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Biotechnology of the multipurpose tree species Arbutus unedo:a review

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第2期33卷 377-390页

作者： João Martins Glória Pinto Jorge Canhoto Centre for Functional Ecology Department of Life SciencesUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies Department of BiologyUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal

Arbutus unedo L.(strawberry tree,Ericaceae)is a woody species with a circum-Mediterranean *** has considerable ecological relevance in southern European forests due to its resilience to abiotic and biotic *** edible red berries are used in the production of traditional products,including an expensive *** compounds extracted from the species have bioactive prop-erties used by the cosmetic and pharmaceutical *** strawberry tree has gone from a neglected species to become a highly valuable crop with large cultivated areas in southern European and North African *** to an increasing demand from farmers for plants with improved features,researchers have been trying to improve this spe-cies through conventional and biotechnological tools,focus-ing mainly on population analysis using molecular markers,in vitro cloning,tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses,and intraspecific crosses to obtain genotypes with new *** objective of this review is to gather and update information about the species and make it available to researchers and *** research areas that are considered a priority for this species are highlighted.

关键词： Breeding Chemical profiling Ericaceae Microbiome Micropropagation

Is there a potential of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers in rheumatic diseases?

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第4期10卷 1263-1278页

作者： Klára Prajzlerová Ladislav Senolt Mária Filková Institute of Rheumatology Prague 12800Czech Republic Department of Rheumatology First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPrague 12800Czech Republic

t MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small non-coding single-stranded RNAs of about 22 nucle-otides in length that act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene *** on the complementarity between miRNA and target mRNA,cleavage,destabilization,or transla-tional suppression of mRNA occurs within the RISC(RNA-induced silencing complex).As gene expression regulators,miRNAs are involved in a variety of biological *** of miRNAs and their target genes contribute to the pathophysiology of many diseases,including autoimmune and inflammatory *** are also present extracellularly in their sta-ble form in body *** incorporation into membrane vesicles or protein complexes with Ago2,HDL,or nucleophosmin 1 protects them against ***-free miRNAs can be deliv-ered to another cell in vitro and maintain their functional ***,miRNAs can be considered mediators of intercellular *** remarkable stability of cell-free miRNAs and their accessibility in body fluid makes them potential diagnostic or prognostic bio-markers and potential therapeutic *** we provide an overview of the potential role of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of disease activity,therapeutic response,or diagnosis in rheumatic *** circulating miRNAs reflect their involvement in the pathogenesis,while for plenty,their pathogenetic mechanisms remain to be *** miRNAs described as biomarkers were also shown to be of therapeutic potential,and some miRNAs arealready tested in clinical trials.

关键词： Biomarker Diagnosis miRNA Rheumatic diseases Therapy

Endurance exercise and gut microbiota:A review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第2期6卷 179-197页

作者： Núria Mach Dolors Fuster-Botella Health Science Department International Graduate Institute of the Open University of Catalonia (UOC) Barcelona 08035 Spain Animal Genetics and Integrative Biology unit (GABI) INRA AgroParis Tech Univesity of Paris-Saclay Jouy-en-Josas 78350 France

Background: The physiological and biochemical demands of intense exercise elicit both muscle-based and systemic responses. The main adaptations to endurance exercise include the correction of electrolyte imbalance, a decrease in glycogen storage and the increase of oxidative stress, intestinal permeability, muscle damage, and systemic inflammatory response. Adaptations to exercise might be influenced by the gut microbiota, which plays an important role in the production, storage, and expenditure of energy obtained from the diet as well as in inflammation,redox reactions, and hydration ***: A systematic and comprehensive search of electronic databases, including MEDLINE, Scopus, Clinical ***, Science Direct,Springer Link, and EMBASE was done. The search process was completed using the keywords: "endurance", "exercise", "immune response","microbiota", "nutrition", and "probiotics".Results: Reviewed literature supports the hypothesis that intestinal microbiota might be able to provide a measureable, effective marker of an athlete's immune function and that microbial composition analysis might also be sensitive enough to detect exercise-induced stress and metabolic disorders. The review also supports the hypothesis that modifying the microbiota through the use of probiotics could be an important therapeutic tool to improve athletes' overall general health, performance, and energy availability while controlling inflammation and redox ***: The present review provides a comprehensive overview of how gut microbiota may have a key role in controlling the oxidative stress and inflammatory responses as well as improving metabolism and energy expenditure during intense exercise.

关键词： Endurance Exercise Immune response Microbiota Nutrition Probiotics

Key elements determining the intestinal region-specific environment of enteric neurons in type 1 diabetes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第18期29卷 2704-2716页

作者： Mária Bagyánszki Nikolett Bódi Department of Physiology Anatomy and NeuroscienceFaculty of Science and InformaticsUniversity of SzegedSzeged H-6726Hungary

Diabetes,as a metabolic disorder,is accompanied with several gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms,like abdominal pain,gastroparesis,diarrhoea or *** and complex enteric nervous system damage is confirmed in the background of these diabetic motility *** anatomical length of the GI tract,as well as genetic,developmental,structural and functional differences between its segments contribute to the distinct,intestinal region-specific effects of *** observations support and highlight the importance of a regional approach in diabetes-related enteric *** large and microvessels are essential for the blood supply of enteric *** morpho-functional linkage exists between enteric neurons and enteroglia,however,there is also a reciprocal communication between enteric neurons and immune cells on which intestinal microbial composition has crucial *** this point of view,it is more appropriate to say that enteric neurons partake in multidirectional communication and interact with these key players of the intestinal *** interplays may differ from segment to segment,thus,the microenvironment of enteric neurons could be considered strictly *** goal of this review is to summarize the main tissue components and molecular factors,such as enteric glia cells,interstitial cells of Cajal,gut vasculature,intestinal epithelium,gut microbiota,immune cells,enteroendocrine cells,prooxidants,antioxidant molecules and extracellular matrix,which create and determine a gut region-dependent neuronal environment in diabetes.

关键词： Enteric neurons Neuronal environment Gut region specificity Type 1 diabetes,Hyperglycemia Microbiota-gut interactions

Soil moisture content as a predictor of soil disturbance caused by wheeled forest harvesting machines on soils of the Western Carpathians

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第2期28卷 283-289页

作者： Michal Allman Martin Jankovsk Valéria Messingerov Zuzana Allmanov Department of Forest Harvesting Logistics and AmeliorationsFaculty of ForestryTechnical University in ZvolenT.G.Masaryka 24960 53 ZvolenSlovakia

Limiting surface soil disturbance caused by forest harvesting machines is an important task and is influenced by the selection of efficient and reliable predictors of such disturbance. Our objective was to determine whether soil moisture content affects soil load bearing capacity and the formation of ruts. Measurements were conducted in six forest stands where various machines operated. We measured the formation of ruts along skid trails in connection with varying soil moisture content. Soil moisture content was determined through the gravimetric sampling method. Our results showed that severe（rut depth16–25 cm） to very severe disturbance（rut depth [26 cm）occurred in forest stands where the instantaneous soil moisture exceeded its plasticity limits defined through Atterberg limits. Atterberg limits of soil plasticity ranged from 26 to 32 % in individual stands. Regression and correlation analysis confirmed a moderately strong relationship（R = 0.52; p ／ 0.05） between soil moisture content and average rut depth. This confirmed that soil moisture is a suitable and effective predictor of soil disturbance.

关键词： disturbance moisture machines stands plasticity harvesting predictor moderately operated limits

Developing kNN forest data imputation for Catalonia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 142-155页

作者： Timo Pukkala Núria Aquilué Ariadna Just Jordi Corbera Antoni Trasobares Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia(CTFC) Crta.de St.Llorençde MorunysKm 225280 SolsonaSpain Cartographic and Geological Institute of Catalonia(ICGC) 08038 BarcelonaSpain

The combined use of LiDAR(Light Detection And Ranging)scanning and field inventories can provide spatially continuous wall-to-wall information on forest *** information can be used in many ways in forest mapping,scenario analyses,and forest manage-ment *** study aimed to find the optimal way to obtain continuous forest data for Catalonia when using kNN imputation(kNN stands for“k nearest neighbors”).In this method,data are imputed to a certain location from k field-measured sample plots,which are the most similar to the location in terms of LiDAR metrics and topographic *** multidimensional Euclidean distance was used as the similarity *** study tested two different methods to optimize the distance *** first method optimized,in the first step,the set of LiDAR and topographic variables used in the measure,as well as the transformations of these *** weights of the selected variables were optimized in the second *** other method optimized the variable set as well as their transformations and weights in one single *** two-step method that first finds the variables and their transfor-mations and subsequently optimizes their weights resulted in the best imputation *** the study area,the use of three to five nearest neighbors was *** and latitude turned out to be the most important variables when assessing the similarity of two locations of Catalan forests in the context of kNN data *** optimal distance measure always included both LiDAR metrics and topographic *** study showed that the optimal similarity measure may be different for different ***,it was suggested that kNN data imputation should always be started with the optimization of the measure that is used to select the k nearest neighbors.

关键词： Forest inventory Differential evolution Simulated annealing LiDAR

Data-driven models for ground and excited states for Single Atoms on Ceria

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1636-1643页

作者： Julian Geiger Albert Sabadell-Rendón Nathan Daelman Núria López Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia(ICIQ) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology(BIST)Avinguda Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain Universitat Rovira i Virgili Avinguda Catalunya3543002TarragonaSpain

Ceria-based single-atom catalysts present complex electronic structures due to the dynamic electron transfer between the metal atoms and the semiconductor oxide *** these materials implies retrieving all states in these electronic ensembles,which can be limiting if done via density functional ***,we propose a data-driven approach to obtain a parsimonious model identifying the appearance of dynamic charge transfer for the single atoms(SAs).We first constructed a database of(701)electronic configurations for the group 9–11 metals on CeO_(2)(100).Feature Selection based on predictive Elastic Net and Random Forest models highlights eight fundamental variables:atomic number,ionization potential,size,and metal coordination,metal–oxygen bond strengths,surface strain,and Coulomb *** these variables a Bayesian algorithm yields an expression for the adsorption energies of SAs in ground and low-lying excited *** work paves the way towards understanding electronic structure complexity in metal/oxide interfaces.

关键词： theory excited states

Rilmenidine prevents blood pressure increase in rats with compromised nitric oxide production

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第12期25卷 74-80页

作者： Mria GEROV,Jozef TRK,Ol’ga PECHV,Jana MATUKOV Institute ofNormal and Pathological Physiology SlovakAcademy of Sciences 813 71 Bratislava Slovak Republic Institute ofNormal and Pathological Physiology SlovakAcademy of Sciences 813 71 Bratislava Slovak Republic Institute ofNormal and Pathological Physiology SlovakAcademy of Sciences 813 71 Bratislava Slovak Republic Institute of Pathophysiology Medical School Comenius University Bratislava Slovak Republic Now in Center for Blood Research and Department of Pathology Harvard MedicalSchool Boston USA.

AIM: To search tools of high blood pressure in the model of nitric oxide (NO)-defective hypertension, and the study focused on the effect of rilmenidine, agonist of imidazoline receptors, which was suggested to modulate central sympathetic outflow. METHODS: Three experimental groups, each consisting of 7 rats, were used: (I) rats with inhibition of NO synthase (NOS) by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) 40 mg·kg-1·d-1 for 4 weeks in drinking water, (II) rats with inhibited NOS as in group I , plus agonist of imidazoline receptors rilmenidine 3 mg·kg-1·d-1 for 4weeks by gavage, and(III) control rats. Systolic blood pressure wasmeasured weekly noninvasively. At the end of experiment aortic ring isometric tension was followed, NOS expression (aorta, left ventricle), and NOS activity (left ventricle and brain) were determined. RESULTS: In the group I systolic blood pressure in- creased significantly, aortic ring relaxation to acetylcholine was significantly attenuated. Rilmenidine administered simultaneously with L-NAME (group II) prevented the increase of blood pressure which did not differ significantly from control values; aortic ring relaxation to acetylcholine did not differ from control. No change in NOS expres- sion (aorta and left ventricle) was found in groups I and II. Significant decline in NOS activity (left ventricle and brain) wasfound in groups I and II. CONCLUSION: Rilmenidinehas aremarkable role inNO-defective hypertension, possibly by inhibiting central sympathetic outflow and by affecting receptors in vascular smooth muscle also. The prime cause of hypertension in this experimental model - the compromised production of NO due to inhibition of NOS - was not affected by rilmenidine.

关键词： NO deficiency hypertension imidazoline receptor nitric-oxide synthase sympathetic activity

Fault Location Approach to Distribution Networks Based on Custom State Estimator

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第6期11卷 1878-1889页

作者： Luis F.Ugarte Madson C.de Almeida Luís H.T.Bandória IEEE Department of Systems and Energy State University of CampinasSão Paulo 13083-970Brazil

This paper presents a properly designed branchcurrent based state estimator(BCBSE)used as the main core ofan accurate fault location approach(FLA)devoted to distribution *** to the approaches available in the literature,it uses only a limited set of conventional measurementsobtained from smart meters to accurately locate faults at busesor branches without requiring measurements provided by phasor measurement units(PMUs).This is possible due to themethods used to model the angular reference and the faultedbus,in addition to the proper choice of the weights in the stateestimator(SE).The proposed approach is based on a searchingprocedure composed of up to three stages:①the identificationof the faulted zones;②the identification of the bus closest tothe fault;and③the location of the fault itself,searching onbranches connected to the bus closest to the ***,this paper presents a comprehensive assessment of the proposedapproach,even considering the presence of distributed generation,and a sensitivity study on the proper weights required bythe SE for fault location purposes,which can not be found inthe *** show that the proposed BCBSE-basedFLA is robust,accurate,and aligned with the requirements ofthe traditional and active distribution networks.

关键词： Active distribution network branch current based state estimator fault location smart meter