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An insight into microstructural heterogeneities formation between weld subregions of laser welded copper to stainless steel joints

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2020年第3期30卷 727-745页

作者： Saranarayanan RAMACHANDRAN a.k.lakshminarayanan Department of Mechanical Engineering SSN College of Engineering

The effect of laser beam welding(LBW) process on the microstructure-mechanical property relationship of a dissimilar weld between the copper(Cu) and stainless steel(SS) was *** electron(BSE) based scanning electron microscopy(SEM) imaging was used to characterize the highly heterogeneous microstructural features across the LBW(Cu-SS) *** BSE analysis thoroughly evidenced the complex microstructures produced at dissimilar weld interfaces and fusion zone along with the compositional *** different grain growths from coarse columnar grains to equiaxed ultrafine grains were also evident along the Cu-weld interface.A highresolution electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD) analysis confirmed the existence of the grain refinement mechanism at the Cu-weld *** tensile and impact properties of the dissimilar weld were found to be closely aligned with the property of Cu base *** gradients were spatially evident in the non-homogeneous material composition zones such as fusion zone and the Cu-weld interface *** heterogeneous nucleation spots across the weld sub-regions were clearly identified and interlinked with their microhardness measurements for a holistic understanding of structure-property relationships of the local weld *** findings were effectively correlated to achieve an insight into the local microstructural gradients across the weld.

关键词： laser beam welding copper stainless steel microstructural characterization tensile property impact toughness

Feasibility of surface-coated friction stir welding tools to join AISI 304grade austenitic stainless steel

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2014年第4期10卷 360-370页

作者： a.k.lakshminarayanan C.S.RAMACHANDRAN V.BALASUBRAMANIAN Department of Mechanical Engineering SSN College of Engineering Kalavakkam 603 110 Chennai Tamil Nadu India Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar608 002Tamil Nadu India

An attempt is made to develop the tools that are capable enough to withstand the shear, impact and thermal forces that occur during friction stir welding of stainless steels. The atmospheric plasma spray and plasma transferred arc hardfacing processes are employed to deposit refractory ceramic based composite coatings on the Inconel 738 alloy. Five different combinations of self-fluxing alloy powder and 60% ceramic reinforcement particulate mixtures are used for coating. The best friction stir welding tool selected based on tool wear analysis is used to fabricate the austenitic stainless steel joints.

关键词：摩擦搅拌焊接 304不锈钢奥氏体不锈钢焊接工具 AISI 表面涂层大气等离子喷涂自熔性合金粉末

Fabrication and performance evaluation of dissimilar magnesium-aluminium alloy multi-seam friction stir clad joints

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2017年第1期27卷 25-35页

作者： a.k.lakshminarayanan V.E.ANNAMALAI Department of Mechanical Engineering SSN College of EngineeringKalavakkamChennai 603110Tamil NaduIndia

This investigation is aimed to establish empirical relationships between continuous multi-seam friction stir cladding process parameters （i.e., rotational speed, welding speed and shoulder overlap ratio） and the quality characteristics （bond tensile strength, shear strength and corrosion） of dissimilar magnesiurn-aluminium alloy clad joints. The influence of considered process parameters on the clad properties was reported. Furthermore, multi-criterion optimization procedure was used to obtain ideal processing conditions, which can yield higher interface strength and lower corrosion rate of fabricated composite plate. Results indicate that, the aluminium-rich thin continuous layer, Mg-rich irregular shaped regions consists of A13Mg2 and Al12Mg17 interraetallic compounds and nature of mechanical interlocking has great influence on the joint interface strength. On the other hand, the corrosion resistance of the clad joints is greatly affected by the amount of magnesium mixed with top aluminium sheet during friction stirring. Also, bend testing shows that, the cladded joints exhibit excellent ductility.

关键词： friction stir cladding dissimilar joint overlap ratio optimization

Characteristics of friction welded AZ31B magnesium-commercial pure titanium dissimilar joints

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2015年第4期3卷 315-321页

作者： a.k.lakshminarayanan R.Saranarayanan V.karthik Srinivas B.Venkatraman Department of Mechanical Engineering SSN College of EngineeringKalavakkam 603103Tamil NaduIndia Radiological Safety and Environmental Group Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic ResearchKalpakkam 603102Tamil NaduIndia

It is essential to understand the weld interface characteristics and mechanical properties of dissimilar joints to improve its *** study is aimed at exploring the properties of friction welded magnesium-titanium dissimilar joint using tensile testing coupled with digital image correlation,optical and scanning electron microscopy,x-ray diffraction and microhardness *** different regions such as contact zone,dynamic recrystallized zone,thermo-mechanically affected zone,and partially deformed zone in the magnesium side were *** discernible regions were observed in the titanium side,as it had not undergone any significant plastic *** analysis indicated that the aluminium from the magnesium side diffused toward the weld interface and formed a thin continuous intermetallic layer by reacting with the *** mapping showed a steep hardness gradient from the titanium to magnesium *** analysis is done on the tensile characteristics of the specimen and the response of the local regions to the deformation process is mapped.

关键词： Friction welding Dissimilar joints Microstructure Digital image correlation

Evaluation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Beam Welded AISI 409M Grade Ferritic Stainless Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第1期19卷 72-78页

作者： a.k.lakshminarayanan V Balasubramanian Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University

The microstructure analysis and mechanical properties evaluation of laser beam welded AISI 409M ferritic stainless steel joints are investigated. Single pass autogeneous welds free of volumetric defects were produced at a welding speed of 3 000 mm/min. The joints were subjected to optical microscope, scanning electron fractographe, microhardness, transverse and longitudinal tensile, bend and charpy impact toughness testing. The coarse ferrite grains in the base metal were changed into dendritic grains as a result of rapid solidification of laser beam welds. Tensile testing indicates overmatching of the weld metal is relative to the base metal. The joints also exhibited acceptable impact toughness and bend strength properties.

关键词： laser beam welding ferritic stainless steel tensile property impact property

Effect of Autogenous Arc Welding Processes on Tensile and Impact Properties of Ferritic Stainless Steel Joints

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2009年第1期16卷 62-68,16页

作者： a.k.lakshminarayanan k Shanmugam V Balasubramanian Centre of Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalai Nagar-608002Tamil NaduIndia

The effect of autogeneous arc welding processes on tensile and impact properties of ferritic stainless steel conformed to AISI 409M grade is studied. Rolled plates of 4 mm thickness have been used as the base material for preparing single pass butt welded joints. Tensile and impact properties, microhardness, microstructure, and fracture surface morphology of continuous current gas tungsten arc welding （CCGTAW）, pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding （PCGTAW）, and plasma arc welding （PAW） joints are evaluated and the results are compared. It is found that the PAW joints of ferritic stainless steel show superior tensile and impact properties when compared with CCG-TAW and PCGTAW joints, and this is mainly due to lower heat input, finer fusion zone grain diameter, and higher fusion zone hardness.

关键词： ferritic stainless steel plasma arc welding continuous current gas tungsten arc welding pulsed currentgas tungsten arc welding tensile property impact property

Comparison of RSM with ANN in predicting tensile strength of friction stir welded AA7039 aluminium alloy joints

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第1期19卷 9-18页

作者： A. k. lakshminarayanan V. BALASUBRAMANIAN Centre for Materials Joining ＆ Research （CEMAJOR） Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar-608 002 Tamil Nadu India

磨擦搅动(FSW ) 焊接是一种创新稳固的州的加入技术并且在太空，栏杆，为加入铝的汽车、海洋的工业，镁，锌和铜被采用了合金。FSW 过程参数象工具那样旋转速度，焊接速度，轴的力量，在决定焊接质量起一个主要作用。二个方法，反应表... 详细信息

磨擦搅动(FSW ) 焊接是一种创新稳固的州的加入技术并且在太空，栏杆，为加入铝的汽车、海洋的工业，镁，锌和铜被采用了合金。FSW 过程参数象工具那样旋转速度，焊接速度，轴的力量，在决定焊接质量起一个主要作用。二个方法，反应表面方法论和人工的神经网络被用来预言磨擦的张力的强度搅动焊接 AA7039 铝合金。实验基于三个因素被进行，三水平、中央的合成的脸与完整的复制技术集中了设计，并且数学模型被开发。敏感分析被执行识别批评参数。通过反应表面方法论获得的结果与通过人工的神经网络的那些相比。

关键词：搅拌摩擦焊铜铝合金 AA7039 拉伸性能

Effect of Welding Processes on Tensile and Impact Properties,Hardness and Microstructure of AISI 409M Ferritic Stainless Joints Fabricated by Duplex Stainless Steel Filler Metal

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2009年第5期16卷 66-72页

作者： a.k.lakshminarayanan k Shanmugam V Balasubramanian Centre for Materials Joining and Research(CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai University

The effect of welding processes such as shielded metal arc welding, gas metal arc welding and gas tungsten arc welding on tensile and impact properties of the ferritic stainless steel conforming to AISI 409M grade is studied. Rolled plates of 4 mm thickness were used as the base material for preparing single pass butt welded joints. Tensile and impact properties, microhardness, microstructure and fracture surface morphology of the welded joints have been evaluated and the results are compared. From this investigatio.n, it is found that gas tungsten arc welded joints of ferritic stainless steel have superior tensile and impact properties compared with shielded metal arc and gas metal arc welded joints and this is mainly due to the presence of finer grains in fusion zone and heat affected zone.

关键词： ferritic stainless steel shielded metal arc welding gas metal arc welding gas tungsten arc welding tensile impact property

Tensile and Impact Properties of Shielded Metal Arc Welded AISI 409M Ferritic Stainless Steel Joints

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2009年第2期25卷 181-186页

作者： k. Shanmugam A.k. lakshminarayanan V. Balasubramanian Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai UniversityAnnamalai Nagar 608 002 Tamil Nadu India

The present study is concerned with the effect of filler metals such as austenitic stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel and duplex stainless steel on tensile and impact properties of the ferritic stainless steel conforming to AISI 409M grade. Rolled plates of 4 mm thickness were used as the base material for preparing single pass butt welded joints. Tensile and impact properties, microhardness, microstructure and fracture surface morphology of the joints fabricated by austenitic stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel and duplex stainless steel filler metals were evaluated and the results were reported. From this investigation, it is found that the joints fabricated by duplex stainless steel filler metal showed higher tensile strength and hardness compared to the joints fabricated by austenitic and ferritic stainless steel filler metals. Joints fabricated by austenitic stainless steel filler metal exhibited higher ductility and impact toughness compared with the joints fabricated by ferritic stainless steel and duplex stainless steel filler metals.

关键词： Ferritic stainless steel Shielded metal arc welding Tensile properties Impact toughness