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Using economic instruments to overcome obstacles to in situ conservation of biodiversity

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Integrative Zoology 2006年第1期1卷 25-31页

作者： Jeffrey a.mcneely IUCN-The World Conservation Union GlandSwitzerland

The leading direct cause of the loss of biodiversity is habitat alteration and *** we are to address this cause directly,we need to find ways of changing the behavior of rural *** has shown that this is done most effectively through the use of economic instruments,ranging from taxes that discourage over-exploitation,to direct payments for conservation activities carried out by rural land-owners or those occupying the *** many parts of the world,governments provide incentives such as tax breaks to private *** countries recognize specific use rights on particular parts of the land,enabling the land-owners to earn appropriate *** many protected areas have resident human populations,it is especially important that they be encouraged to contribute to the objectives of the protected area,and economic incentives offer an important way of doing so;they might,for example,be given employment in the protected area or in associated tourism *** payments to farmers for conserving watersheds is becoming increasingly popular,in both developed and developing *** conservation will require both removing perverse subsidies and developing a wide range of approaches for rewarding land-owners for biodiversity conservation activities.

关键词： ecosystem services incentives indigenous peoples protected areas resource rights

A zoological perspective on payments for ecosystem services

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Integrative Zoology 2007年第2期2卷 68-78页

作者： Jeffrey a.mcneely IUCN–The World Conservation Union GlandSwitzerland

The concept of payments for ecosystem services is being developed as an important means of providing a more diverse flow of benefits to people living in and around habitats valuable for *** Kyoto Protocol,under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,includes a Clean Development Mechanism to provide for payments for certain forms of carbon sequestration that may benefit animal species(at least as an incidental benefit).Other market-based approaches for paying for carbon sequestration services outside the Kyoto framework are being promoted in various parts of the *** common form of payment for ecosystem services is compensating upstream landowners for managing their land in ways that maintain downstream water quality;this can include habitat management that benefits wild animal *** biodiversity itself is difficult to value,it can be linked to other markets,such as certification in the case of sustainably-produced forest *** paper expands on some of the markets for ecosystem services that also benefit wildlife,identifies relevant sources of information,and highlights some of the initiatives linking such markets to poverty *** markets work for ecosystem services requires an appropriate policy framework,government support,operational institutional support,and innovation at scales from the site level to the national *** have much to contribute to all of these steps.

关键词： biodiversity carbon trading ecosystem services payments watersheds

Systems or species? Approaches to conservation for the 21st century

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Integrative Zoology 2006年第2期1卷 86-95页

作者： Jeffrey a.mcneely IUCN-The World Conservation Union GlandSwitzerland

One of the hot debates in the conservation community is whether to focus on individual species(for example,through species recovery plans,or lists of threatened species)or on systems approaches(such as the ecosystem approach advocated by the Convention on Biological Diversity).This paper will discuss some of the various options,before reaching a conclusion that both approaches are valid and mutually reinforcing,and that the dichotomy is a false *** more importantly,no conservation investment is likely to be effective if economic,social,and political factors are driving in the opposite ***,we need multiple approaches that build a stronger political constituency,new ways of providing knowledge for decisions,better ways of mobilizing information and dynamic approaches that enable us to adapt to changing conditions,and new ways to generate funding for conservation.

关键词： biodiversity conservation ecosystem approach protected areas species

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21世纪的保护区：为社会利益而工作

世界环境 2002年第1期 44-47页

作者： Jeffrey a.mcneely 朱广庆世界自然保护同盟生物多样性首席科学家

当今保护区面临着前所未有的挑战和机遇，人与资源的关系是保护区工作的关键。保护区随着社会的发展而发展，保护自然需要更加灵活的管理措施，保护区与人的关系更为密切，保护服务和推动保护区毗邻区域的发展正在成为重要目标，这些都... 详细信息

当今保护区面临着前所未有的挑战和机遇，人与资源的关系是保护区工作的关键。保护区随着社会的发展而发展，保护自然需要更加灵活的管理措施，保护区与人的关系更为密切，保护服务和推动保护区毗邻区域的发展正在成为重要目标，这些都将有利于保护区域的生物多样性，未来保护区将为社会利益而工作。

关键词：自然保护区 21世纪社会利益保护区管理

Associations between health-related fitness and patient-reported symptoms in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 851-862页

作者： Ki-Yong An Fernanda Z.Arthuso Myriam Filion Spencer J.Allen Stephanie M.Ntoukas Gordon J.Bell Jessica McNeil Qinggang Wang Margaret L.mcneely Jeff K.Vallance Lin Yang S.Nicole Culos-Reed Leanne Dickau John R.Mackey Christine M.Friedenreich Kerry S.Courneya Faculty of Kinesiology Sportand RecreationCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada Department of Kinesiology School of Health and Human SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at GreensboroGreensboroNC 27412USA Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Cancer Care AlbertaAlberta Health ServicesCalgary T2S 3C3Canada Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada Faculty of Health Disciplines Athabasca UniversityAthabasca T9S 3A3Canada Department of Oncology Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 4N1Canada Faculty of Kinesiology University of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada

Background:Newly diagnosed breast cancer patients experience symptoms that may affect their quality of life,treatment outcomes,and *** and managing breast cancer-related symptoms soon after diagnosis is *** purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between health-related fitness(HRF)and patient-reported symptoms in newly diagnosed breast cancer ***:This study utilized baseline data from the Alberta Moving Beyond Breast Cancer Cohort Study that were collected within 90 days of *** measures included peak cardiopulmonary fitness(peak volume of oxygen consumption(VO_(2peak))),maximal muscular strength and endurance,flexibility,and body *** measures included depression,sleep quality,and *** multivariable logistic regression was performed for ***:Of 1458 participants,51.5%reported poor sleep quality,26.5%reported significant fatigue,and 10.4%reported moderate *** multivariable-adjusted models,lower relative VO_(2peak)was independently associated with a greater likelihood of all symptom measures,including moderate depression(p<0.001),poor sleep quality(p=0.009),significant fatigue(p=0.008),any symptom(p<0.001),and multiple symptoms(p<0.001).VO_(2peak)demonstrated threshold associations with all symptom measures such that all 3 lower quartiles exhibited similar elevated risk compared to the highest *** strength of the threshold associations varied by the symptom measure with odds ratios ranging from-1.5 for poor sleep quality to-3.0 for moderate depression and multiple ***,lower relative upper body muscular endurance was also independently associated with fatigue in a dose-response manner(p=0.001),and higher body weight was independently associated with poor sleep quality in an inverted U pattern(p=0.021).Conclusion:Relative VO_(2peak)appears to be a critical HRF component associated with multiple patient-reported symptoms in newly diag

关键词： Breast cancer Fatigue Depression Sleep quality Cardiorespiratory fitness

Biodiversity, Conservation and Protected Areas can Contribute to Development in Asia： how Local Communities

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生物多样性 1994年第B11期2卷 75-87页

作者： JEFFREY A. mcneely Chief Biodiversity Officer IUCN 1196 Gland Swizerland

Investigating the impact of preoperative corneal astigmatism orientation on the postoperative spherical equivalent refraction following intraocular lens implantation

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Eye and Vision 2018年第1期5卷 70-77页

作者： Richard N.mcneely Salissou Moutari Eric Pazo Jonathan E.Moore Cathedral Eye Clinic 89-91 Academy StreetBelfastCounty Antrim BT12 LSNorthern IrelandUK Biomedical Sciences Research Institute University of UlsterColeraineNorthern IrelandUK School of Mathematics and Physics Queens University BelfastBelfastNorthern IrelandUK

Background:To investigate the impact of the orientation of preoperative corneal astigmatism on achieving the postoperative target refraction following monofocal intraocular lens(IOL)***:This study enrolled 339 eyes who had uneventful cataract surgery or refractive lens exchange(RLE)with subsequent monofocal IOL *** were initially categorized dependent upon axial length and then on the orientation of preoperative anterior corneal *** 1 had against-the-rule(ATR)anterior corneal astigmatism,group 2 had with-the-rule(WTR)anterior corneal astigmatism,and group 3 had oblique(OB)anterior corneal *** preoperative corneal astigmatism was determined by the IOLMaster(Carl Zeiss Meditec AG).Postoperative refraction was completed for all eyes,and the results were calculated and compared for the separate ***:In eyes with axial lengths greater than 22.0 mm and less than 25.0 mm there was a significant difference between the magnitude of preoperative corneal astigmatism between groups 2 and 3 with 0.827±0.376 D in group 2,and 0.677±0.387 D in group *** mean postoperative spherical equivalent(SE)prediction error was−0.132±0.475 D in group 1,0.026±0.497 D in group 2,and−0.130±0.477 D in group *** was a significant difference between groups 1 and *** was no significant difference in the magnitude of preoperative corneal astigmatism and postoperative SE prediction error between the anterior corneal astigmatism orientation groups in eyes with axial lengths of less than or equal to 22.0 mm and greater than or equal to 25.0 ***:The orientation of preoperative anterior corneal astigmatism significantly affected the postoperative biometry prediction error in eyes with astigmatism of 1.75 D or less in eyes with the axial length between 22.0 mm and 25.0 ***,the results were not clinically significant.

关键词： Biometry accuracy Prediction error Corneal astigmatism With-the-rule astigmatism Against-the-rule astigmatism Oblique astigmatism

USING ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS TO OVERCOME OBSTACLES TO IN SITU CONSERVATION

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USING ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS TO OVERCOME OBSTACLES TO IN SITU ...

经营叶轮成品的特博坎公司：五轴加工专家专注生产各种叶轮从一般透平机械到

第十九届国际动物学大会

作者： Jeff mcneely Chief Scientist IUCN Switzerland

＜正＞The reasons for the loss of biodiversity are now well identified, both as site-specific problems such as over-utilisation , and at the larger systemic level such as climate change and inappropriate development models. This paper will review many of the new economic instruments that are being mobilised to recognise the multiple values of ecosystems that retain their full complement of species. Focusing especially on the value of ecosystem services, examples

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内燃机世界 2000年第3期5卷 42-43页

作者： Mark mcneely