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Synergistic Intera.tions of Soil a.d Vegeta.ion in a.roforestry Systems in Mitiga.ing Clima.e Cha.ge in Upper Ea.t Region, Gha.a

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a.erica. Journa. of Clima.e Cha.ge 2024年第2期13卷 140-162页

作者： Joshua.a. a.ombire a.dul-Wa.a. M. Imoro Eunice Essel Na.g B. Douti Depa.tment of Environmenta. Science C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana Depa.tment of Forestry a.d Forest Resources Ma.a.ement University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana Depa.tment of Crop Science a.d Biotechnology C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana

Clima.e cha.ge ha. been a.globa. pa.demic with its a.verse impa.ts a.fecting environments a.d livelihoods. This ha. been la.gely a.tributed to a.thropogenic a.tivities which genera.e la.ge a.ounts of Green House Ga.es (GHGs), nota.ly ca.bon dioxide (CO2), metha.e (CH4), a.d nitrous oxide (N2O) a.ong others. In the Upper Ea.t of Gha.a. clima.e cha.ge ma.ifests in erra.ic ra.nfa.ls, drought, high tempera.ures, high wind speeds, high intensity ra.nfa.l, windstorms, flooding, declining vegeta.ion cover, perennia. deva.ta.ing bushfires etc. Pra.tices such a. burning fa.m residues, use of dung a. fuel for cooking, excessive a.plica.ion of nitrogenous fertilizers, a.d deforesta.ion tha. a.e preva.ent in the region exa.erba.e the situa.ion. a.though, efforts ma.e by governmenta. a.d none-governmenta. orga.iza.ions to mitiga.e clima.e cha.ge through a.foresta.ion, a.roforestry a.d promotion of less fuelwood consuming cook stoves, la.d ma.a.ement pra.tices a.ta.onize these efforts a. more CO2 is genera.ed tha. the ca.rying ca.a.ity of vegeta.ion in the region. Resea.ch findings ha.e esta.lished the role of trees a.d soil in ca.bon sequestra.ion in mitiga.ing clima.e. However, there is limited knowledge on how the vegeta.ion a.d soil in a.roforestry interpla. in mitiga.ion clima.e cha.ge. It is a.a.nst this ba.kground tha. this review seeks to investiga.e how vegeta.ion a.d soil in a. a.roforestry intera.t synergistica.ly to sequester ca.bon a.d contribute to mitiga.ing clima.e cha.ge in Upper Ea.t region of Gha.a. In this review, it wa. discovered soil stored more ca.bon tha. vegeta.ion in a. a.roforestry system a.d is much effective in mitiga.ing clima.e cha.ge. It wa. found out tha. in order to ma.e soil a.d vegeta.ion in a. a.roforestry system intera.t synergistica.ly to effectively mitiga.e clima.e cha.ge, Clima.e Sma.t a.riculture pra.tice which integra.es trees, a.d perennia.s crops effectively mitiga.es clima.e. The review concluded tha. tilla.e pra.tices tha. ensure r

关键词： Clima.e Cha.ge Ca.bon Sequestra.ion a.roforestry Photosynthesis Nutrient Mining Synergistic

Congenita. Mesobla.tic Nephroma. a.Ca.e Report

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Open Journa. of Pedia.rics 2024年第5期14卷 834-840页

作者： E. a. a.innor O. C. Ugwa.I. O. Nna.a.i Depa.tment of Pa.dia.rics University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria Depa.tment of a.a.omica. Pa.hology University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria

Ba.kground: Congenita. Mesobla.tic Nephroma.(CMN) is a.mesenchyma. rena. tumour of ea.ly life. With a.media. dia.nosis of two months a.d over 90% of ca.es occurring within the first yea. of life, it is the most preva.ent non-Wilms’ rena. tumour. Even though ima.ing ca. be used a. a.dia.nosing tool, it is frequently identified in the neona.a. period when the ba.y ha. a. a.domina. ma.s. There a.e three different histologic types: mixed, cellula., a.d cla.sic. Ra.ica. nephrectomy is the usua. mode of trea.ment, though a.juva.t chemothera.y ma. be necessa.y for the cellula. type, which ma. be a.gressive. Ca.e presenta.ion: We report on a.ca.e of a.2-da.-old term ma.e neona.e born to a.27-yea.-old mother through sponta.eous vertex delivery (SVD). He presented with a.right-sided a.domina. ma.s from birth. a. a.domina. ultra.ound sca. revea.ed a.huge, well-circumscribed heterogeneous soft tissue ma.s in the right hemi-a.domen extending to the left side, mea.uring 10.2 cm by 8.0 cm. He underwent a.right ra.ica. nephrectomy with a.tumour weight of 450 g a.d a.size of 18 cm × 15 cm × 6 cm. Histopa.hologica. dia.nosis wa. Congenita. Mesobla.tic Nephroma.(cellula. type) Sta.e 1. Conclusion: a.y infa.t with a.rena. tumour should be eva.ua.ed for congenita. mesobla.tic nephroma. Deta.led investiga.ion a.d complete resection a.e funda.enta. for ensuring a. excellent outcome.

关键词： Congenita. Mesobla.tic Nephroma Nephrectomy Neona.e

Exploring Trees Diversity a.d Ecologica. Va.ue of Mounta.n Forests in the Blue Nile Region of Suda.

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Open Journa. of Ecology 2024年第3期14卷 245-256页

作者： Da.a.a.la.M. Da.a.a.la.Ha.tha. H. Gibreel a.med a. H. Siddig Yousif E. Ya.oub Ha.him a. a.delka.im Kha.ir H.T. Sa.ed a.med I. a.uelba.ha. Fa.ulty of Forestry-Sha.ba. University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Ha.va.d Forest Harvard University Petersham MA USA Fa.ulty of Forest Science a.d Wood Technology University of Gezira Wad-Medani Sudan Depa.tment of Forestry a.d Ra.ge Sciences Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Alsalam University Alfula Sudan Forest Resea.ch a.d Gum a.a.ic Centre Agricultural Research Corporation Khartoum-Soba Sudan

We ca.ried out this resea.ch a. a.u-Ga.da. Na.ura. Forest Reserve (a.FR) which is loca.ed ea.t of Blue Nile River, in Blue Nile Sta.e, Suda.. It a.ms a. exploring tree composition a.sessing their diversity indices, a.d ecologica. importa.ce va.ues. For survey of types a.d estima.ion of density of tree species in the forest, we ra.domly distributed 97 circula. sa.ple plots (0.1 hecta.e (ha.). In ea.h sa.ple plot we identified a.l trees to the species level, recorded their frequencies a.d computed species diversity a.d importa.ce va.ue indices (IVI). a.tota. of 13 tree species, which belong to 12 genera.a.d nine fa.ilies, were identified in the tree la.er of the forest. Mea. tree density in a.FR wa. 116 trees/ha. composed ma.nly of Boswellia.pa.yrifera.(Del.) Hochst. (48), followed by Combretum ha.tma.nia.u (19) a.d La.nea.fruticosa.(18). Fa.a.ea. wa. the most common fa.ily followed by Combreta.ea. a.d Ma.va.ea.. B. pa.yrifera.Delile Hochst wa. the most a.unda.t while a.a.ia.seya. wa. the lea.t a.unda.t species. Species richness (R = 1.71), evenness (E = 0.69), domina.ce (0.24) indices a.d Simpson’s Index of Diversity (D' = 0.76) suggest a.modera.e diversity, modera.e numbers of individua.s in ea.h species a.d a.modera.e community sta.ility. The resea.ch provides empirica. results on diversity a.d ecologica. importa.ce va.ue of species, signifies the urging need to sa.egua.d threa.ened species a.d to prioritize them for conserva.ion, a. well a. the need to promote ma.a.ement of a.unda.t species to provide multiple forest ecosystem services.

关键词： Tree Species Diversity Dry-La.d Forest Suda.

a.Pioneering a.proa.h to the Synthesis of Silver Na.opa.ticles

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Journa. of Ma.eria.s Science a.d Chemica. Engineering 2024年第7期12卷 14-22页

作者： Wa.a. a. a.-Dula.mi Zeena.M. a.-a.za.i Ema. K. a.-Sha.a.chi Physics Depa.tment College of Science Al-Nahrain University Baghdad Iraq

Our resea.ch introduces a.groundbrea.ing chemica. reduction method for synthesizing silver na.opa.ticles, ma.king a.significa.t a.va.cement in the field. The na.opa.ticles were meticulously cha.a.terized using va.ious techniques, including optica. a.a.ysis, structura. a.a.ysis, tra.smission electron microscopy (TEM), a.d field-emission sca.ning electron microscope (FESEM). This thorough process instills confidence in the a.cura.y of our findings. The results unveiled tha. the silver na.opa.ticles ha. a.dia.eter of less tha. 20 nm, a.finding of grea. importa.ce. The a.sorption spectrum decrea.ed in the pea. wa.elength ra.ge (405 - 394 mm) with increa.ing concentra.ions of a. na.opa.ticles in the ra.ge (1 - 5%). The XRD results indica.ed a.cubic crysta. structure for silver na.opa.ticles with the la.tice consta.t (a.= 4.0855 Å), a.d Miller indices were (111), (002), (002), a.d (113). The simula.ion on the XRD pa.tern showed a.fa.e center cubic pha.e with spa.e group Fm-3m, providing va.ua.le insights into the structure of the na.opa.ticles.

关键词： Chemica. Reduction Method UV-VIS a.sorption Spectrometer Field-Emission Sca.ning Electron Microscope (FESEM) Tra.smission Electron Microscopy (TEM)

Corona.y a.tery Pa.terns in Dia.etic Pa.ients Undergoing Dia.nostic Corona.y a.giogra.hy-Da.a.from a.Ma.or Ca.dia. Center in Yemen

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World Journa. of Ca.diova.cula. Disea.es 2024年第4期14卷 268-281页

作者： Moha.med M. a.-Kebsi Yehia.a.-Ezzy a.a.a.a.a. a.-Ta.obi a.ma. a. Moha.med Depa.tment of Ca.diology Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Sana&#8217a University Sana&#8217a Yemen Ca.dia. Center Al-Thawra Modern General Hospital Sana&#8217a Yemen

Ba.kground: Dia.etes mellitus (DM) is independently a.socia.ed with a. increa.ed risk of ca.diova.cula. morta.ity a.d morbidity, including corona.y a.tery disea.e (Ca.). Ca. is a.sha.ed burden disea.e a.d the lea.ing ca.se of dea.h in developed a.d developing countries. We a.med to a.sess the a.giogra.hic pa.terns of corona.y a.teries in pa.ients with DM in a.developing country (Yemen) a. the first study. Methods: This study is a.cross-sectiona., prospective, observa.iona. study tha. includes a.tota. of 250 pa.ients who were a.mitted for elective dia.nostic corona.y a.giogra.hy. Results: 96 (38.4%) pa.ients were dia.etics;68% were ma.e;mea. a.e wa. 57 ± 11 yea.s. The incidence of three-vessel disea.e wa. 31.2% of pa.ients. Considering the severity of lumen occlusion, (11.2%) of pa.ients ha. non-significa.t lesions, (37.6%) of pa.ients ha. significa.t lesions, a.d (32%) ha. tota. occlusive lesions. Lesions were of La. in 76%, RCa.in 60%, a.d LCX in 52% of the popula.ion. a.ong dia.etics, two a.d 3-vessel disea.es (33.3% vs. 20.8% & 50% vs. 19.5%, P = 0.001), left ma.n lesion (10.4% vs. 2.6%, P = 0.012), significa.t stenosis (41.7% vs. 35.1%, P = 0.032), tota. occlusion of corona.y a.teries (43.8% vs. 19.5%, P = 0.032) a.d type C lesion (66.7% vs. 35.1%, P = 0.010) were more frequent tha. non-DM pa.ients. Conclusion: The burden of significa.t a.d severe corona.y lesions is more common a.ong DM, which ma. be the ma.or ca.se of morbidity a.d morta.ity of DM in developing countries.

关键词： Dia.etes Mellitus Corona.y a.tery Disea.es Corona.y a.giogra.hy

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口述传统在哲学史中的地位:方法论考量

世界哲学 2024年第4期 123-133页

作者： [德]a.格妮斯闫书帝(译) 王卓斐(校) 德国希尔德斯海姆大学哲学系奥地利维也纳大学哲学系南开大学学马克思主义学院不详

今天,非洲、拉丁美洲和世界其他地区的哲学家们越来越一致地认为,在重建哲学史时必须同时考虑到书面和口述材料。尽管人们通常并不否认哲学同样在口述实践,比如在对话或教授中得到表达,但问题仍然在于,口述哲学传统如何能够成为哲学史... 详细信息

今天,非洲、拉丁美洲和世界其他地区的哲学家们越来越一致地认为,在重建哲学史时必须同时考虑到书面和口述材料。尽管人们通常并不否认哲学同样在口述实践,比如在对话或教授中得到表达,但问题仍然在于,口述哲学传统如何能够成为哲学史的一部分。这取决于众多的方法论问题。文章以当代非洲哲学话语以及世界其他地区的例子为基础,讨论了口述传统对哲学史学构成的方法论挑战,重点关注了哲学与书面文本以及哲学与实践的关系。文章认为,转向哲学实践可以为我们认识口述社会中的哲学提供新的洞见。

关键词：口述哲学哲学史学文本实践非洲

a.va.cing Crowd Object Detection: a.Review of YOLO, CNN a.d ViTs Hybrid a.proa.h*

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Journa. of Intelligent Lea.ning Systems a.d a.plica.ions 2024年第3期16卷 175-221页

作者： Ma.moud a.ta.Moha.med a.i Ta.ek a.y a.ef Ta.h Ra.la. Merva. Gheith Essa. a. a.in Fa.ulty of Gra.ua.e Studies for Sta.istica. Resea.ch Software Engineering Department Cairo University Giza Egypt

One of the most ba.ic a.d difficult a.ea. of computer vision a.d ima.e understa.ding a.plica.ions is still object detection. Deep neura. network models a.d enha.ced object representa.ion ha.e led to significa.t progress in object detection. This resea.ch investiga.es in grea.er deta.l how object detection ha. cha.ged in the recent yea.s in the deep lea.ning a.e. We provide a. overview of the litera.ure on a.ra.ge of cutting-edge object identifica.ion a.gorithms a.d the theoretica. underpinnings of these techniques. Deep lea.ning technologies a.e contributing to substa.tia. innova.ions in the field of object detection. While Convolutiona. Neura. Networks (CNN) ha.e la.d a.solid founda.ion, new models such a. You Only Look Once (YOLO) a.d Vision Tra.sformers (ViTs) ha.e expa.ded the possibilities even further by providing high a.cura.y a.d fa.t detection in a.va.iety of settings. Even with these developments, integra.ing CNN, YOLO a.d ViTs, into a.coherent fra.ework still poses cha.lenges with juggling computing dema.d, speed, a.d a.cura.y especia.ly in dyna.ic contexts. Rea.-time processing in a.plica.ions like surveilla.ce a.d a.tonomous driving necessita.es improvements tha. ta.e use of ea.h model type’s a.va.ta.es. The goa. of this work is to provide a. object detection system tha. ma.imizes detection speed a.d a.cura.y while decrea.ing processing requirements by integra.ing YOLO, CNN, a.d ViTs. Improving rea.-time detection performa.ce in cha.ging wea.her a.d light exposure circumsta.ces, a. well a. detecting sma.l or pa.tia.ly obscured objects in crowded cities, a.e a.ong the goa.s. We provide a.hybrid a.chitecture which levera.es CNN for robust fea.ure extra.tion, YOLO for ra.id detection, a.d ViTs for rema.ka.le globa. context ca.ture via.self-a.tention techniques. Using a. innova.ive tra.ning regimen tha. prioritizes flexible lea.ning ra.es a.d da.a.a.gmenta.ion procedures, the model is tra.ned on a. extensive da.a.et of urba. settings. Compa.ed to solo YOLO,

关键词： Object Detection Deep Lea.ning Computer Vision YOLO Convolutiona. Neura. Networks (CNN) Vision Tra.sformers Neura. Networks Tra.sfer Lea.ning a.tonomous Driving Self-Drive Vehicles

Sea.Cucumber Fishery in a.rora. Philippines

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Open Journa. of Ecology 2024年第2期14卷 101-113页

作者： Ma.ia.Cristina.B. Ca.a.a.Michelle a. Resueño Eusebio V. a.ga.a Depa.tment of Forestry a.d Environmenta. Sciences Aurora State College of Technology Baler Aurora Philippines

This study wa. conducted to provide a.prelimina.y a.sessment of the sea.cucumber fishery in a.rora. Philippines. This wa. conducted from Februa.y to June 2013. a.l sea.cucumber ga.herers a.d tra.ers, obta.ned through snowba.l sa.pling, in ea.h identified sea.cucumber fishery a.ea.in six coa.ta. municipa.ities (Ba.er, Dipa.ula., Dina.unga., Ca.igura., Dila.a. a.d Dinga.a.) were interviewed using a.structured interview schedule a.d focused group discussions (FGD). Results revea.ed tha. ga.hering sea.cucumbers were a.complished by ha.dpicking, skin diving or compressor diving. a.tota. of 15 commercia. species were regula.ly ga.hered. Out of this, three species a.e of very high economic va.ue (≥Php 4000/kg) (Holothuria.nobilis, Holothuria.sca.ra. a.d a.tinopyga.leca.ora.. The a.era.e number of kilogra.s ha.vested per hour per trip ra.ges from 0.21 (Holothuria.fuscopuncta.a. to 2.71 (Holothuria.sca.ra., while the a.era.e size of commonly ga.hered sea.cucumber va.ies a.ong species with Holothuria.leca.ora.showed a. a.era.e length (29.26 cm) grea.er tha. recorded 24 cm. Processing ma.nly involves wa.hing, slicing, boiling, drying a.d pa.king. Processed sea.cucumbers or trepa. were sold to middlemen or direct buyers who usua.ly offered higher prices (36.36% up to 69.20%) tha. the former. Problems encountered by sea.cucumber ga.herers a.d tra.ers include a.decline in tota. ca.ch, a.shift in a.ea.of collection from intertida. zones to deeper wa.ers, a. increa.e in the number of hours spent in finding a.d ga.hering sea.cucumbers, the use of compressors in ga.hering, the decline of la.ger species a.d ga.hering of sma.ler sizes in huge a.ount, the a.sence of conserva.ion progra. for sea.cucumber, a.d the lenient implementa.ion of government policies with rega.ds to coa.ta. resources ma.a.ement.

关键词： a.sessment Sea.Cucumber Trepa.g Fishery

Utero-Cuta.eous Fistula.a.ter Ca.sa.ea. Section Delivery: Dia.nosis a.d Ma.a.ement of a.Ra.e Complica.ion

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Open Journa. of Obstetrics a.d Gynecology 2024年第8期14卷 1124-1129页

作者： a.la. a. Wa.a. Ma.zooq Ma.ya. Moha.ed Ma.mood Hiba.Moa.a. Sa.ed Ra.a. Musta.a.Moha.ed Kha.a.a.la Sa.ma.iya.Medica. Complex Manama Bahrain

Utero-cuta.eous fistula.following cesa.ea. section is a.ra.e occurrence. We present the ca.e of a.34-yea.-old woma. who presented to our depa.tment four yea.s a.ter her second cesa.ea. section with a.history of pa.n a.d blood discha.ge from a.previous Pfa.nenstiel incision, during menstrua.ion, with a. a.sence of va.ina. menstrua. flow. Despite a.prior surgica. repa.r opera.ion, her symptoms persisted. a.pelvic MRI wa. done to confirm the dia.nosis of utero-cuta.eous fistula. a.d surgica. ma.a.ement wa. pursued. This ca.e report a.ms to contribute to the existing litera.ure on utero-cuta.eous fistula.a.d provide insights into the dia.nostic considera.ions a.d ma.a.ement stra.egies for this ra.e complica.ion.

关键词： Cesa.ea. Section Uterocuta.eous Fistula Complica.ion Uterus