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老年人的不合理用药与多重用药计算机工具虽可辅助制定处方,但合理开具处方的关键是医、患、社会的多方合作

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英国医学杂志中文版 2020年第11期23卷 627-628页

作者： Doron Garfinkel aaron Bilek 蒋子涵(译) Center for Appropriate medication Use Sheba Medical CenterTel HashomerIsrael Geriatric division Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterIsrael 中国医学科学院北京协和医院消化科

虽然不合理用药和多重用药现象十分普遍,但并未得到社会关注。此外,尽管有无数人承受着该现象带来的负面影响,尤其是老年人首当其冲,但这一问题仍没有通行且有效的解决方法。

关键词：不合理用药计算机工具多方合作老年人负面影响处方

花生昼夜节律基因及其在铝诱导根尖细胞程序性死亡中作用的研究

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花生昼夜节律基因及其在铝诱导根尖细胞程序性死亡中作用的研究

作者： NTAmBIYUKURI aaron 广西大学

学位级别：硕士

花生是一年生重要的油料作物,其适宜的pH值为中性。花生大多种植在中国南方的酸性土壤上,受铝(Al)毒性严重影响。昼夜节律是植物适应外部环境的内在分子机制,涉及对植物生长、代谢、开花、激素信号传导、生物和非生物胁迫反应等各种生... 详细信息

花生是一年生重要的油料作物,其适宜的pH值为中性。花生大多种植在中国南方的酸性土壤上,受铝(Al)毒性严重影响。昼夜节律是植物适应外部环境的内在分子机制,涉及对植物生长、代谢、开花、激素信号传导、生物和非生物胁迫反应等各种生理过程的调节。昼夜节律在植物对铝应激响应中的作用及其分子机制尚不清楚。为此,我们研究了花生昼夜节律基因及其在铝诱导的程序性细胞死亡(PCD)调节中的作用。1.花生昼夜节律基因的生物信息学分析。从拟南芥数据库中下载到72个昼夜节律基因,通过开放阅读框(ORF)分析和保守域搜索,在花生中发现了71个昼夜节律基因。这些基因分布在花生的20条染色体上,其中19号染色体最长,具有基因最多(8个),而8号染色体最短,10号、11号、13号和15号染色体基因数量最少,均为1个基因。71个蛋白质中有12种具有跨膜结构域。Ahy000382的分子量最高(87997.77),Ahy16709的分子量最低(11146.99)。Ahy001085的等电点最小(3.58),而Ahy00249的最高(10.51)。进化树分析将拟南芥和花生昼夜节律基因分为17簇。与99-1507(耐铝型)相比,中花2号(ZH2,铝敏感型)的昼夜节律基因表达量变化较大,最高在ZH2铝处理后8小时,最低为ZH2处理后24小时。71个基因中,有33个被注释,其中最多为组织系统12个,占36.36%,其次是遗传信息处理和代谢,均为4个,占12.12%。2.光周期和铝胁迫对花生根尖细胞程序性死亡的影响。在三种光周期条件下(8/16,SD;12/12,ND;16/8 h,LD),用100μm AlCl3处理了两个花生品种99-1507和ZH2一天。根长和根尖细胞死亡受到光周期、铝胁迫单独处理影响,二者共同处理影响更大。铝胁迫引起根长生长抑制和细胞死亡产生在LD下高于ND,SD下最低。根尖和根尖细胞壁铝含量为LD>ND>SD,ZH2大于99-1507。长日照和铝胁迫增加根尖mDA含量,PmE和LOX活性,ROS含量。长日照降低APX、SOD、CAT和POD活性,而铝胁迫增加这些酶活性。3.花生昼夜节律基因AhLHY和AhSTS的克隆和表达分析。AhLHY编码736aa,分子量为79.87 kDa,等电点为5.185。有三种与myb相关的基序,包括myb＿DNA结合(PF00249)、myb样DNA结合结构域myb＿DNA-bind＿7(PF15963)、myb＿DNA bind＿6(PF13921)。AhSTS编码389aa,分子量为42.69 kDa,等电点为6.05。AhSTS存在六个基序,即Chal＿sti＿synt＿N 7(PF00195)、Chal＿sti＿synt＿C(PF02797)、ACP＿syn＿III＿C(PF08541)、3-氧酰基-[酰基载体蛋白(ACP)]合酶III C末端FAE1＿CUT1＿Rpp A(PF08392)、FAE1/III型聚酮合酶样蛋白ACP＿syn＿III(PF08545)和3-氧酰基-[酰基载体蛋白(ACP)]合酶III DUF6568(PF20207)。在三个不同的光周期处理或光周期加铝处理下,AhLHY表达上调,呈现ND>SD>LD以及品种99-1507>ZH2。在无铝或铝胁迫下,AhSTS表达均为SD>LD>ND以及品种99-1507>ZH2。综上所述,在花生中存在大量昼夜节律基因,它们能够调控铝胁迫下的铝吸收,调节根尖活性氧含量和清除酶活性而参与铝诱导PCD,其中长日照促进铝吸收,降低活性氧清除酶活性,提高膜脂过氧化水平,加快铝诱导PCD,AhLHY和AhSTS基因可能在其中发挥重要作用。

关键词：花生昼夜节律铝诱导细胞程序性死亡生物信息学生理生化特性

Droplet-Based microfluidics with mass Spectrometry for microproteomics

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Engineering 2024年第12期43卷 37-53页

作者： Li, Hang ma, Yudan Fu, Rongxin Peng, Jiaxi Zhai, Yanbing Li, Jinhua Xu, Wei Hu, Siyi ma, Hanbin Wheeler, aaron R. Zhang, Shuailong School of medical Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Zhengzhou Research Institute Beijing Institute of Technology Zhengzhou450000 China Department of Chemistry University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3H6 Canada Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3G9 Canada Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3E1 Canada CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-medical Diagnostics Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou215163 China Guangdong ACXEL micro & Nano Tech Co. Ltd Foshan 528000 China Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Chongqing Institute of microelectronics and microsystems Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing400000 China

microproteomics, the profiling of protein expressions in small cell populations or individual cells, is essential for understanding complex biological systems. However, sample loss and insufficient sensitivity of analytical techniques pose severe challenges to this field. microfluidics, particularly droplet-based microfluidics, provides an ideal approach by enabling miniaturized and integrated workflows to process samples and offers several advantages, including reduced sample loss, low reagent consumption, faster reaction times, and improved throughput. Droplet-based microfluidics manipulates droplets of fluids to function as discrete reaction units, enabling complex chemical reactions and biological workflows in a miniaturized setting. This article discusses a variety of on-chip functions of droplet-based microfluidics, including cell sorting, cell culture, and sample processing. We then highlight recent advances in the mass spectrometry (mS)-based analysis of single cells using droplet-based microfluidic platforms, including digital microfluidics (DmF). Finally, we review the integrated DmF–mS systems that enable automated and parallel proteomic profiling of single cells with high sensitivity and discuss the applications of the technology and its future perspectives. © 2024 THE AUTHORS.

关键词： Cell culture

Application of magnetic Survey in the Investigation of Iron Ore Deposits and Shear Zone Delineation: Case Study of mutomo-Ikutha Area, SE Kenya

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第7期6卷 729-740页

作者： aaron K. Waswa Christopher m. Nyamai Eliud mathu Daniel W. Ichang’i Department of Geology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Department of Geological Sciences SE Kenya University Kitui Kenya

The main objective of this research was to use ground magnetic survey to delineate shear zone and iron ore deposit within the Neoproterozoic rocks of mutomo-Ikutha area of south eastern Kenya. Total field magnetic data was recorded by using high resolution proton precision geometric magnetometer which recorded total components of the ground magnetic anomaly data running through sixteen traverses. The field data was qualitatively and quantitatively interpreted and the results gave values for the total component measurements of ground magnetic anomaly that varied between a minimum negative peak value of about 250 nanoTesla and a maximum of about 1000 nanoTesla. 550 nanoTesla was considered to be threshold of the iron mineralization within the area. The results indicated that the western part of mutomo-Ikutha was sheared, faulted and contained iron ore mineralization trending in the north-south direction. Areas with high anomalous values were geochemically proven to contain magnetite.

关键词： Iron Ore magnetic Survey Neoproterozoic mutomo-Ikutha

Engineering microneedle Patches for Improved Penetration:Analysis,Skin models and Factors Affecting Needle Insertion

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Nano-micro Letters 2021年第6期13卷 190-230页

作者： Pooyan makvandi melissa Kirkby aaron RJHutton majid Shabani Cynthia K.Y.Yiu Zahra Baghbantaraghdari Rezvan Jamaledin marco Carlotti Barbara mazzolai Virgilio mattoli Ryan F.Donnelly Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia Centre for Materials InterfaceViale Rinaldo Piaggio 3456025 PontederaPisaItaly School of Pharmacy Queen’s University Belfast97 Lisburn RoadBelfast BT97BLUK The BioRobotics Institute Scuola Superiore Sant’AnnaViale Rinaldo Piaggio 3456025 PontederaPisaItaly Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Faculty of DentistryThe University of Hong KongPrince Philip Dental HospitalHong Kong SARChina Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production EngineeringUniversity of Naples FedericoⅡ80125 NaplesItaly Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care(iit@CRIB) Italian Institute of Technology80125 NaplesItaly

Transdermal microneedle(mN)patches are a promising tool used to transport a wide variety of active compounds into the *** serve as a substitute for common hypodermic needles,mNs must pierce the human stratum corneum(~10 to 20μm),without rupturing or bending during *** ensures that the cargo is released at the predetermined place and ***,the ability of mN patches to sufficiently pierce the skin is a crucial *** the current review,the pain signal and its management during application of mNs and typical hypodermic needles are presented and *** is followed by a discussion on mechanical analysis and skin models used for insertion tests before application to clinical *** that affect insertion(e.g.,geometry,material composition and cross-linking of mNs),along with recent advancements in developed strategies(e.g.,insertion responsive patches and 3D printed biomimetic mNs using two-photon lithography)to improve the skin penetration are highlighted to provide a backdrop for future research.

关键词： Insertion responsive Implantable microneedles Skin indentation Transdermal microneedles Pain management

Suspension electrospinning of decellularized extracellular matrix: A new method to preserve bioactivity

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Bioactive materials 2024年第11期41卷 640-656页

作者： Sarah Jones Sabrina VandenHeuvel Andres Luengo martinez Ruchi Birur Eric Burgeson Isabelle Gilbert aaron Baker matthew Wolf Shreya A.Raghavan Simon Rogers Elizabeth Cosgriff-Hernandez Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77843USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL61820USA Cancer Biomaterials Engineering Section Cancer Innovation LaboratoryCenter for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteFrederickMD21702USA

Decellularized extracellular matrices (dECm) have strong regenerative potential as tissue engineering scaffolds;however, current clinical options for dECm scaffolds are limited to freeze-drying its native form into sheets. Electrospinning is a versatile scaffold fabrication technique that allows control of macro- and microarchitecture. It remains challenging to electrospin dECm, which has led researchers to either blend it with synthetic materials or use enzymatic digestion to fully solubilize the dECm. Both strategies reduce the innate bioactivity of dECm and limit its regenerative potential. Herein, we developed a new suspension electrospinning method to fabricate a pure dECm fibrous mesh that retains its innate bioactivity. Systematic investigation of suspension parameters was used to identify critical rheological properties required to instill “spinnability,” including homogenization, concentration, and particle size. Homogenization enhanced particle interaction to impart the requisite elastic behavior to withstand electrostatic drawing without breaking. A direct correlation between concentration and viscosity was observed that altered fiber morphology;whereas, particle size had minimal impact on suspension properties and fiber morphology. The versatility of this new method was demonstrated by electrospinning dECm with three common decellularization techniques (Abraham, Badylak, Luo) and tissue sources (intestinal submucosa, heart, skin). Bioactivity retention after electrospinning was confirmed using cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and macrophage polarization assays. Collectively, these findings provide a framework for researchers to electrospin dECm for diverse tissue engineering applications.

关键词： Electrospinning Extracellular matrix Biological scaffolds

Bone mineral “Quality”: Differing Characteristics of Calcified microsphere Populations at the Osteoporotic and Osteoarthritic Femoral Articulation Front

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2014年第9期7卷 739-755页

作者： Kathryn m. Linton Lesley D. Hordon Roger C. Shore Jean E. aaron Institute of membrane and Systems Biology Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Leeds Leeds UK Oral Biology Department Leeds Dental Institute University of Leeds Leeds UK

The mineral front consists of large populations of organically enshrouded calcified microspheres (filamentous clusters) about 1 micron in diameter and associated smaller numbers of variably dense nanospheres, 30 - 40 nm in diameter. The discrete objects persist and modulate in maturity, and may constitute a variable “qualitative” factor in the skeletal inorganic phase, exemplified by the biomechanically contrasting pathologies of osteoporosis (OP;fracture, low stress condition) and osteoarthritis (OA;non fracture, high stress condition). The aim was to compare the articulation front material for morphological and trace element diversity using fresh female femoral head discards (from Dewsbury District Hospital NHS mid-Yorkshire Trust). These were prepared for histology of the cartilage/bone interface region by immersion in hydrazine hydrate to expose the anorganic mineral topography for microscopy and FEGSEm microanalysis. 1) mineral microsphere morphology (compared to animals as arbitrary controls) suggested that calcified microspheres from OP (n = 19) tended to be small (0.5 - 0.7 microns), smooth and compacted;those from OA (n = 19) were large (0.5 - 4.0 microns), uneven and irregularly dispersed. Respective calcified nanospheres from OP were similarly smaller (30 - 50 nm) than those from OA (>100 nm). In subchondral bone a proportion of the filamentous microspheres had fused into a fine-textured phase in OP and a coarse-textured phase in OA. 2) Trace element analysis (compared to positive porcine Si and mg and other peaks) suggested a diminution with mineral maturity, and also with age effecting OP and OA similarly, with minor differences detected between them. It was concluded that calcified objects constituting the inorganic phase vary regionally with age and in fracture and nonfracture, being diminished in size (not number) in weak OP and enlarged (compared to porcine control) in stronger OA, with Si or mg “doping” diminishing with time, perhaps influencing th

关键词： Bone mineral Quality Calcified microspheres Si mg Trace Elements Osteoporosis Osteoarthritis

Artificial intelligence for pancreatic cancer detection: Recent development and future direction

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Artificial Intelligence in Gastroenterology 2021年第2期2卷 56-68页

作者： Passisd Laoveeravat Priya R Abhyankar aaron R Brenner moamen m Gabr Fadlallah G Habr Amporn Atsawarungruangkit Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition University of Kentucky College of MedicineLexingtonKY 40536United States Department of Internal medicine University of Kentucky College of MedicineLexingtonKY 40536United States Division of Gastroenterology Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02903United States

Artificial intelligence(AI)has been increasingly utilized in medical applications,especially in the field of *** can assist gastroenterologists in imaging-based testing and prediction of clinical diagnosis,for examples,detecting polyps during colonoscopy,identifying small bowel lesions using capsule endoscopy images,and predicting liver diseases based on clinical *** its high mortality rate,pancreatic cancer can highly benefit from AI since the early detection of small lesion is difficult with conventional imaging techniques and current *** ultrasound(EUS)is a main diagnostic tool with high sensitivity for pancreatic adenocarcinoma and pancreatic cystic *** standard tumor markers have not been effective for *** have been recent research studies in AI application in EUS and novel biomarkers to early detect and differentiate malignant pancreatic *** findings are impressive compared to the available traditional ***,we aim to explore the utility of AI in EUS and novel serum and cyst fluid biomarkers for pancreatic cancer detection.

关键词： Artificial intelligence machine learning Deep learning Endoscopic ultrasound microRNA Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic cyst

The Biodegradation of Dispersed Oil Does Not Induce Toxicity at Environmentally-Relevant Concentrations

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Open Journal of marine Science 2019年第3期9卷 113-120页

作者： Roger C. Prince Bryan m. Hedgpeth aaron D. Redman Josh D. Butler Exxonmobil Biomedical Sciences Inc. Annandale NJ USA

Applying dispersants to spilled crude oil results in an oil in water dispersion of microscopic oil droplets that soon dilutes to levels below 1 ppm oil. These levels are substantially below those known to induce acute toxicity in 96-hour tests. We show here that oil hydrocarbons are biodegraded very rapidly in such situations (50% loss in 4 days in this experiment), and that no increase in acute toxicity to mysids (Americamysis bahia) is seen during this biodegradation, or over the following 20 days as the oil is further degraded (78% loss of detectable hydrocarbons in this experiment).

关键词： Oil Spills Dispersants Biodegradation Acute Toxicity Hopane Americamysis bahia