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Elemental Composition of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ in the Industrial Area of Yopougon, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Journal of Environmental Protection 2022年第6期13卷 385-397页

作者： a.loma. joseph popouen Abdelfettah Benchrif Ponaho Claude Kezo Djama Djoman Alfred Agbo Aka Antonin Koua Moussa Bounakhla Alain Georges Monnehan Laboratoire des Sciences de la Matiè re de l’Environnement et de l’Energie Solaire Universit&eacute Fé lix Houphouë t Boigny Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire National Centre for Nuclear Energy Science and Technology (CNESTEN) Direction of Studies and Scientific Researches Rabat Morocco Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de l’Environnement Universit&eacute Jean Lorougnon Gué dé Daloa C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Autorité de Radioprotection de S&ucirc reté et Sé curité Nuclé aires Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

This paper describes the evaluation of trace element composition of atmospheric aerosol particles (PM2.5 and PM10) and their influence on air quality in the largest industrial area of Abidjan city, C?te d’Ivoire. Multi-week sampling was conducted in an urban site (industrial area) in Abidjan from April 2018 to July 2019. The mean mass concentration was 48.83 ± 15.24 μg/m3 for PM2.5 and 77.34 ± 10.91 μg/m3 for PM10, with significant temporal variability. The average ratio of PM2.5/PM10 was 0.64 ± 0.21. The concentration of BC in PM2.5 and PM10 was respectively 52.32 ± 7.48 μg/m3 and 52.26 ± 12.07 μg/m3. Twenty-two elements: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr and Pb were analysed by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF). Elemental composition data were modeled using principal component analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation to determine two (2) and four (4) dominant source categories contributing to PM2.5 and PM10 respectively. In the case of fine particles PM2.5, the possible sources were Industrial activities and non-exhaust emissions, exhaust emissions. The PM10 sources were industrial activities and non-exhaust emissions, industrial processes, mineral dust, and waste combustion.

关键词： Aerosol Particles PM2.5 PM10 EDXRF PCA

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Fragility of statistically significant findings from randomized clinical trials of surgical treatment of humeral shaft fractures:A systematic review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第9期13卷 825-836页

作者： Stephen Craig Morris Anirudh K Gowd Avinesh Agarwalla Wesley P Phipatanakul Nirav H Amin joseph N Liu Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Loma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92354United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Wake Forest University Baptist Medical CenterWinston-SalemNC 27157United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Westchester Medical CenterValhallaNY 10595United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Premier Orthopaedic and Trauma SpecialistsPomonaCA 91767United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery USC Epstein Family Center for Sports MedicineLos AngelesCA 90089United States

BACKGROUND Despite recent meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials(RCTs),there remains no consensus regarding the preferred surgical treatment for humeral shaft *** fragility index(FI)is an emerging tool used to evaluate the robustness of RCTs by quantifying the number of participants in a study group that would need to switch outcomes in order to reverse the study *** To investigate the fragility index of randomized control trials assessing outcomes of operative fixation in proximal humerus *** We completed a systematic review of RCTs evaluating the surgical treatment of humeral shaft *** criteria included:articles published in English;patients randomized and allotted in 1:1 ratio to 2 parallel arms;and dichotomous outcome *** FI was calculated for total complications,each complication individually,and secondary surgeries using the Fisher exact test,as previously *** Fifteen RCTs were included in the analysis comparing open reduction plate osteosynthesis with dynamic compression plate or locking compression plate,intramedullary nail,and minimally invasive plate *** median FI was 0 for all parameters *** individual outcomes,the FI was 0 for 81/91(89%)of *** FI exceeded the number lost to follow up in only 2/91(2%)*** The FI shows that data from RCTs regarding operative treatment of humeral shaft fractures are fragile and does not demonstrate superiority of any particular surgical technique.

关键词： Humerus fracture Open reduction internal fixation Intramedullary nail Fragility index Complications Fragility index

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Proton therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2012年第4期24卷 361-367页

作者： Ted C.Ling joseph I.Kang David A.Bush Jerry D.Slater Gary Y.Yang Department of Radiation Medicine Loma Linda University Medical Center

Proton radiotherapy has seen an increasing role in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. Historically, external beam radiotherapy has played a very limited role in HCC due to a high incidence of toxicity to surrounding normal structures. The ability to deliver a high dose of radiation to the tumor is a key factor in improving outcomes in HCC. Advances in photon radiotherapy have improved dose conformity and allowed dose escalation to the tumor. However, despite these advances there is still a large volume of normal liver that receives a considerable radiation dose during treatment. Proton beams do not have an exit dose along the beam path once they enter the body. The inherent physical attributes of proton radiotherapy offer a way to maximize tumor control via dose escalation while avoiding excessive radiation to the remaining liver, thus increasing biological effectiveness. In this review we discuss the physical attributes and rationale for proton radiotherapy in HCC. We also review recent literature regarding clinical outcomes of using proton radiotherapy for the treatment of I-ICC.

关键词： Proton radiotherapy hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

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Adjunctive acupuncture for pain and symptom management in the inpatient setting: protocol for a pilot hybrid effectiveness-implementation study

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2016年第3期14卷 228-238页

作者： Maria T.Chao Alexandra Chang Sanjay Reddy James D.Harrison joseph Acquah Miria Toveg Trilce Santana Frederick M.Hecht Osher Center for Integrative Medicine University of California San Francisco Division of General Internal Medicine Zuckerberg San Francisco General HospitalUniversity of California San Francisco Departments of Anesthesiology and Internal Medicine Loma Linda University Division of Hospital Medicine University of California San Francisco

BACKGROUND： Effective pain management among hospitalized patients is an important aspect of providing quality care and achieving optimal clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. Common pharmacologic approaches for pain, though effective, have serious side effects and are not appropriate for all inpatients. Findings from randomized controlled trials（RCTs） support the efficacy of acupuncture for many symptoms relevant to inpatients including postoperative pain, cancer-related pain, nausea and vomiting, and withdrawal from narcotic use. However, the extent to which findings from RCTs translate to real-world implementation of acupuncture in typical hospital settings is unknown. METHODS/DESIGN： In partnership with the launch of a clinical program offering acupuncture services to inpatients at the University of California San Francisco’s Mount Zion Hospital, we are conducting a pilot study using a hybrid effectiveness-implementation design to：（1） assess the effectiveness of acupuncture to manage pain and other symptoms and improve patient satisfaction; and（2） evaluate the barriers and facilitators to implementing an on-going acupuncture service for inpatients. During a twomonth pre-randomization phase, we evaluated and adapted clinical scheduling and treatment protocols with acupuncturists and hospital providers and pretested study procedures including enrollment, consent, and data collection. During a six-month randomization phase, we used a two-tiered consent process in which inpatients were first consented into a study of symptom management, randomized to be offered acupuncture, and consented for acupuncture if they accepted. We are also conducting in-depth interviews and focus groups to assess evidence, context, and facilitators of key provider and hospital administration ***： Effectiveness research in ＂real-world＂ practice settings is needed to inform clinical decision-making and guide implementation of evidence-based acupuncture practices. To

关键词： acupuncture therapy medicine,traditional inpatients randomized controlled trials hybrid trials clinicalprotocols

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