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Multi-Material ALE with AMR for Modeling Hot Plasmas and Cold Fragmenting Materials

Plasma Science and Technology 2015年第2期17卷 117-128页

作者： Alice KONIGES Nathan MASTERS aaron FISHER David EDER Wangyi LIU Robert ANDERSON David BENSON Andrea BERTOZZI Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Jacobs School of Engineering 9500 Gilman Dr.UCSDLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Mathematics 520 Portola PlazaUCLALos AngelesCA 90095USA

We have developed a new 3D multi-physics multi-material code, ALE-AMR, which combines Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian （ALE） hydrodynamics with Adaptive Mesh Refinement （AMR） to connect the continuum to the microstructural regimes. The code is unique in its ability to model hot radiating plasmas and cold fragmenting solids. New numerical techniques were developed for many of the physics packages to work efficiently on a dynamically moving and adapting mesh. We use interface reconstruction based on volume fractions of the material components within mixed zones and reconstruct interfaces as needed. This interface reconstruction model is also used for void coalescence and fragmentation. A flexible strength/failure framework allows for pluggable material models, which may require material history arrays to determine the level of accumulated damage or the evolving yield stress in J2 plasticity models. For some applications laser rays are propagating through a virtual composite mesh consisting of the finest resolution representation of the modeled space. A new 2nd order accurate diffusion solver has been implemented for the thermal conduction and radiation transport packages. One application area is the modeling of laser/target effects including debris/shrapnel generation. Other application areas include warm dense matter, EUV lithography, and material wall interactions for fusion devices.

关键词： multi-physics simulations arbitrary lagrangian eulerian hydrodynamics,adaptive mesh refinement fragmentation laser ray tracing NIF

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An imputation/copula-based stochastic individual tree growth model for mixed species Acadian forests： a case study using the Nova Scotia permanent sample plot network

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Forest Ecosystems 2017年第4期4卷 251-263页

作者： John A. Kershaw Jr aaron R. Weiskittel Michael B. Lavigne Elizabeth McGarrigle University of New Brunswick FrederictonNBCanada University of Maine OroooMEUSA Atlantic Forestry Centre Natural Resources Canada.FrederiaooNBCanada Nova Scotia Natural Resources Forestry DivisionTruroNS B2N 0G9UK.

Background： A novel approach to modelling individual tree growth dynamics is proposed. The approach combines multiple imputation and copula sampling to produce a stochastic individual tree growth and yield projection system. Methods： The Nova Scotia, Canada permanent sample plot network is used as a case study to develop and test the modelling approach. Predictions from this model are compared to predictions from the Acadian variant of the Forest Vegetation Simulator, a widely used statistical individual tree growth and yield model. Results： Diameter and height growth rates were predicted with error rates consistent with those produced using statistical models. Mortality and ingrowth error rates were higher than those observed for diameter and height, but also were within the bounds produced by traditional approaches for predicting these rates. Ingrowth species composition was very poorly predicted. The model was capable of reproducing a wide range of stand dynamic trajectories and in some cases reproduced trajectories that the statistical model was incapable of reproducing. Conclusions： The model has potential to be used as a benchmarking tool for evaluating statistical and process models and may provide a mechanism to separate signal from noise and improve our ability to analyze and learn from large regional datasets that often have underlying flaws in sample design.

关键词： Nearest neighbor imputation Copula sampling Individual tree growth model Mortality Ingrowth Mixed species stand development Acadian forests Nova Scotia

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Young, sleek and full of hell

Young, sleek and full of hell

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作者： edited and compiled by aaron Rose

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Identifying Scale-location Specific Control on Vegetation Distribution in Mountain-hill Region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第4期10卷 541-552页

作者： QIU Bing-wen ZENG Can-ying TANG Zheng-hong LI Wei-jiao aaron HIRSH Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining&Information Sharing of Ministry of Education Spatial Information Research Centre of Fujian Province Fuzhou University Community and Regional Planning Program University of Nebraska-Lincoln Department of Civil Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln

vegetation continuous The scale-location specific control on distribution was investigated through wavelet transforms approaches in subtropical mountain-hill region, Fujian, China. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） was calculated as an indicator of vegetation greenness using Chinese Environmental Disaster Reduction Satellite images along latitudinal and longitudinal transects. Four scales of variations were identified from the local wavelet spectrum of NDVI, with much stronger wavelet variances observed at larger scales. The characteristic scale of vegetation distribution within mountainous and hilly regions in Southeast China was around 20 km. Significantly strong wavelet coherency was generally examined in regions with very diverse topography, typically characterized as small mountains and hills fractured by rivers and residents. The continuous wavelet based approaches provided valuable insight on the hierarchical structure and its corresponding characteristic scales of ecosystems, which might be applied in defining proper levels in multilevel models and optimal bandwidths in Geographically Weighted Regression.

关键词： NDVI Continuous wavelet transform Characteristic scale Mountain-hill region Scale-location specific

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Effects of Various Light-Emitting Diode(LED)Wavelengths on the Growth of Scenedesmus Obliquus Fachb-12 and Accumulation of Astaxanthin

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2019年第3期88卷 335-348页

作者： Huabing Xu Xiaojuan Liu Zhiping Mei Jinchun Lin Stephan aaron Hong Du Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center College of SciencesShantou UniversityShantou515063China ONCE Inc.1525523rd Ave N Plymouth MN 55447USA

Given the central role of light in the algal photosynthesis,respiration,cell division,growth and the accumulation of value products,the effects of light-emitting diodes(LEDs)light wavelengths(blue,white,red and green)were studied in Scenedesmus ***,residual nutrient amount,soluble protein,astaxanthin and reactive oxygen species,superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POD)activity were analyzed to determine the effects of different monochromatic light wavelengths via biochemical *** results showed that blue light wavelength is the optimal light wavelength for phosphorus removal efficiency and the accumulation of biomass and astaxanthin in ***,high reactive oxygen species content under the blue light might induce the accumulation of *** high activity of SOD,CAT and POD might participate in clearing the reactive oxygen species to facilitate the growth of ***,we found mixed blue/green lights treatment is the most appropriate mixture for the nitrogen *** the blue light treatment,high light intensity and 18L:6D light cycle is the best condition for biomass and astaxanthin *** nitrogen/phosphorus removal efficiency was observed under a 24L:0D light *** results might provide a foundational data for the optimizing the productivity of high-value metabolites and treatment of wastewater.

关键词： Light-emitting diodes wavelength cell density nutrient removal efficiency astaxanthin

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RENEWABLES IN THE DESERT SOUTHWEST:SUSTAINABLE,SUITABLE,AND SUPPLEMENTARY

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Journal of Green Building 2013年第2期8卷 16-26页

作者： Byungik Chang Ken Starcher David Carr aaron Miller Associate Professor University of New HavenWest HavenCT 06516USA Alternative Energy Institute West Texas A&M UniversityCanyonTexas 79016USA

INTRODUCTION Testing and resource assessment for Texas,New Mexico,and Oklahoma have shown that renewable energy can provide a significant portion of the energy needs for the *** Alternative Energy Institute at West Texas A&M University has been collecting resource data since 1978 and placing test projects for specific research topics for renewables at WTAMU and selected field *** potential for renewables and how they have merged into the existing grid and community/home/ranch use shows that these technologies have a place in the region of the Texas/Oklahoma *** potential for power production with reduced use of water is also important for this *** paper presents the success stories,the potential downsides,and the lessons learned from 30 years of renewable energy *** focus is to provide evidence that renewables have a place in the energy plans of the Desert Southwest,and if properly placed and planned,are a long-term sustainable energy solution.

关键词： renewable wind energy sustainability

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Epidemiology of syndactyly in New York State

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第11期10卷 387-393页

作者： Ishaan Swarup Yi Zhang Huong Do aaron Daluiski Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special SurgeryNew YorkNY 10021United States Healthcare Research Institute Hospital for Special SurgeryNew YorkNY 10021United States

BACKGROUND There is paucity of literature focusing on the incidence and surgical management of syndactyly. In this study, we describe the incidence and rates of surgical management of patients with syndactyly in New York *** To describe the incidence and surgical management of patients with syndactyly using an America’s population-based *** We conducted a retrospective study using the New York State Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System. All patients with a diagnosis of syndactyly at birth were identified and followed longitudinally to determine yearly incidence as well as demographic and surgical factors. Descriptive statistics and univariate analyses were *** There were 3306 newborns with a syndactyly diagnosis between 1997 and 2014 in New York State. The overall incidence was 0.074% or 7 cases per 10000 live births.A small number of patients underwent surgical correction in New York State(178 patients, 5.4%). Among the surgical patients, most of the operations were performed before the age of two(79%). Approximately 87% of surgeries were performed at teaching hospitals, and 52% of procedures were performed by plastic surgeons. Skin grafting was performed in 15% of cases. Patients having surgery in New York State were more likely to have Medicaid insurance compared to patients not having surgery(P = 0.02).CONCLUSION Syndactyly occurs in approximately 7 per 10000 live births, and the majority of patients undergo surgical correction before age two. There may be severalbarriers to care including the availability of specialized hand surgeons, access to teaching hospitals, and insurance status.

关键词： Congenital hand anomaly Epidemiology Incidence Syndactyly

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GANana:Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Volumetric Regression of Fruit

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Plant Phenomics 2021年第1期3卷 326-336页

作者： Zane K.J.Hartley aaron S.Jackson Michael Pound Andrew P.French School of Computer Science University of NottinghamNG71BBUK School of Biosciences University of NottinghamLE125RDUK

3D reconstruction of fruit is important as a key component of fruit grading and an important part of many size estimation *** many computer vision challenges,the 3D reconstruction task suffers from a lack of readily available training data in most domains,with methods typically depending on large datasets of high-quality image-model *** this paper,we propose an unsupervised domain-adaptation approach to 3D reconstruction where labelled images only exist in our source synthetic domain,and training is supplemented with different unlabelled datasets from the target real *** approach the problem of 3D reconstruction using volumetric regression and produce a training set of 25,000 pairs of images and volumes using hand-crafted 3D models of bananas rendered in a 3D modelling environment(Blender).Each image is then enhanced by a GAN to more closely match the domain of photographs of real images by introducing a volumetric consistency loss,improving performance of 3D reconstruction on real *** solution harnesses the cost benefits of synthetic data while still maintaining good performance on real world *** focus this work on the task of 3D banana reconstruction from a single image,representing a common task in plant phenotyping,but this approach is general and may be adapted to any 3D reconstruction task including other plant species and organs.

关键词： image render adapted

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Proton-Resistant Quantum Dots: Stability in Gastrointestinal Fluids and Implications for Oral Delivery of Nanoparticle Agents

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Nano Research 2009年第6期2卷 500-508页

作者： aaron M.Mohs Hongwei Duan Brad A.Kairdolf Andrew M.Smith Shuming Nie Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology101 Woodruff Circle NESuite 2001AtlantaGeorgia 30322USA

Semiconductor quantum dots(QDs)have shown great promise as fluorescent probes for molecular,cellular and in vivo ***,the fluorescence of traditional polymer-encapsulated QDs is often quenched by proton-induced etching in acidic *** is a major problem for applications of QDs in the gastrointestinal tract because the gastric(stomach)environment is strongly acidic(pH 12).Here we report the use of proton-resistant surface coatings to stabilize QD fl uorescence under acidic *** both hyperbranched polyethylenimine(PEI)and its polyethylene glycol derivative(PEG-grafted PEI),we show that the fl uorescence of coreshell CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs is effectively protected from quenching in simulated gastric *** comparison,amphiphilic lipid or polymer coatings provide no protection under similarly acidic *** proton-resistant QDs are found to cause moderate membrane damage to cultured epithelial cells,but PEGylation(PEG grafting)can be used to reduce cellular toxicity and to improve nanoparticle stability.

关键词： Nanoparticle quantum dot oral delivery gastrointestinal polyethylenimine(PEI) polyethylene glycol(PEG)

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Vertical physicochemical parameter distributions and health risk assessment for trace metals in water columns in eastern Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第1期37卷 134-145页

作者： SHEN Qiushi ZHANG Lu Ismael aaron KIMIREI WANG Zhaode GAO Qun CHEN Shuang YU Cheng State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute-Kigoma Centre School of Environmental Science and Technology Suzhou University of Science and Technology

The vertical distributions of trace metals and physicochemical parameters in water columns in Kigoma Bay and Kungwe Bay in eastern Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania, were studied. The Al, Ba, Ca, Co,K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Sn, Sr, and V concentrations were low and varied very little with depth. The toxic heavy metal(As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) concentrations were relatively high in the surface water, and the Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn concentrations decreased with depth. Principal component and cluster analyses indicated that the metals in the lake had three main sources. Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Cu, Cr, Mn, Sr, Sn, and V were found to be geogenic; As, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn and Zn anthropogenic; and As, Ca, Co, Mg, and Na *** health risk assessments were performed, and it was found that trace metals in the water at most of the sampling sites would cause no potential adverse ef fects or non-carcinogenic health risks through dermal contact or ingestion. However, trace metals in surface water in Kungwe Bay could have certain adverse ef fects on human health through the ingestion pathway(the total hazard quotient for ingestion(ΣHQi ng)was 1.75(a value >1 was de?ned as possibly indicating adverse ef fects). The Pb HQi ng for surface water in Kungwe Bay was 1.50 and contributed >80% of the ΣHQ_(ing_, implying that Pb pollution is a water quality and safety problem that needs to be carefully monitored and the potential sources identi?ed.

关键词： trace metal heavy metal risk assessment water column Lake Tanganyika

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