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On-farm Evaluation of Effect of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on Biomass and Yield of Millet/Cowpea Intercrop in the sahel, West Africa

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Journal of Life sciences 2014年第7期8卷 582-592页

作者： Hide Omae A. k. saidou satoshi Tobita Tropical Agriculture Research Front (TARF) Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS) 1091-1Maezato-Kawarabaru Ishigaki Okinawa 907-0002 Japan National Institute of Agronomic Research of Niger (INRAN) Niamey PO Box 429 Niger Crop Livestock and Environment Division Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS) TsukubaIbaraki 305-8686 Japan

To determine the best combinations of organic and mineral fertilizer applications under resource-limited conditions in the sahel, West Africa, on-farm experiments for two years in the Fak.ra region of western Niger is conducted. Ten treatments were tested; six of them received one of three organic fertilizers （none, millet husk., or manure）, with or without mineral fertilizer; two grew millet/（dual-purpose） cowpea intercrops with mineral fertilizer in 1：1 or 4：4 row arrangement; one grew a millet/（spreading） cowpea intercrop with manure; and one grew a millet/hibiscus intercrop with millet husk.. Manure increased total biomass by 127%- 147% （P 〈 0.001 ） and millet yield by 130%- 184% （P 〈 0.01 ）. Mineral fertilizer increased total biomass by 27% （P 〈 0.01 ） and millet yield by 24% （P 〈 0.05） in 2008. The N balance was greatest and positive in the manure treatment （P 〈 0.001）, followed by millet husk.. Mineral fertilizer on the intercropped dual-purpose cowpea increased the agronomic N use efficiency of millet by 329%-483% （P 〈 0.01） compared with manure. The use of small quantities of mineral fertilizer on the intercropped dual-purpose cowpea, therefore, is a best combination for limited N-resources-farmers. single manure, millet husk. plus mineral fertilizer, or year-alternative-application are also recommendable depends on farmers accessibility to the resources.

关键词： Millet cowpea intercrop manure mineral fertilizer millet husk. sandy soil nitrogen use efficiency.

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Investigation on mechanical properties and creep behavior of stir cast AZ91-siC_(p) composites

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2015年第1期3卷 16-22页

作者： Abhilash Viswanath H.Dieringa k.k.Ajith k.mar U.T.s.Pillai B.C.Pai CsIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary science and Technology Material Science and Technology DivisionThiruvananthapuram 695019India MagIC-Magnesium Innovation Centre Helmholtz-Zentrum GeesthachtMax-Planck-Strasse 1D-21502 GeesthachtGermany

The room temperature mechanical properties and high temperature creep behavior of AZ91 alloy reinforced with siC_(p) synthesized via stir casting have been *** mechanical properties showed improvement with respect to the amount of reinforcement *** creep testing of the composites carried out at a temperature of 175 ℃ under constant stress of 80,100 and 120 MPa reveals different creep characteristics depending upon the reinforcement content and the applied *** true stress exponents of different composites calculated from minimum creep rate indicate the possible mechanisms of creep deformation.

关键词： Composites Optical microscopy Mechanical properties Creep characteristics

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Corneal Cross Link.ng with Riboflavin for Progressive k.ratoconus in Paediatric Eyes

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2014年第3期4卷 90-99页

作者： Nishant Nawani Arun k. Jain Chintan s.ngh Department of Ophthalmology Advanced Eye Centre Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India

Purpose: To report visual, refractive and topographic outcomes after corneal collagen crosslink.ng (CXL) for progressive k.ratoconus in paediatric eyes. Methods: In this prospective interventional study, twenty eyes of eighteen patients with progressive k.ratoconus were included. All eyes underwent CXL with riboflavin after documented progression of the disease. Informed, written consent was tak.n from the parents of the patients. The patients were followed up for 6 months. Complete ophthalmic examination and scheimpflug imaging were performed at each visit. Reduction of the mean refractive cylinder, and corneal flattening were the main outcome measures. Results: The mean age of the patients was 13.55 years, (range: 9 - 16 yrs). The mean refractive cylinder reduced from a preoperative value of -5.26D to -4.66D (p = 0.10), -4.31D (p = 0.009), and, -4.10D (p = 0.003) at one, three and six months (postoperative) respectively. The mean average k.value increased from 51.88D to 52.18D (p = 0.64) at one month postoperatively and reduced thereafter to 51.28D (p = 0.32) and 51.54D (p = 0.02) at three and six months respectively. Thinnest pachymetry reduced very significantly from a mean preoperative value of 459.15 μm to 400.8 μm (p stoperatively at one, three and six months respectively. Best corrected visual acuity (decimal units) improved insignificantly from a preoperative value of 0.43 to 0.49 (p = 0.42) at six months postoperatively. Conclusion: short term results of corneal collagen crosslink.ng with riboflavin for progressive k.ratoconus in children are promising in terms of reduction in the mean refractive cylinder and flattening of the cornea, and appears effective in halting the progression of the disease in the paediatric age group. Long term follow up is required to assess the lasting effect of CXL in this age group.

关键词： Corneal Crosslink.ng Progressive k.ratoconus Paediatric Eyes

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A Cognitive Radio Receiver supporting Wide-Band sensing

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Wireless sensor Network 2009年第3期1卷 123-134页

作者： Volk.r BLAsCHk. Tobias RENk.Friedrich k. JONDRAL Institut für Nachrichtentechnik Universitat Karlsruhe(TH)KarlsruheGermany

The specification of IEEE 802.22 defines the world-wide first cognitive radio (CR) standard. Within a range of 40 MHz to 910 MHz CR systems are allowed to allocate spectrum besides the currently established radio services lik. radio and TV broadcasting. In order to fulfill the regulative guidelines of interference limita-tions, a capable spectral sensing and user detection has to be provided. Due to the wide frequency range specified in IEEE 802.22 and the high dynamic range of signals allocated in this band there are high de-mands on the CR receiver’s front-end. Especially the performance requirements on analog-to-digital con-verters increase significantly compared to current wireless systems. Based on measurements tak.n in this frequency range requirements to CR’s ADCs are figured out. Furthermore, the measurement results are ana-lyzed regarding expectable allocation scenarios and their impacts to spectral sensing. Derived from this re-sults and a comparison of general spectral sensing mechanisms an approach for a CR receiver supporting wide-band sensing is presented. Considering the apriori information resulting from scenario analysis and including adapted information processing in the terminal the ADC’s performance requirements can be re-duced.

关键词： Cognitive Radio IEEE 802.22 spectrum sensing A/D Conversion

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Rays’ Change of Directions between Inertial Frames and stellar Aberration

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Applied Mathematics 2015年第9期6卷 1553-1562页

作者： Caesar P. Viazminsk. Piere k. Vizminisk. Department of Physics Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL USA Department of Computer Engineering University of Detroit Mercy MI USA

The path of a light’s signal is one and the same in the universal space regardless of the inertial frame by which it is identified. However, only one frame can be tak.n stationary and identified with the universal space while all other frames are moving. The direction of the path of a light’s pulse in a moving frame is determined in terms of its direction in the stationary one;the result is utilized to explain stellar aberration and show that the tilted direction in the moving frame depends only on its velocity. The aberration increment vector is introduced and employed to determine the apparent position of a star at each point of the earth orbit. Aberration in an earth satellite relative to the geocentric frame is presented. The direction’s change of a light beam between graded inertial frames promotes explaining aberration in an earth’s satellite in parallel to stellar aberration on earth.

关键词： Direction’s Change of Light Rays stellar Aberration Aberration in a satellite Aberration Increment Graded Inertial Frames

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Resonant Length Formulations for Dual Band slot Cut Equilateral Triangular Microstrip Antennas

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Wireless Engineering and Technology 2010年第2期1卷 55-63页

作者： Amit A. Deshmuk. k. P. Ray 不详

The dual band equilateral triangular microstrip antennas are realized by cutting the slots of either quarter wave or half wave in length, inside the patch. In this design, however these simpler approximations of slot length against the frequency do not give closer results for different slot lengths and there positions inside the patch. In this paper, the modal variations of slot cut patch antennas over wide frequency range are studied. It is observed that the slot does not introduce any mode but reduces the higher order mode resonance frequency of the patch and along with the fundamental mode realizes dual band response. The formulations of the resonant length for the mode introduce by the slots in these antennas are proposed. The resonance frequencies calculated using proposed formulations agree well with the simulated results with an error of less than 5%.

关键词： Equilateral Triangular Microstrip Antenna Dual Band Microstrip Antenna U-slot Pair of Rectangular slots

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A New Method of Construction of Robust second Order Rotatable Designs Using Balanced Incomplete Block.Designs

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Open Journal of statistics 2012年第1期2卷 39-47页

作者： B. Re. Victorbabu k. Rajyalak.hmi 不详

The following article has been retracted due to the investigation of complaints received against it. Title: A New Method of Construction of Robust second Order Rotatable Designs Using Balanced Incomplete Block.Designs Authors: Bejjam Re. Victorbabu, k.ttapalli Rajyalak.hmi. The above paper is a copy of Dr. Rabindra Nath Das’s former article, entitled '“Robust second order rotatable designs (Part I)”. The scientific community tak.s a very strong view on this matter and we solemnly withdrawn?the paper from the journal OJs. This paper published in OJs Vol.2 No.1, 39-47, 2012, has been retracted.

关键词： Response surface Designs Rotatability second Order Rotatable Designs (sORD) Robust sORD Robustness Balanced Incomplete Block Designs

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Assessment of heavy metal contamination in vegetables consumed in Zanzibars

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Natural science 2012年第8期4卷 588-594页

作者： Najat k. Mohammed Fatma O. k.amis Department of Physics University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania

samples of amaranth and cabbage from Zanzibar were analyzed for heavy metal concentrations using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF) of Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission (TAEC) in Arusha. Thirty samples of amaranth and twenty five samples of cabbage were collected from four farms and two mark.ts at Urban West Region in Zanzibar. The concentrations of Al, Cl, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, Cu, Ag, I, Br, Cd and Pb are presented and discussed. Amaranth had significant (P s of Zn, Fe, Cr and Mn than cabbage, whilst Cd, Ni and Pb were significantly (P s of the essential elements were in the range reported in literature, Pb and Cd were in concentrations above FAO/ WHO maximum tolerable limits.

关键词： Heavy Metals Contamination Amaranth Cabbage Zanzibar EDXRF

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Assessment and Development of Two Phase Turbulent Mixing Models for subchannel Analysis Relevant to BWR

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World Journal of Nuclear science and Technology 2014年第4期4卷 195-207页

作者： Mohit P. sharma Arun k. Nayak Homi Bhabha National Institute Mumbai India Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Reactor Engineering Division Mumbai India

Determination of turbulent mixing rate of two phase flow between neighboring subchannels is an important aspect of sub channel analysis in reactor rod bundles. Various models have been developed for two phase turbulent mixing rate between subchannels. These models show that turbulent mixing rate is strongly dependent on flow regimes;their validity was examined against specific or limited experiments. It is vital to evaluate these models by comparing the predicted two phase turbulent mixing rate with available experimental data conducted for various subchannel geometries and operating conditions. This paper describes evaluation of different models for two phase turbulent mixing rate for both gas and liquid phase against large range of experimental data which are obtained from various subchannel geometries. The results indicate that there is large discrepancy between the predicted and experimental data for turbulent mixing rate. This paper provides important shortcoming of the previous work.and need for the development of a new model. In the view of this, a two phase flow model is presented, which predicts both liquid and gas phase turbulent mixing rate between adjacent sub channels of reactor rod bundles. The model presented here is for slug churn flow regime, which is dominant as compared to the other regimes lik. bubbly flow and annular flow regimes, since turbulent mixing rate is the highest in slug churn flow regime. The present model has been tested against low pressure and temperature air-water and high pressure and temperature steam-water experimental data found that it shows good agreement with available experimental data.

关键词： subchannel Analysis Two Phase Turbulent Mixing Model Turbulent Mixing Rate

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Mathematical model for smoking： Effect of determination and education

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2015年第1期8卷 1-14页

作者： Anuradha Yadav Prashant k. srivastava Anuj k.mar Department of Mathematics School of Basic Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Patna Patna Bihar 13 India

We propose and analyze mathematical models to study the dynamics of smoking behavior under the influence of educational programs and also individual＇s determination to quit smoking. We establish the positivity and boundedness of the solutions in a biologically feasible region. A threshold value responsible for persistence of smoking is obtained and stability analysis on models is performed. We find that determination alone is not enough to eradicate smoking but it can reduce the prevalence of smoker population. Whereas the increase in education can possibly eradicate it. We performed numerical simulation for representative set of parameters to verify and discuss results obtained analytically.

关键词： smoking determination education global stability Lyapunov function

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