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Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Leibnitzia Cass.(Asteraceae:Mutisieae:Gerbera-complex),an Asian-North American disjunct genus

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第3期48卷 161-174页

作者： Kristen E.BAIRD Vicki A.FUNK Andrea weeks Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason University US National Herbarium Smithsonian InstitutionMRC 166P.O.Box 371012WashingtonDC 20013-7012USA

Leibnitzia comprises six species of perennial herbs that are adapted to high elevation conditions and is one of only two Asteraceae genera known to have an exclusively disjunct distribution spanning central to eastern Asia and North *** phylogenetic analysis of Leibnitzia and other Gerbera-complex members indicates that Leibnitzia is monophyletic,which is in contrast with our expectation that the American Leibnitzia species L. lyrata and *** would be more closely related to another American member of the Gerbera-complex,namely *** area reconstructions show that the historical biogeography of the Gerbera-complex mirrors that of the entire Asteraceae,with early diverging lineages located in South America that were followed by transfers to Africa and Eurasia and,most recently,to North *** transfer of Leibnitzia appears to have been directed from Asia to North *** calibrations of nuclear(ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region)and chloroplast(trnL-rpl32 intron)DNA sequence data using relaxed clock methods and either mean rate or fossil-based priors unanimously support Miocene and younger divergence times for Gerbera-complex *** ages are not consistent with most Gondwanan vicariance episodes and,thus,the global distribution of Gerbera-complex members must be explained in large part by long-distance *** species of Leibnitzia are estimated to have diverged from their Asian ancestor during the Quaternary(ca.2 mya)and either migrated overland to North America via Beringia and retreated southwards along high elevation corridors to their present location in southwestern North America or were dispersed long distance.

关键词： Beringia biogeography Gerbera-complex Mutisieae.

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Toward a socio-political approach to water management: successes and limitations of IWRM programs in rural northwestern China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第2期14卷 268-285页

作者： KuoRay MAO Qian ZHANG Yongji XUE Nefratiri weeks Department of Sociology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Institute of Sociology Chinese Academy of Social SciencesBeijing 100001China School of Economies&Management Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

In rural north-western China,the tension between economic growth and ecological crises demonstrates the limitations of dominant top-down approaches to water *** the 1990s,the Chinese government adopted the Integrated Water Resources Management(IWRM)approach to combat the degradation of water and ecological systems throughout its rural *** the approach has had some success at reducing desertification,water shortage,and ecological deterioration,there are important limitations and obstacles that continue to impede optimum outcomes in water *** the current IWRM approach is instituted through a top-down centralized bureaucratic structure,it often fails to address the socio-political context in which water management is embedded and therefore lacks a complete treatment of how power is embedded in the bureaucracy and how it articulates through economic growth imperatives set by the Chinese *** approach has relied on infrastructure heavy and technocratic solutions to govern water demand,which has worked to undermine the focus on integration and public ***,the historical process through which water management mechanisms have been instituted are fraught with bureaucratic fragmentation and processes of centralization that work against some of its primary goals such as reducing uncertainty and risk in water management *** article reveals the historical,social,political,and economic processes behind these shortcomings in water management in rural northwestern China by focusing on the limitations of a top-down approach that rely on infrastructure,technology,and quantification,and thereby advances a more holistic,socio-political perspective for water management that considers the state-society dynamics inherent in water governance in rural China.

关键词： integrated water resources management topdown implementation inland river basin water rights China

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Quantifying cold front induced water transport of a bay with in situ observations using manned and unmanned boats

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2018年第11期37卷 1-7页

作者： weeks Eddie ROBINSON Mark E LI Chunyan Coastal Studies Institute Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences Louisiana State University Department of Geography and Anthropology Louisiana State University

The generation of high-resolution data is increasingly important in understanding the complexities of coastal ocean and developing sound management strategies, especially in view of the long-term impact of severe weather systems. The impact of severe weather systems, when integrated over time, can be significant when compared with tidal oscillations. This paper presents a study of water transport out of Vermilion Bay in response to a short, intense event associated with a passing atmospheric cold front, and reports the application of an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler （ADCP） mounted on an Automated Surface Craft （ASC）, known as the auto-boat or unmanned boat, developed in our lab at the Louisiana State University, to generate high resolution data accurately at a fraction of the cost of a manned boat. In our study, we used a manned boat and an unmanned boat, each for over 24 h to cover an entire diurnal tidal cycle, to measure flow velocity profiles to calculate the total transport. A stationary ADCP was deployed in the Southwest Pass of the Vermilion Bay from May 2009 to April 2012, providing data almost continuously （with only one major gap）, with a 717-day record of water transport between the northern Gulf of Mexico and Vermilion Bay, and demonstrates the importance of the pass in water transport.

关键词： cold fronts unmanned boat Vermillion Bay Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler surveys regression on transport

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Developing Exon-Primed Intron-Crossing （EPIC） markers for population genetic studies in three Aedes disease vectors

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Insect Science 2015年第3期22卷 409-423页

作者： Vanessa Linley White Nancy Margaret Endersby Janice Chan Ary Anthony Hoffmann Andrew Raymond weeks Department of Genetics Bio21 Institute the University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia

Aedes aegypti, Aedes notoscriptus, and Aedes albopictus are important vectors of many arboviruses implicated in human disease such as dengue fever. Genetic markers applied across vector species can provide important information on population structure, gene flow, insecticide resistance, and taxonomy, however, robust microsatellite markers have proven difficult to develop in these species and mosquitoes generally. Here we consider the utility and transferability of 15 Ribosome protein （Rp） Exon-Primed Intron- Crossing （EPIC） markers for population genetic studies in these 3 Aedes species. Rp EPIC markers designed for Ae. aegypti also successfully amplified populations of the sister species, Ae. albopictus, as well as the distantly related species, Ae. notoscriptus. High SNP and good indel diversity in sequenced alleles plus support for amplification of the same regions across populations and species were additional benefits of these markers. These findings point to the general value of EPIC markers in mosquito population studies.

关键词： Aedes aegypti Aedes albopictus Aedes notoscriptus Exon-Primed Intron- Crossing (EPIC) indels Ribosome protein (Rp) SNPs

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Liquid biopsy in cholangiocarcinoma:Current status and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第5期13卷 332-350页

作者： Gianluca Rompianesi Marcello Di Martino Alex Gordon-weeks Roberto Montalti Roberto Troisi Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatic Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery UnitDepartment of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryFederico II University HospitalNapoli 80131Italy Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatic Surgery Unit Department of General and Digestive SurgeryHospital Universitario La PrincesaMadrid 28006Spain Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences University of OxfordOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom

Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)are a heterogeneous group of tumors in terms of aetiology,natural history,morphological subtypes,molecular alterations and management,but all sharing complex diagnosis,management,and poor *** mutated genes and epigenetic changes have been detected in CCA,with the potential to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic *** tumoral components and genetic material is therefore crucial for the diagnosis,management and selection of targeted therapies;but sampling tumor tissue,when possible,is often risky and difficult to be repeated at different time *** biopsy(LB)represents a way to overcome these issues and comprises a diverse group of methodologies centering around detection of tumor biomarkers from fluid *** to the traditional tissue sampling methods LB is less invasive and can be serially repeated,allowing a real-time monitoring of the tumor genetic profile or the response to *** this review,we analysis the current evidence on the possible roles of LB(circulating DNA,circulating RNA,exosomes,cytokines)in the diagnosis and management of patients affected by CCA.

关键词： Liquid biopsy Cholangiocarcinoma Circulating biomarkers Biliary tumors Circulating DNA Circulating RNA Exosomes Cytokines

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Lymphangiogenesis: A new player in the heart’s adaptive response to exercise

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第4期11卷 421-423页

作者： Sanela Dozic Johannes V.Janssens Kate L.weeks Central Clinical School Monash UniversityMelbourneVIC 3004Australia Department of Anatomy&Physiology The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Department of Diabetes Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVIC 3004Australia

The heart’s lymphatic network is essential for maintaining fluid and immune cell *** vessels return interstitial fluid to the bloodstream,transport macromolecules such as proteins and lipids,and clear the heart of inflammatory cells.1 Several studies have demonstrated the importance of cardiac lymphatics and lymphangiogenesis(the formation of new lymphatic vessels from pre-existing vessels)in settings of cardiac pathology.2-6 Blocking endogenous lymphangiogenesis during myocardial infarction exacerbates myocardial edema and cardiac inflammation and fibrosis,while enhancing lymphangiogenesis attenuates ischemia-induced heart failure and pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction.3-5 Collectively,these studies identify stimulation of lymphangiogenesis as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and heart failure.

关键词： cardiac stimulation endogenous

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Novel microsatellite markers suggest the mechanism of parthenogenesis in Extatosoma tiaratum is automixis with terminal fusion

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Insect Science 2018年第1期25卷 24-32页

作者： Yasaman Alavi Anthony van Rooyen Mark Adrian Elgar Theresa Melanie Jones Andrew Raymond weeks1 School of BioSciences University of Melbourne Victoria Australia Cesar Pty Ltd 293 Royal Parade Parkville Victoria Australia

Parthenogenetic reproduction is taxonomically widespread and occurs through various cytological mechanisms, which have different impact on the genetic variation of the offspring. Extatosoma tiaratum is a facultatively parthenogenetic Australian insect （Phasmatodea）, in which females oviposit continuously throughout their adult lifespan irre- spective of mating. Fertilized eggs produce sons and daughters through sexual reproduction and unfertilized eggs produce female offspring via parthenogenesis. Here, we developed novel microsatellite markers for E. tiaratum and characterized them by genotyping indi- viduals from a natural population. We then used the microsatellite markers to infer the cytological mechanism of parthenogenesis in this species. We found evidence suggesting parthenogenesis in E. tiaratum occurs through automixis with terminal fusion, resulting in substantial loss of microsatellite heterozygosity in the offspring. Loss of microsatel- lite heterozygosity may be associated with loss of heterozygosity in fitness related loci. The mechanism of parthenogenetic reproduction can therefore affect fitness outcomes and needs to be considered when comparing costs and benefits of sex versus parthenogenesis.

关键词： apomixis automixis Extatosoma tiaratum heterozygosity microsatellite markers parthenogenesis

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Magnetic and optical properties of NaGdF4：Nd^3＋, Yb^3＋, Tm^3＋ nanocrystals with upconversion/downconversion luminescence from visible to the near-infrared second window

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Nano Research 2015年第2期8卷 636-648页

作者： Xianwen Zhang Zhi Zhao Xin Zhang David B. Cordes Brandon weeks Bensheng Qiu Kailasnath Madanan Dhiraj Sardar Jharna Chaudhuri Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas 79409 USA Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Hefei Anhui 230026 China Department of Chemical Engineering Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas 79409 USA Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas 79409 USA EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St. Andrews St. Andrews KY16 9ST UK School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio Texas 78249 USA International School of Photonics Cochin University of Science and Technology Kochi 682022 India

We have designed and synthesized NaGdF4：Nd^3＋, Yb^3＋, Tm^3＋. magnetic nano- phosphors with combined dual-mode downconversion （DC） and upconversion （UC） photoluminescence upon 800 run excitation. Hexagonal-phase NaGdF4：Nd^3＋, Yb^3＋, Tm^3＋ nanocrystals （NCs） with an average size of 21 nm were synthesized using a solvothermal approach. Nd^3＋, Yb^3＋, Tm^3＋ triple-doped NaGdF4 NCs exhibit a broad range of photoluminescence peaks covering a near infrared first/second window （860-900, 1,000, and 1,060 nm）, and visible emission including blue （475 nm）, green （520 and 542 nm） and yellow （587 nm） after excitation at 800 nm. A mechanism involving circulation of energy over Gd^3＋ sublattices as bridge ions and final trapping by the initial activator ions （Nd^3＋） has been proposed. Penetration depth studies indicate that NIR emission is easily detected even at a large tissue thickness of 10 mm. These paramagnetic nanophosphors demonstrate a large magnetization value of 1.88 emu/g at 20 kOe and longitudinal relaxivity value of 1.2537 mM-1.S-1 as a Tl-weighted magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent. These NaGdF4：Nd^3＋, Yb^3＋ Tm^3＋ NCs are promising for applications in biological and magnetic resonance imaging.

关键词： near-infrared second window photoluminescence energy transfer nanocrystals

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Towards a Climate Service for the Tea Industry:A Collaborative Approach between the UK and China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第12期41卷 2289-2299页

作者： Stacey NEW Shaojuan LI Tongwen ZHAO Elisabeth THOMPSON Nicola BOWN Tim MITCHELL Amy WATERSON Jennifer H weeks Jing YANG Rosie OAKES Tianjun ZHOU Nicola GOLDING UK Met Office Exeter EX13PBUK Yunnan University of Finance and Economics Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Land UseKunming 650021China University of Leeds LeedsLS29JTUK Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China

Tea is an important global commodity,with important tea-growing regions spanning across South America,Africa,and Asia,and burgeoning smaller-scale and artisanal tea production in the UK and *** each of these regions,the quality and quantity of tea production,with their economic and social consequences,are highly sensitive to variations in the climate on both short-term weather,seasonal and climate change *** provision of tailored climate information in a timely and accessible manner through the development,delivery and use of climate services can help tea-farmers and other relevant stakeholders better understand the impacts of climate variability and climate change on decision-making and a range of adaptive *** paper presents an overview of the Tea-CUP project(Co-developing Useful Predictions),a joint initiative between UK and Chinese partners,which aims to develop and implement solutions for improving robust ***-production principles are core,ensuring that the resultant climate services are usable and useful;users'needs are met through close engagement and joint research and *** paper also reports on the exchange of knowledge and experiences,such as between tea growers in China and the UK,which has resulted from this collaborative work,fostering global knowledge sharing,enriching understanding,and driving innovation by integrating diverse perspectives and expertise from different *** is an unintended but valuable side-effect of the collaborative approach taken and highlights the benefits of a highly relational and multidisciplinary approach to climate services development that will inform future work in the field.

关键词： climate services co-production tea industry knowledge exchange

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英语重音研究英文 1

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2006年

作者：杨云升（英）Andy weeks校

全书共分五章：第一章是历史回顾，着重探讨了英语重音的发展变化及其原因；第二章是词汇重音，分析了日耳曼语与拉丁语的词汇重音区别；第三章讲的是词尾重音规则；第四章是关于合成词及其重音问题；第五章分析英语重音转移的规则。

ISBN: (数字)7309052269

ISBN: (纸本)7309052269

关键词：英语重音研究

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