdullah Han-kyu Yoo Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hanyang UniversityAnsan 15588South Korea Department of Mining Engineering Faculty of EngineeringBUITEMSQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Geological Engineering Faculty of EngineeringBUITEMSQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Geotechnics and Transportation Faculty of Civil EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 Johor BahruJohorMalaysia

The main aspects that require attention in tunnel design in terms of safety and economy are the precise estimation of probable ground conditions and ground behavior during construction. The variation in rock mass behavior due to tunnel excavation sequence plays an important role during the construction *** purpose of this research is to numerically evaluate the effect of excavation sequence on the ground behavior for the Lowari tunnel project, Pakistan. For the tunnel stability, the ground behavior observed during the actual partial face excavation sequence is compared with the top heading and bench excavation sequence. For this purpose, the intact rock parameters are used along with the characterization of rock mass joints related parameters to provide input for numerical modelling via FLAC 2D. The in-situ stresses for the numerical modelling are obtained using empirical equations. From the comparison of the two excavation sequences, it was observed that the actual excavation sequence used for Lowari tunnel construction utilized more support than the top heading and bench method. However, the actual excavation sequence provided good results in terms of stability.

关键词： Conventional excavation Excavation sequence Numerical modelling High in-situ stresses Jointed rock mass

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Indication of Bacteria in Water Marshes （Southern Iraq）

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2013年第6期2卷 353-358页

作者： Wathiq Abaas Hatit Reyam naji Ajmi Abdal-Kader Saeed Latif abdul-Jabbar Jasim Jryan Department of Environmental Science Baghdad University Baghdad 496 Iraq Department of Environmental Science AL-Mustansaryah University Baghdad 496 Iraq Medical City Hospital in Baghdad Iraqi Ministry of Health Baghdad 496 Iraq

The study was conducted in water marshes for five major marshes during the months of January, April and September of each region （Hawizeh, Hammer and the central marsh） in southern Iraq. Bacteriological analysis that some of the default pathological bacteria, including TC （Total bacterial count）, FCB （faecal coliform bacteria）, MPN （coliform bacteria） and FS （faecal streptococcus） can evidence to indicate of pollution. The results showed that most of the water samples examined pathological contain bacteria which indicates that the water is unfit for human consumption and the waters as basal （more hydrogen than No. 7）. There was a high salinity more than the permissible limits for human consumption and even to irrigate crops, and the same case for dissolve oxygen which exceeded are other limits as drinking water.

关键词： Water contamination physical properties bacteria Iraqi marshland.

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Obese Nulliparous Women and the Risk for Maternal and Fetal Complications

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第5期4卷 239-242页

作者： Hussein Attia Sharara Laman naji abdul Rhaman Firdous Ummunnisa Naseera Aboubaker Maisa Mohammed abdullah Nissar Shaikh Department of OBGY/NAH Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU) Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar

Obesity is becoming a global health care problem and an increasing number of obese female patients are getting pregnant. Aim of our study was to know the prevalence of obesity in nulliparous women and its impact on pregnancy as well as fetus. Patients and Methods: All nulliparous women with single pregnancy and gestational age of 37 weeks and above were included in the study. Primigradvida with multiple pregnancies, fetal abnormalities, and gestational age less than 37 weeks were excluded. Patients were divided into normal, overweight and obese group according to their prepragnancy body mass index (BMI). Results: Total 2243 nulliparous women were included in the study, majority (56.8%) of patients were in the normal BMI group and only 24.8% were obese. But a significantly higher number of obese nulliparous women were in the age group of 18 to 29 years (P < 0.05). Comorbidities were significantly higher in obese primigravida. The incidence of gestational diabetes and pregnancy induced hypertension was significantly higher (P 0.05) in obese nulliparous women. Overweight and obese nulliparous patients required significantly higher emergency caesarean section and assisted vaginal deliveries compared to the normal BMI nulliparous women (P < 0.03). Conclusion: Maternal obesity leads to prepartum, peripartum as well as fetal complication. Obese pregnant patients had a significant risk of developing gestational diabetes and pregnancy induced hypertension. In these patients the prevalence of assisted vaginal and cesarean deliveries is significantly high.

关键词： Overweight Obese Nulliparous Gestational Diabetes Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Assisted Vaginal and Cesarean Deliveries

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