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Rice science 2018年第5期25卷 293-300页

作者： Jae-Sung LEE matthias WISSUWA Oscar B. ZAmORA abdelbagi m. ismail College of Agriculture University of the PhilippinesLos BanosLaguna 4031the Philippines International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777Metro Manilathe Philippines Crop Livestock and Environment DivisionJapan International Research Centre for Agricultural ScienceIbaraki 305 8686Japan

Zinc （Zn） deficiency is a major soil constraint limiting rice crop growth and yield, yet the genetic control of tolerance mechanisms is still poorly understood. Here, we presented promising loci and candidate genes conferring tolerance to Zn deficiency and identified through association analysis using a 365 K single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） marker array in a diverse aus （semi-wild type rice） panel. Tolerant accessions exhibited higher growth rate with relatively rare stress symptoms. Two loci on chromosomes 7 and 9 were strongly associated with plant vigor under Zn deficiency at a peak-stress stage. Based on previous microarray data from the same experimental plots, we highlighted four candidate genes whose expressions were accompanied by significant genotype and/or environment effects under Zn deficiency. Network-gene ontology supported known tolerance mechanisms, such as ascorbic acid pathway, and also suggested the importance of photosynthesis genes to overcome Zn deficiency symptoms.

关键词： aus genome-wide association study Zinc deficiency rice

Responses of Contrasting Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes to Salt Stress as Affected by Nutrient Concentrations

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第2期10卷 195-206页

作者： ZHANG Zhen-hua LIU Qiang SONG Hai-xing RONG Xiang-min abdelbagi m ismail College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128P.R.China Crops and Environment Science Division International Rice Research InstituteMetro Manila DAPO Box 7777Philippines

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of applying different concentrations of the macronutrients K＋,Ca2＋,and mg2＋ on the responses of contrasting rice（Oryza sativa L.） genotypes under salt stress.A solution culture experiment was conducted in a phytotron at the International Rice Research Institute（IRRI）,under controlled temperature and humidity and natural *** subjected to salt stress of 100 mmol L-1 using NaCl,the salt tolerant genotypes FL478 and IR651,accumulated less Na＋ and maintained lower ratios of Na＋/K＋,Na＋/Ca2＋,and Na＋/mg2＋ than the sensitive genotypes IR29 and *** tolerant genotypes also had higher concentrations of K＋ in their shoots and greater root and shoot biomass and green leaf *** genotypes also maintained much lower concentration of Na＋ and lower and more favorable ratios of Na＋/K＋,Na＋/Ca2＋,and Na＋/mg2＋ in their active and developing *** tolerance and shoot and root growth of both tolerant and sensitive genotypes were enhanced considerably when higher concentrations of Ca2＋ and mg2＋ were applied in culture *** concentration of Na＋ and the ratios of Na＋/K＋,Na＋/Ca2＋,and Na＋/mg2＋ in shoots also declined *** beneficial effects of higher calcium were greater than that of magnesium and application of higher concentration of K＋ seems to have minor *** to salinity in rice can therefore be considerably enhanced through proper nutrient management,by increasing the concentrations of nutrient elements that have favorable effects such as Ca2＋ and mg2＋.Calcium is particularly more effective than both magnesium and potassium,and can be applied at relatively larger quantities in salt affected soils.

关键词： rice(Oryza sativa L.) salt stress seedling stage nutrients contents nutrients distribution genotypes

morpho-Physiological Changes in Roots of Rice Seedling upon Submergence

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Rice science 2019年第3期26卷 167-177页

作者： Liem T.BUI Evangelina S.ELLA maribel L.DIONISIO-SESE abdelbagi m.ismail Department of Plant Biotechnology Cuu Long Delta Rice Research Institute Crop and Environmental Sciences Division International Rice Research Institute Institute of Biological Sciences University of the Philippines Los Ba?os College

Submergence is a serious environmental condition that causes large loss in rice production in rain fed lowland and flood affected area. This study evaluated morphological and physiological responses of rice roots to submergence using two tolerant rice genotypes FR13A and Swarna-Sub 1 and two sensitive ones Swarna and IR42. The tolerant genotypes had higher survival rate and less shoot elongation but greater root elongation during submergence than the sensitive ones. After submergence,the tolerant genotypes also had higher root dry weight and more active roots than the sensitive *** genotypes exhibited less root injury, with less malondialdehyde production and slower electrolyte leakage after submergence. Tolerant genotypes also maintained higher concentrations of soluble sugar and starch in roots and shoots and higher chlorophyll retention after submergence than the sensitive *** data showed that root traits such as root activity and root growth are associated with survival rate after submergence. This is probably accomplished through higher energy supply, and membrane integrity is necessary to preserve root function and reduce injury during submergence. These root traits are important for submergence tolerance in rice.

关键词： peroxidase root activity submergence rice seedling Sub1a gene

Physiological Responses of Contrasting Rice Genotypes to Salt Stress at Reproductive Stage

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Rice science 2019年第4期26卷 207-219,I0001页

作者： maria Elisa B.GERONA marjorie P. DEOCAmPO James A.EGDANE abdelbagi m.ismail maribel L. DIONISIO-SESE Division of Natural Sciences and mathematics University of the Philippines Visayas Tacloban College Leyte 6500 the Philippines Institute of Biological Sciences University of the Philippines Los Banos CollegeLaguna 4031 the Philippines International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777Metro Manilathe Philippines

Salinity is a major abiotic stress affecting plant growth and productivity. Considerable genetic variation is present in rice in response to salt stress, with higher sensitivity during early seedling and reproductive stage. In this study, physiological changes in leaves and developing panicles of rice genotypes (IR686, Sadri, Rc222, CSR28, IR670 and Pokkali) contrasting in salt tolerance at the reproductive stage were evaluated in greenhouse experiment under salt stress. The results showed that IR670 and the tolerant-check Pokkali maintained lower Na^+/K^+ ratio, less reduction in chlorophyll concentration, lower malondialdehyde (mDA) production, higher concentrations of reduced ascorbate (reduced AsA), higher proline accumulation and lower percentage reduction in pollen viability than the salt-sensitive genotypes under salt stress. The higher concentration of reduced AsA suggests an efficient ROS-scavenging system. Physiological measurements and pollen viability analysis revealed that Sadri (moderately tolerant at the seedling stage) is sensitive to salt stress at the flowering stage. The findings will be useful in breeding salt tolerant varieties at both seedling and reproductive stages by selecting appropriate genotypes and phenotypes.

关键词： Na^+/K^+ ratio proline reproductive stage rice salinity stress reduced ascorbate pollen viability

Root-Specific Transcript Profiling of Contrasting Rice Genotypes in Response to Salinity Stress

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molecular Plant 2011年第1期4卷 25-41页

作者： Olivier Cotsaftis Darren Plett Alexander A.T. Johnson Harkamal Walia Clyde Wilson abdelbagi m. ismail Timothy J. Close mark Tester Ute Baumann Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics Private Mail Bag 1 Glen Osmond SA 5064 Australia Present address: School of Botany University of Melbourne Parkville Vic 3010 Australia Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA Present address: Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska Lincoln NE 68588 USA United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service George E. Brown Jr Salinity Laboratory Riverside CA 92507 USA International Rice Research Institute Manila The Philippines

Elevated salinity imposes osmotic and ion toxicity stresses on living cells and requires a multitude of responses in order to enable plant survival. Building on earlier work profiling transcript levels in rice （Oryza sativa） shoots of FL478, a salt-tolerant indica recombinant inbred line, and IR29, a salt-sensitive cultivar, transcript levels were compared in roots of these two accessions as well as in the roots of two additional salt-tolerant indica genotypes, the landrace Pokkali and the recombinant inbred line IR63731. The aim of this study was to compare transcripts in the sensitive and the tolerant lines in order to identify genes likely to be involved in plant salinity tolerance, rather than in responses to salinity perse. Transcript profiles of several gene families with known links to salinity tolerance are described （e.g. HKTs, NHXs）. The putative function of a set of genes identified through their salt responsiveness, transcript levels, and/or chro- mosomal location （i.e. underneath QTLs for salinity tolerance） is also discussed. Finally, the parental origin of the Saltol region in FL478 is further investigated. Overall, the dataset presented appears to be robust and it seems likely that this system could provide a reliable strategy for the discovery of novel genes involved in salinity tolerance.

关键词： Rice root salinity tolerance microarray HKT Saltol.

水稻生长、根系生理特性和ABA含量的基因型差异与耐盐性的关系

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植物营养与肥料学报 2011年第5期17卷 1035-1043页

作者：张振华刘强宋海星荣湘民 abdelbagi m.ismail 1湖南农业大学资源环境学院长沙410128 国际水稻研究所作物与环境科学系菲律宾马尼拉DAPO Box7777 植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室长沙410128 农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室长沙410128

为进一步揭示不同基因型水稻耐盐性差异的生理机制,探明盐胁迫初期根部激素ABA对水稻耐盐性的调控机理。于2009年10月～2010年2月在严格控制水、温、光和营养元素供应的国际水稻研究所人工气候室进行水培试验。结果表明,盐胁迫条件下耐... 详细信息

为进一步揭示不同基因型水稻耐盐性差异的生理机制,探明盐胁迫初期根部激素ABA对水稻耐盐性的调控机理。于2009年10月～2010年2月在严格控制水、温、光和营养元素供应的国际水稻研究所人工气候室进行水培试验。结果表明,盐胁迫条件下耐盐基因型(IR651)相对于敏感基因型(IR29)保持了更高的生物量,"稀释"了植株体内盐分离子的浓度而减轻盐胁迫。两水稻基因型盐胁迫条件下对盐分的总吸收量并无明显差异,IR651根部较强的耐盐性和较大的生物量可以储存更多的Na+,从而减少Na+向地上部的转运量。盐胁迫初期IR651根部ABA的大量合成是叶片蒸腾速率显著降低的主要原因,从而抑制了盐分离子的大量吸收,大大减轻了盐胁迫初期大量盐分离子吸收对植株造成的不可恢复性伤害。可见,盐胁迫条件下耐盐基因型较大的生物量、根的生理特性以及盐胁迫初期ABA的特有调控都大大增强了其耐盐胁迫性能,是耐盐基因型相对敏感基因型有更强耐盐胁迫能力的重要原因。

关键词：水稻基因型耐盐性盐胁迫根系生理特性 ABA含量

K~+,Ca2+和mg2+对不同水稻(Oryza sativa L.)基因型苗期耐盐性的影响

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中国农业科学 2010年第15期43卷 3088-3097页

作者：张振华刘强宋海星荣湘民 abdelbagi m.ismail 湖南农业大学资源与环境学院国际水稻研究所作物与环境科学系

【目的】进一步探明盐胁迫条件下营养元素K+、Ca2+和mg2+对苗期不同水稻基因型耐盐性的影响差异,为明确作物耐盐胁迫的生理机制、提高作物耐盐胁迫能力提供参考。【方法】于2009年1—4月在严格控制水、温、光和营养元素供应的国际水稻... 详细信息

【目的】进一步探明盐胁迫条件下营养元素K+、Ca2+和mg2+对苗期不同水稻基因型耐盐性的影响差异,为明确作物耐盐胁迫的生理机制、提高作物耐盐胁迫能力提供参考。【方法】于2009年1—4月在严格控制水、温、光和营养元素供应的国际水稻研究所人工气候室进行水培试验,比较研究营养液中K+、Ca2+和mg2+浓度的变化对不同水稻基因型苗期耐盐性的影响。【结果】在盐胁迫条件下(100mmol·L-1NaCl),耐盐基因型(FL478和IR651)与盐敏感基因型(IR29和Azucena)相比,植株体内有较低的Na+含量和Na+/K+、Na+/Ca2+、Na+/mg2+比,有较高的K+含量,这些都是耐盐基因型耐盐胁迫能力高于盐敏感基因型的内在原因。盐胁迫条件下提高营养液中Ca2+和mg2+的含量(60mg·L-1),可显著降低植株体Na+含量和Na+/K+、Na+/Ca2+、Na+/mg2+比,明显减轻盐胁迫的危害,增强水稻耐盐胁迫能力,且Ca2+处理的效果优于mg2+处理;而提高营养液K+含量对以上指标的影响远远小于Ca2+处理和mg2+处理,这也是K+处理对水稻耐盐性影响相对不明显的内在原因。【结论】K+、Ca2+和mg2+在植株体内的含量及其与Na+的比值变化都会影响水稻苗期耐盐性;适当提高水稻生长环境的Ca2+和mg2+浓度可以明显增强植株耐盐胁迫能力,营养元素Ca2+的效果比mg2+明显;而K+对水稻耐盐性的影响相对不明显。

关键词：水稻盐胁迫苗期营养元素(K+,Ca2+,mg2+) 不同基因型

Introgression the Salinity Tolerance QTLs <i>Saltol</i>into AS996, the Elite Rice Variety of Vietnam

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第7期3卷 981-987页

作者： Luu T. N. Huyen Luu m. Cuc abdelbagi m. ismail Le H. Ham Agricultural Genetics Institute Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences International Rice Research Institute - DAPO Box 7777 Metro Manila Philippine.

This study focus on developing new salinity tolerance and high yielding rice lines, using markers assisted backrossing (mABC). Total of 500 SSR markers on 12 rice chromosomes were screened for parental polymorphic markers. Of which, 52 primers in the Saltol region were checked with the two parents varieties to identify polymorphic primers for screening the Saltol region of the breeding populations. For each backcross generation of ASS996/FL478, approx. 500 plants were screened with 63 polymorphic markers distributed on 12 chromosomes. The two BC1F1 plants P284 and P307 which had the highest recipient alleles up to 89.06% and 86.36%, were chosen for the next backcrossing. Three BC2F1 plants with the recipient alleles up to 94.03% and 93.18% were used to develop BC3F1 generation. The best BC3F1 plant was P284-112-209 with all the recipient alleles and Saltol region. The four plants P307-305-21, P284-112-195, P284-112-198, P284-112-213 were the second ranking with only one loci heterozygous (applied 63 markers covered on 12 chromosomes). These five plants were chosen as the breeding lines for result of Saltol-AS996 introgression. The breeding line BC4F1 having 100% genetic background of donor variety is ready for develop new salinity tolerant variety ASS996-Saltol to cope with climate change.

关键词： marker Assisted Backcrossing Rice Variety AS996 Salinity Tolerance-Saltol QTLs

Assembly of functional carboxymethyl cellulose/polyethylene oxide/anatase TiO_(2) nanocomposites and tuning the dielectric relaxation, optical, and photoluminescence performances

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第7期45卷 26-38页

作者： Asmaa m.ismail Abeer A.Reffaee Fawzy G.El Desouky Spectroscopy Department Physics Research InstituteNational Research CentreGizaCairo 12622Egypt microwave Physics and Dielectrics Department National Research CentreDokkiCairoEgypt Solid State Physics Department Physics Research InstituteNational Research CentreGizaCairo 12622Egypt

Nanocomposite films consisting of carboxymethyl cellulose,polyethylene oxide(CmC/PEO),and anatase titanium diox-ide(TO)were produced by the use of sol-gel and solution casting ***2 nanocrystals were effectively incorporated into CmC/PEO polymers,as shown by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared(ATR-FTIR)*** roughness growth is at high levels of TO nanocrystals(TO NCs),which means increasing active sites and defects in CmC/*** differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)thermograms,the change in glass transition temperature(Tg)val-ues verifies that the polymer blend interacts with TO *** increment proportions of TO NCs have a notable impact on the dielectric performances of the nanocomposites,as *** electrical properties of the CmC/PEO/TO nanocomposite undergo significant *** nanocomposite films exhibit a red alteration in the absorption edge as the concentration of TO NCs increases in the polymer *** decline in the energy gap is readily apparent as the weight percentage of TO NCs *** photoluminescence(PL)emission spectra indicate that the sites of the luminescence peak maximums show slight variation;peaks get wider,while their intensities decrease dramatically as the concentration of TO *** nanocomposite materials show potential for multifunctional applications including optoelectronics,antireflection coatings,pho-tocatalysis,light emitting diodes,and solid polymer electrolytes.

关键词： anatase TiO_(2) CmC/PEO nanocomposites optical photoluminescent electrical optoelectronics

半淹涝害抑制水稻分蘖的生理机理及对产量的影响

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半淹涝害抑制水稻分蘖的生理机理及对产量的影响