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Wa.er Hya.0}nth c.ntrol by Glyphosa.e Herbic.de a.d Its Impa.0} on Wa.er Qua.ity

Journa. of Wa.er Resourc. a.d Protec.ion 2020年第1期12卷 60-73页

作者： Eva.dro L. c. Souza.José T. Filho Ediva.do D. Velini José R. M. Silva.Kelly c. Tonello Luiz L. Foloni a.mílson c. ba.bosa.thiago a. freato Sc.ool of a.ric.ltura. Engineering State University of Campinas Campinas Brazil Depa.tment of Pla.t Breeding a. Protec.ion College of Agricultural Sciences Sao Paulo State University Botucatu Braz Depa.ta.ent of Environmenta. Sc.enc.s Federal University of São Carlos Sorocaba Brazil Empresa.Metropolita.a.de água. e Energia.S.a. (EMa.) São Paulo Brazil c.nter of Meteorologic.l a.d c.ima.e Resea.c.ers a.plied to a.ric.lture State University of Campinas Campinas Brazil

The a.m of this study wa. to eva.ua.e the herbic.de glyphosa.e under a.ua.ic.environment c.nditions, in a.c.ntrolled a.d c.osed experimenta. field, in the ma.a.ement of wa.er hya.0}nth (Eic.hornia.c.a.sipes) in reservoirs. Twenty reservoirs (polyethylene wa.er ta.ks) with stora.e c.pa.0}ty of 1000 liters were used, without wa.er flow a.d without eva.otra.spired wa.er repla.0}ment (worst c.se), being 04 for ea.0} trea.ment. The a.ult pla.ts were pla.0}d in the wa.er ta.ks to provide 90% surfa.0} oc.upa.ion of the reservoir. Five trea.ments with four repetitions were c.nsidered, being: 1) Reservoir c.lonized by wa.er hya.0}nth without c.ntrol;2) Reservoir c.lonized by wa.er hya.0}nth, c.ntrolled by glyphosa.e;3) Reservoir c.lonized by wa.er hya.0}nth, c.ntrolled by freezing;4) Reservoir without wa.er hya.0}nth a.d glyphosa.e a.plic.tion a.d 5) Reservoir without wa.er hya.0}nth a.d no glyphosa.e a.plic.tion. The glyphosa.e herbic.de wa. used a. the highest rec.mmended dose, 7.0 L·ha.1 or 3360 g of a.0}d equiva.ent per ha. a.plied using c.rbon dioxide prec.sion equipment (bac.pa.0} spra.er), providing a.flow ra.e of 200 L·ha.1. The wa.er sa.ples were c.llec.ed a. the time of a.plic.tion, 6, 12, 18 a.d 24 hours a.ter a.plic.tion a.d a.so a. 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 a.d 64 da.s a.ter a.plic.tion, in the morning, a.wa.s a. the sa.e time, a.so between 8 a.d 9 h. The method used for determina.ion of residues wa. by high performa.c. liquid c.roma.ogra.hy (HPLc. a.d ma.s spec.rometry with a.ma.s selec.ive detec.or. Low c.nc.ntra.ions of glyphosa.e a.d a.inomethylphosphonic.a.0}d (a.Pa. were found in both reservoirs tha. rec.ived a.plic.tion of the produc.. The ha.f-life of glyphosa.e in wa.er to the reservoirs with wa.er hya.0}nth wa. 11 da.s a.d in the reservoirs without wa.er hya.0}nth wa. 21 da.s. The results show a.low potentia. of environmenta. impa.0} of glyphosa.e use in the c.ntrol of wa.er hya.0}nth in reservoirs.

关键词： Eic.hornia c.a.sipes Weed c.ntrol Herbic.des Environmenta. Impa.0}

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Effic.c. of Glyphosa.e in Wa.er Ma.a.ement a.d the Effec.s on Wa.er Qua.ity

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Journa. of Wa.er Resourc. a.d Protec.ion 2020年第1期12卷 50-59页

作者： Eva.dro L. c. Souza.José T. Filho Ediva.do D. Velini José R. M. Silva.Kelly c. Tonello Luiz L. Foloni Germa. D. D. Gonza.ez a.milson c. ba.bosa.thiago a. freato Sc.ool of a.ric.ltura. Engineering State University of Campinas Campinas Brazil Depa.tment of Pla.t Breeding a. Protec.ion College of Agricultural Sciences Sao Paulo State University Botucatu Brazi Depa.ta.ent of Environmenta. Sc.enc.s Federal University of São Carlos Sorocaba Brazil Empresa.Metropolita.a.de água. e Energia.S.a. (EMa.) São Paulo Brazil c.nter of Meteorologic.l a.d c.ima.e Resea.c.ers a.plied to a.ric.lture State University of Campinas Campinas Brazil

The present work a.med to eva.ua.e the beha.ior of glyphosa.e herbic.de in a.ua.ic.environment, c.nsidering some wa.er qua.ity pa.a.eters, in reservoir c.nditions without flow a.d without repla.0}ment of eva.otra.spired wa.er. Twenty reservoirs (polyethylene wa.er ta.ks) with a.stora.e c.pa.0}ty of 1000 liters were used. The rec.mmended herbic.de dose a.0}ording to the ma.ufa.0}urer wa. 7.0 L or 3360 gra.s of a.0}d equiva.ent per hec.a.e. For a.plic.tion in the reservoirs, a.prec.sion equipment wa. used to c.rbon dioxide (c.2), providing a.flow of 200 L·ha.1. Freezing ma.0}ophyte dea.h wa. a.0}ieved by storing the pla.ts in a.freezer a. -18°c.for a.period of 48 hours. The a.a.yses of c.ntrol effic.enc. were performed a. 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 a.d 42 da.s a.ter a.plic.tion (Da.). Wa.er sa.ples for a.a.ysis of qua.ity indic.tors, pH a.d dissolved oxygen were c.llec.ed weekly for nine weeks. The obta.ned result a.lows c.nc.uding tha. the herbic.de glyphosa.e presented exc.llent c.ntrol effic.enc. of wa.er hya.0}nth a.d did not signific.ntly a.ter the wa.er qua.ity pa.a.eters pH a.d dissolved oxygen, indic.ting its use in the ma.a.ement of this ma.0}ophyte.

关键词： Herbic.de pH Dissolved Oxygen Environmenta. Impa.0}

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Epidemiologic.Study of Ra.ula.ia.a.eola.under Different Soil c.vers a.d Spa.0}ngs,for c.tton c.ops

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a.eric.n Journa. of Pla.t Sc.enc.s 2013年第11期4卷 2049-2059页

作者： Ja.ueline a.uilla.Pizza.o Deja.ia.Vieira.a.a.jo milson Eva.do Sera.im Kelly La.a.a.a.jo Riva.ildo Da.la.1}rt thiago a.exa.dre Sa.ta.a.Gílio Ja.r Roma.o Jr Va.derlei a.tunes Ma.1}el Progra.a.de Pós-gra.ua.0}o em a.biente e Sistema. de Produc.o a.ríc.la Universidade do Estado de Mato GrossoTangaráda SerraBrasil Instituto Federa. de Educ.c.o Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso—IFMTCáceresBrasil La.ora.ório de Melhora.ento Genétic. Vegeta..Universida.e do Esta.o de Ma.o Grosso CáceresBrasil Progra.a.de Pós-gra.ua.0}o em Genétic. e Melhora.ento de Pla.ta. Universidade do Estado de Mato GrossoTangaráda SerraBrasil La.ora.ório de Fitopa.ologia Universidade do Estado de Mato GrossoTangaráda SerraBrasil

The objec.ive of this work wa. to eva.ua.e the progress of the a.eola.e mildew of c.tton under different soil c.ver a.d spa.0}ng c.nditions. The experiment wa. c.rried out using ra.domized bloc.s a.d a.2 × 3 fa.0}oria. design, with two spa.0}ngs (0.45 m a.d 0.90 m) a.d three soil c.vers (no c.ver, Pennisetum gla.c.m a.d c.ota.a.ia.spec.a.ilis) with four replic.tions. The pla.ts were inoc.la.ed with R. a.eola. sixty Da.. a.tota. of 14 eva.ua.ions of disea.e severity were performed. a. the lower, middle a.d upper thirds of pla.ts, a.dia.ra. sc.le with nine levels of severity wa. used a.d the resulting da.a.were c.nverted into the a.DPc. Gompertz, logistic. a.d monomolec.la. ma.hema.ic.l models were tested in the disea.e severity c.rves for ea.0} third. a.ronomic. c.a.a.0}eristic. were eva.ua.ed a. well. Signific.nt differenc.s of a.DPc.were found for the c.tton pla.ts thirds, a.d the middle third wa. the highest a.DPc. Signific.nt differenc. for the lower a.d upper thirds, whose a.DPc.were highest on 0.90 m spa.0}ng, wa. observed too. The disea.e progress c.rves of the thirds did not fit the tested models. Signific.nt results to the both c.vers situa.ions, where the trea.ments grown on c.ota.ária.c.ver a.d without c.ver ha. highest a.DPc. were evidenc.d. The trea.ments with c. spec.a.ilis c.ver were ta.ler tha. other trea.ments. Signific.nt da.a.were observed for the c.ver c.ops used a.d in the trea.ments grown a. 0.90 m spa.0}ng, to residua. c.ver a.d c.op yield, respec.ively.

关键词： Pennisetum gla.c.m c.ota.a.ia.spec.a.ilis a.eola.e Mildew High-Density c.ops a.d No-Till

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