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Spectral vegetation indices as the indicator of canopy photosynthetic productivity in a deciduous broadleaf forest

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第5期6卷 393-407页

作者： Hiroyuki muraoka Hibiki m.Noda Shin Nagai Takeshi motohka Taku m.Saitoh Kenlo N.Nasahara Nobuko Saigusa Institute for Basin Ecosystem Studies Gifu University1-1 YanagidoGifu501-1193 Japan Faculty of Life and Environment Sciences University of TsukubaTsukuba305-8572 Japan Research Institute for Global Change Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology(JAMSTEC)Yokohama236-0001 Japan Earth Observation Research Center Japan Aerospace Exploration AgencyTsukuba305-8505 Japan Center for Global Environmental Research National Institute for Environmental StudiesTsukuba205-8506 Japan

Aims Understanding of the ecophysiological dynamics of forest canopy photosynthesis and its spatial and temporal scaling is crucial for revealing ecological response to climate *** observations and analyses of plant ecophysiology and optical remote sensing would enable us to achieve these *** order to examine the utility of spectral vegetation indices(VIs)for assessing ecosystem-level photosynthesis,we investigated the relationships between canopy-scale photosynthetic productivity and canopy spectral reflectance over seasons for 5 years in a cool,temperate deciduous broadleaf forest at‘Takayama’super site in central *** daily photosynthetic capacity was assessed by in situ canopy leaf area index(LAI),(LAI×Vcmax[single-leaf photosynthetic capacity]),and the daily maximum rate of gross primary production(GPPmax)was estimated by an ecosystem carbon cycle *** examined five VIs:normalized difference vegetation index(NdVI),enhanced vegetation index(EVI),green–red vegetation index(GRVI),chlorophyll index(CI)and canopy chlorophyll index(CCI),which were obtained by the in situ measurements of canopy spectral *** Findings Our in situ observation of leaf and canopy characteristics,which were analyzed by an ecosystem carbon cycling model,revealed that their phenological changes are responsible for seasonal and interannual variations in canopy *** correlations were found between the five VIs and canopy photosynthetic capacity over the seasons and years;four of the VIs showed hysteresis-type relationships and only CCI showed rather linear *** the VIs examined,we applied EVI–GPPmax relationship to EVI data obtained by moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer to estimate the temporal and spatial variation in GPPmax over central *** findings would improve the accuracy of satellite-based estimate of forest photosynthetic productivity in fine spatial and temporal resolutions,which are

关键词： canopy photosynthesis deciduous broadleaf forest phenology remote sensing vegetation index

Search for the doubly cha.m.d baryon ■

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Science China(Physics,mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第2期63卷 8-22页

作者： R.Aaij C.Abellán Beteta T.Ackernley B.Adeva m.Adinolfi H.Afsharnia C.A.Aidala S.Aiola Z.Ajaltouni S.Akar P.Albicocco J.Albrecht F.Alessio m.Alexander A.Alfonso Albero G.Alkhazov P.Alvarez Cartelle A.A.Alves Jr S.Amato Y.Amhis L.An L.Anderlini G.Andreassi m.Andreotti F.Archilli J.Arnau Romeu A.Artamonov m.Artuso K.Arzymatov E.Aslanides m.Atzeni B.Audurier S.Bachmann J.J.Back S.Baker V.Balagura W.Baldini A.Baranov R.J.Barlow S.Barsuk W.Barter m.Bartolini F.Baryshnikov G.Bassi V.Batozskaya B.Batsukh A.Battig V.Battista A.Bay m.Becker F.Bedeschi I.Bediaga A.Beiter L.J.Bel V.Belavin S.Belin N.Beliy V.Bellee K.Belous I.Belyaev G.Bencivenni E.Ben-Haim S.Benson S.Beranek A.Berezhnoy *** d.Berninghoff H.C.Bernstein E.Bertholet A.Bertolin C.Betancourt F.Betti m.O.Bettler Ia.Bezshyiko S.Bhasin J.Bhom m.S.Bieker S.Bifani P.Billoir A.Birnkraut A.Bizzeti m.Bjφrn m.P.Blago T.Blake F.Blanc S.Blusk d.Bobulska V.Bocci O.Boente Garcia T.Boettcher A.Boldyrev A.Bondar N.Bondar S.Borghi m.Borisyak m.Borsato J.T.Borsuk T.J.V.Bowcock C.Bozzi S.Braun A.Brea Rodriguez m.Brodski J.Brodzicka A.Brossa Gonzalo d.Brundu E.Buchanan A.Buonaura C.Burr A.Bursche J.S.Butter J.Buytaert W.Byczynski S.Cadeddu H.Cai R.Calabrese S.Cali R.Calladine m.Calvi m.Calvo Gomez A.Camboni P.Campana d.H.Campora Perez L.Capriotti A.Carbone G.Carboni R.Cardinale A.Cardini P.Carniti K.Carvalho Akiba A.Casais Vidal G.Casse m.Cattaneo G.Cavallero R.Cenci J.Cerasoli m.G.Chapman m.Charles Ph.Charpentier G.Chatzikonstantinidis m.Chefdeville V.Chekalina C.Chen S.Chen A.Chernov S.-G.Chitic V.Chobanova m.Chrzaszcz A.Chubykin P.Ciambrone m.F.Cicala X.Cid Vidal G.Ciezarek F.Cindolo P.E.L.Clarke m.Clemencic H.V.Cliff J.Closier J.L.Cobbledick V.Coco J.A.B.Coelho J.Cogan E.Cogneras L.Cojocariu P.Collins T.Colombo A.Comerma-montells A.Contu N.Cooke G.Coombs S.Coquereau G.Corti C.m.Costa Sobral B.Couturier d.C.Craik J.Crkovska A.Crocombe m.Cruz Torres R.Currie C.L.da Silva E.dall'Occo J.dalseno C.d'Ambrosio A.danilina P.d'Argent A.davis O.de Aguiar Francisco K.de Bruyn S.de Capua m Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas(CBPF) Rio de JaneiroBrazil Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ) Rio de JaneiroBrazil Center for High Energy Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Institute Of High Energy Physics(IHEP) BeijingChina Institute of Particle Physics Central China Normal UniversityWuhanHubeiChina Univ.Grenoble Alpes Univ.Savoie Mont BlancCNRSIN2P3-LAPPAnnecyFrance Universite Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3LPCClermont-FerrandFrance Aix marseille Univ CNRS/IN2P3CPPMMarseilleFrance LAL Univ.Paris-SudCNRS/IN2P3Universite Paris-SaclayOrsayFrance LPNHE Sorbonne Universite Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cite CNRS/IN2P3ParisFrance I.Physikalisches Institut RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Fakultat Physik Technische Universitat DortmundDortmundGermany max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik(mPIK) HeidelbergGermany Physikalisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universitat HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany School of Physics University College DublinDublinIreland INFN Sezione di Bari BariItaly INFN Sezione di Bologna BolognaItaly INFN Sezione di Ferrara FerraraItaly INFN Sezione di Firenze FirenzeItaly INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati FrascatiItaly INFN Sezione di Genova GenovaItaly INFN Sezione di milano-Bicocca MilanoItaly INFN Sezione di milano MilanoItaly INFN Sezione di Cagliari MonserratoItaly INFN Sezione di Padova PadovaItaly INFN Sezione di Pisa PisaItaly INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata RomaItaly INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza RomaItaly Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics AmsterdamNetherlands Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam AmsterdamNetherlands Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences KrakowPoland AGH-University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer ScienceKrakowPoland Natio

A search for the doubly cha.m.d baryon ■^+cc is performed through its decay to theΛ^+c K^-π^+ final state,using proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of 7,8 and 13 *** data correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb^-*** significant signal is observed in the mass range from 3.4 to 3.8 GeV/c^*** limits are set at 95%credibility level on the ratio of the ■^+cc production cross-section times the branching fraction to that ofΛ^+c and ■^++cc *** limits are determined as functions of the ■^+cc mass for different lifetime hypotheses,in the rapidity range from 2.0 to 4.5 and the transverse momentum range from 4 to 15 GeV/c.

关键词： cha.m.d baryons limits on production of particles cha.m.d quarks experimental tests

STRUCTURAL dETERmINATION OF TITANIUm-OXIdE NANOPARTICLES BY X-RAY ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2002年第1期15卷 53-57页

作者： Z.Y. Wu J. Zhang K. Ibrahim m.I. Abbas G. Li Y. Tao T.d. Hu F.Q. Liu H.J. Qian Y.N. Xie Q.H. Zhang L. Gao Z.Z. Chen Beijing Synchrotron Radiat. Facility Inst. of High Energy Phys. Chinese Acad. of Sci. Beijing 100039 China

As a potential application of titanium-oxide nanoparticles, it is extremely important to investigate a detailed picture of the surface and interior structural properties of nanocrystalline materials, such as rutile and anatase with diameters 7.0 and 4.5nm, respectively. X-ray absorption spectroscopy has been used to identify the local Ti environment and related electronic structure. We combine the experimental results at the Ti edge in both bulk and nano-crystals to determine the lattice distortion in terms of differently characteristic preedge features and the variation in the multiple-scattering region of X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra. The relationship between the transition peaks and the surface-to volume ratio is also discussed.

关键词： X-ray absorption near edge structure nano particle transition metal oxide

Experimental Investigation and modelling for the Optimisation of Conduction Cooled HTS Hybrid Current Leads for SmES

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2003年第1期9卷 16-20页

作者：程德威王惠龄 Spiller d m Huang Y B 饶荣水唐跃进 SuperconductingElectricPowerResearchanddevelopmentCentre HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology BICCSuperconductors OakRoad

It′s important that HTS tapes have lower thermal conductivity and higher transversal resistivity in order to reduce the heat leaks conducted along the tapes and AC losses in the high temperature superconducting system conduction cooled by Gm coolers. This paper presents an experimental investigation into the effects of pure Ag and AgAu alloys sheath materials on the properties of Bi(2223) multifilamentary tapes and the optimisation of conduction cooled hybrid current leads made from copper and Bi(2223)/Ag or Bi(2223)/AgAu tapes. The thermal conductivity of the tapes were measured by cryogenic steady heat flux method and the resistance was measured by using standard dC four probe method at low temperature. The results showed that the reduction of thermal conductivity by the addition of Au into the sheath material of Bi(2223) tapes was 65 0 0, 75 0 0 and 85 0 0 lower than that of pure Ag sheathed Bi(2223) tapes and the increase of resistivity was 4.9 , 10 and 19.4 times higher than that of pure Ag for the addition of 2.2 0 0, 5.7 0 0 and 10.7 0 0Au(atom ratio) respectively. And the study also attempts to optimise thermodynamically the conduction cooled hybrid current lead by using a developed model, which took the irreversibility of commercial Gm coolers, the contact resistance and thermal conductance into account. Predictions from the model showed that AgAu alloys were suitable candidate materials to replace Ag as sheath material of Bi(2223) tapes applied in HTS current leads. In addition, Bi(2223)/AgAu was a suitable material to be applied as the HTS section of hybrid current leads in conduction cooled superconducting electric systems.

关键词： Bi(2223) tape thermodynamic optimisation current lead conduction cooled superconducting magnetic energy storage

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美国高能激光武器系统

国外舰船工程 1996年第7期 21-29,14页

作者： d．m．FERREIRA 袁丰节等

反舰巡航导弹的出现，对水面舰船自卫提出了最大的挑战，以致为了对付这种威胁，必须发展更先进昂贵的舰对空导弹。法国研制的新一代反舰巡航导弹将能够以几马赫速度贴近海面掠海飞行，在终端飞阶段执行规避机动飞行。这样一种威胁类型... 详细信息

反舰巡航导弹的出现，对水面舰船自卫提出了最大的挑战，以致为了对付这种威胁，必须发展更先进昂贵的舰对空导弹。法国研制的新一代反舰巡航导弹将能够以几马赫速度贴近海面掠海飞行，在终端飞阶段执行规避机动飞行。这样一种威胁类型基本上使舰炮失去了对舰自卫的作用，大大地降低了现有导弹系统的效能。高能化学激光武器经过过去20年的研制开发，看来是舰自卫问题的一个可行的解决办法。它能在全天候条件下（除浓雾外）有效地作战使用，不要求普通的射,击控制手段，因为它是以光速运动的。能够对被跟踪的任何目标交战。此外，当射束指挥装置锁定在一个目标上时，系统不受威胁的规避机动飞行影响。按照威胁调整激光发射周期后，它的有效的Pk基本上是1。利用化学能作为主要能源排除了在舰上安装额外增加费用和发电量大的设备要求。采用这种武器，每次杀伤的费用仅为一次齐射两枚导弹的几分之一。美国海军中红外先进化学激光器（mIRACL）和SeaLite射束指挥装置（SLBd）已验证了部署舰载高能激光武器系统所需要的技术。1989年成功击落2．2马赫“破坏者”导弹证明了这种系统的效能。目前的研究表明，将上述的激光器和指挥装置重新组合成一个适合装入由一座5″／54mK45炮装置及其附属弹库占有的相当空间内的高能激光武器系统。用这个系统的箱装体取代火炮系统将减轻重量15％且由于重量分布而改善5％的舰的稳性。一个剩下的问题是高能激光武器系统在舰上环境条件下的作战使用验证。美国海军目前正在研究进行先进的技术验证的可能性。这一验证将解决与利用高能激光器进行海上自卫有关的问题。

关键词：武器系统高能激光美国杀伤力影响因素舰载武器

Ancient dNA of the pygmy marmoset type specimen Cebuella pygmaea(Spix,1823)resolves a taxonomic conundrum

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Zoological Research 2021年第6期42卷 761-771页

作者： Jean P.Boubli mareike C.Janiak Leila m.Porter Stella de la Torre Liliana Cortes-Ortiz maria N.Fda Silva Anthony B.Rylands Stephen Nash Fabricio Bertuol Hazel Byrne Felipe E.Silva Fabio Rohe dorien de Vries Robin m.d.Beck Irune Ruiz-Gartzia Lukas F.K.Kuderna Tomas marques-Bonet Tomas Hrbek Izeni P.Farias Anneke Hvan Heteren Christian Roos School of Science Engineering&EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordSalford M54WTUK Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia ManausAmazonas 69060-001Brazil department of Anthropology Northern Illinois UniversityDeKalbIL 60115-2828USA College of Biological and Environmental Sciences Universidad San Francisco de QuitoQuito 170901Ecuador department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Re:wild AustinTX 78767USA Laboratorio de Evolução e Genética Animal Universidade Federal do AmazonasManausAmazonas 69080-900Brazil department of Anthropology University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA Research Group on Primate Biology and Conservation MamirauaInstitute for Sustainable DevelopmentTeféAmazonas 69553-225Brazil Experimental and Health Sciences department(dCEXS) Institut de Biologia EvolutivaUniversitat Pompeu Fabra-CSICBarcelona 08002Spain department of Biology Trinity UniversitySan AntonioTX 78212USA Bavarian State Collection of Zoology Zoologische Staatssammlung MünchenStaatliche Naturkundliche Sammlungen Bayerns81247 MunichGermany GeoBio-Center Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat München80333 MunichGermany department Biologie II Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat München82152 MunichGermany Gene Bank of Primates and Primate Genetics Laboratory German Primate CenterLeibniz Institute for Primate Research37077 GottingenGermany

The pygmy marmoset,the smallest of the anthropoid primates,has a broad distribution in Western *** studies using molecular and morphological data have identified two distinct species separated by the Napo and Solimoes-Amazonas ***,reconciling this new biological evidence with current taxonomy,i.e.,two subspecies,Cebuella pygmaea pygmaea(Spix,1823)and Cebuella pygmaea niveiventris(Lönnberg,1940),was problematic given the uncertainty as to whether Spix’s pygmy marmoset(Cebuella pygmaea pygmaea)was collected north or south of the Napo and Solimoes-Amazonas rivers,making it unclear to which of the two newly revealed species the name pygmaea would ***,we present the first molecular data from Spix’s type specimen of Cebuella pygmaea,as well as novel mitochondrial genomes from modern pygmy marmosets sampled near the type locality(Tabatinga)on both sides of the *** these data,we can confirm the correct names of the two species identified,i.e.,*** for animals north of the Napo and Solimoes-Amazonas rivers and *** for animals south of these two *** analyses of the novel genetic data placed into the context of cytochrome b gene sequences from across the range of pygmy marmosets further led us to reevaluate the geographical distribution for the two Cebuella *** dated the split of these two species to 2.54 million years *** discuss additional,more recent,subdivisions within each lineage,as well as potential contact zones between the two species in the headwaters of these rivers.

关键词： Historic dNA dNA taxonomy Pygmy marmoset Cebuella pygmaea C.niveiventris Amazon Type specimen

The effect of tailing lipidation on the bioactivity of antimicrobial peptides and their aggregation tendency Special Issue:Emerging Investigators

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聚集体(英文)

聚集体(英文) 2023年第4期4卷 195-209页

作者： Bruce Lin Andrew Hung William Singleton Kevion K.darmawan Rachael moses Bicheng Yao Hongkang Wu Anders Barlow marc-Antoine Sani Alastair J.Sloan moha.m.d Akhter Hossain John d.Wade Yuning Hong Neil m.O’Brien-Simpson Wenyi Li The Bio21 Institute of molecular Science and Biotechnology University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia ACTV Research group Melbourne Dental SchoolCentre for Oral Health ResearchUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia melbourne dental School Division of Basic and Clinical Oral SciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia department of Biochemistry and Chemistry La Trobe Institute for Molecular ScienceLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and mental Health University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia School of Chemistry University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia materials Characterisation and Fabrication Platform University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia

Antimicrobial peptides(AmPs)are potentially powerful alternatives to conven-tional antibiotics in combating multidrug resistance,given their broad spectrum of *** mainly interact with cell membranes through surface electrostatic potentials and the formation of secondary structures,resulting in permeability and destruction of target microorganism *** earlier work showed that two leading AmPs,mSI-78(4–20)and pardaxin(1–22),had potent antimicrobial activ-ity against a range of *** is known that the attachment of moderate-length lipid carbon chains to cationic peptides can further improve the functionality of these peptides through enhanced interactions with the membrane lipid bilayer,inducing membrane curvature,destabilization,and potential ***,in this work,we a.m.d to investigate the antimicrobial activity,oligomerization propensity,and lipid-membrane binding interactions of a range of N-terminal lipidated analogs of mSI-78(4–20)and pardaxin(1–22).molecular modeling results suggest that aggregation of the N-lipidated AmPs may impart greater structural stability to the peptides in solu-tion and a greater depth of lipid bilayer insertion for the N-lipidated AmPs over the parental *** experimental and computationalfindings provide insights into how N-terminal lipidation of AmPs may alter their conformations,with subsequent effects on their functional properties in regard to their self-aggregation behavior,membrane interactions,and antimicrobial activity.

关键词： aggregation antimicrobial peptide lipidation membrane active peptide

Switchable carbamate coagulants to improve recycling ionic liquid from biomass solutions

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Green Chemical Engineering 2021年第4期2卷 384-391页

作者： Julia L.Shamshina Ying Qin Ken Belmore daniel T.daly Robin d.Rogers Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute Department of Plant and Soil ScienceTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTX79409USA Alabama Institute for manufacturing Excellence The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA College of Arts&Sciences The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA Solutions Inc.P.O.Box 2206TuscaloosaAL35403USA

A reversible amine-carbamate approach has been developed to reduce the use of antisolvents such as water in the coagulation of biopolymers from ionic liquid(IL)solution and thus improve the economy of IL *** and chitin were recovered from 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate([C_(2)mim][OAc])solution by introducing the miscible amines triethanolamine(TEA),ethylenediamine(EdA),or butylamine(BA)and bubbling CO_(2) at 40℃ and atmospheric pressure through the solutions to form carbamate salts in situ which resulted in biopolymer *** gave the best results because of its low boiling point and low viscosity,which benefited both biopolymer recovery and IL *** films and fibers could be formed by extrusion of an mCC/[C_(2)mim]-[OAc]solution into a coagulating bath comprised of a 1:1 m mixture of[C_(2)mim][OAc]and butylammonium butylcarbamate(BA-carbamate).The cellulose,IL,amine,and CO_(2) were easily separated,although the cellulose recovered required some water washings to remove traces of *** to 96.4%of the[C_(2)mim][OAc]could be recovered,76.2%from the coagulation bath and 20.2%from the water *** recycled IL was suitable for another cycle of cellulose dissolution and extrusion and 84.6%of the IL used for the second cycle was *** further work is needed,not the least of which will be reducing the amount of water needed for washing steps,some promising features of this process point the way for new directions for more economically viable IL recycling processes in biomass treatment with ILs.

关键词： Carbamate Ionic liquid Recovery Switchable Coagulation Biopolymers Carbamates IL recycle

Effect of Agricultural Use of the mixture Phosphogypsum/Natural Phosphate on the dynamics of Phosphor in Soil and the Plant

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2010年第4期4卷 83-87页

作者： K. Saja m. Ouammou d. dhiba A. El Kanit J. Bennazha A. Albizane Laboratory of materials Environment and Catalysis Faculty of Science and Technology Mohammedia Morocco BP 146 Mohammadia 20650. Morocco Laboratory of Biotechnology Fertilization and Special Products Centre for Studies and Research of Phosphate minerals 73 Boulevard Moulay Ismail-Casablanca 20300 Morocco

The industrial production of the phosphoric acid is important and makes itself in a big number of countries. The by-product descended of this industry, residuary gypsum called phosphogypsum, poses a major environmental problem. The aim of this work is to identify and to value the potentialities of valorization of the by-product phosphogypsum produce in morocco, for a use in the domain of agriculture. They can contain 1% to 6% of free acids. The idea is to use this acid to partially solubilize natural phosphate and to make the final product richer in phosphorus （about I0% of total P205 half soluble） and therefore more attractive on the agronomic and economic plan. For mixtures phosphogypsum/natural phosphate, a study of clarification is necessary, by varying the proportions of products, the humidities, mixing techniques, the ripening time to achieve a final interesting product. The dynamics of the phosphor in soil has been measured by the Olsen method and the one in the plant has been measured after drying in the steamroom to a temperature of 70 ~C to 75 ~C during 72 hours. A trial hold is incinerated. The ashes are taken by acid hydrochloric extract and the phosphor is measured out with the help of an UV spectrometer to 430 nm. The pH has been followed with the help of a pH-meter. The phosphor presents a remarkable dynamics in mixture with the phosphogypsum.

关键词： Phosphogypsum natural phosphate free acidity phosphorus fertilizer