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Evaluation of Antibiotic Prescribing in the Pediatric Department of gabriel TouréTeaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali

Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 645-656页

作者： Pierre Togo Hawa Konaré Mariam Maïga Karamoko Sacko Djénéba Konaté Abdoul Karim Doumbia Adama Dembélé Oumar Coulibaly Aminata Sangaré Mohamed Elmouloud Cissé Fousseyni Traoré Belco Maïga Ibrahim Ahamadou Aminata Doumbia Lala N’Drany Sidibé Amadou Touré Yacouba Aba Coulibaly Kalirou Traoré Tati Simaga Souleymane Sagara Leyla Bagna Maïga Bory Traoré Abdoul Aziz Diakité Fatoumata Dicko Mariam Sylla Sounkalo Dao Boubacar Togo Paediatric Department Gabriel Tour&#233 Teaching Hospital Bamako Mali Pediatric Department Distric VI Reference Health Center Bamako Mali Infectious Diseases Department Point G Teaching Hospital Bamako Mali

Objectives: The main objective was to evaluate antibiotic prescribing in the Department of Pediatrics at gabriel Touré teaching hospital. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted from September 1 to November 31, 2018, in the Department of Pediatrics at gabriel Touré teaching hospital. All children aged 0 to 15 years hospitalized for any pathology during the study period and having received at least one antibiotic had been included. Results: We collected 445 children’s records out of 1032 admissions during the study period, representing a hospital frequency of 43.1%. The sex ratio was 1.3%. The 2 - 5 age group accounted for 48.1%. Fever was the reason for consultation in 45.6% of cases. Patients’ general condition was altered in 60% of cases. The fathers were blue-collar workers in 65.4% and the mothers housewives in 85%, and had no education in 42.9% and 64.5% respectively. Hepatomegaly was present in 18.2%, splenomegaly in 9.6% and peripheral adenopathy in 3.1%. The site of infection was pulmonary in 37.6% and ENT in 9.2%. Bacterial infection was assumed on admission in 54% of cases, and meningitis in 57.7%. The discharge diagnosis was malaria in 54.6%, severe acute malnutrition in 18.6% and meningitis in 6.7%. The death rate was 3.8%. Neutrophilic leukocytosis was present in 47.3% of patients. CRP was positive in 85% of patients. Blood cultures taken in 27.6% of patients were positive in 5. CSF analysis in 30% of patients showed elevated leukocytes in 6.5%. No cultures were positive. Antibiotic prescription was justified by infectious hypotheses in 43.1% of patients. β-lactam antibiotics were prescribed in 98.6%. Antibiotic therapy was not adapted to national/international recommendations in 68.3% of cases, and was not justified in 16.3% of cases on D5 of hospitalization. Conclusion: Antibiotic use was justified in more than half of patients, but remained inadequate in almost two-thirds of cases, in line with national and international recommend

关键词： Antibiotic Prescription Hospitalization Child

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成层地基微型桩加固浅基础的离心模型试验研究

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岩土工程学报 2024年第S1期46卷 81-85页

作者：周玮宁李子曦张嘎清华大学水利水电工程系北京100084

对比了成层地基微型桩加固浅基础与不加固情况的离心模型试验,分析地基土和基础的变形破坏响应,阐明复杂地层条件下微型桩的加固机理。结果表明微型桩显著减小了浅基础的沉降量。微型桩加固的主要范围在淤泥质粉质黏土层深度4 m上方。... 详细信息

对比了成层地基微型桩加固浅基础与不加固情况的离心模型试验,分析地基土和基础的变形破坏响应,阐明复杂地层条件下微型桩的加固机理。结果表明微型桩显著减小了浅基础的沉降量。微型桩加固的主要范围在淤泥质粉质黏土层深度4 m上方。微型桩加固下,地基的沉降更为规律均匀,粉质黏土层与淤泥质粉质黏土层的分界层附近位移变化更缓和。微型桩加固下,荷载影响区域深度减小,粉质黏土层影响区域宽度的减小幅度大于淤泥质粉质黏土层。微型桩抑制荷载向下层地层的传导,约束了下层地基的水平位移,提高地基承载力。研究得出的规律为微型桩在现实工程中的应用提供参考。

关键词：离心模型试验复杂地层微型桩承载力

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硫化钠体系中异极矿表面的硫化特性及硫化产物解析

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第2期34卷 629-642页

作者：张嘎王美丽和永新王涵丰奇成昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室昆明650093 昆明理工大学云南省战略金属矿产资源绿色分离与富集重点实验室昆明650093 内蒙古兴业矿业股份有限公司赤峰024028

通过多种分析检测方法揭示硫化钠体系中异极矿表面的硫化特性和机理,并对异极矿表面硫化产物进行分析测试。研究结果表明,硫化钠浓度对异极矿表面的硫化效果具有显著影响,即提高硫化钠浓度能促进矿浆溶液中硫组分与矿物表面反应,从而提... 详细信息

通过多种分析检测方法揭示硫化钠体系中异极矿表面的硫化特性和机理,并对异极矿表面硫化产物进行分析测试。研究结果表明,硫化钠浓度对异极矿表面的硫化效果具有显著影响,即提高硫化钠浓度能促进矿浆溶液中硫组分与矿物表面反应,从而提高异极矿表面硫化产物的含量及矿物表面的疏水性。XPS和ToF-SIMS分析表明,异极矿表面的硫化产物并非单一的硫化物,而是由硫化物(S^(2−))和多硫化物(S_(n)^(2−))组成,且矿物表面多硫化物含量随硫化钠浓度的增加而增加,从而增强异极矿表面硫化产物的活性。

关键词：硫化特性异极矿硫化钠浓度硫化锌组分多硫化物

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Long-Term Impact of Acute Retinoic Acid Supplementation at the Young Age on Testicular Architecture of Wistar Albino Rats

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2024年第1期12卷 1-13页

作者： Mama Sy Racha Kamenda Ibondou Fatoumata Bah Robert Foko Ndiaga Diop Mame Vénus Abdoulaye Séga Cheikh Diop Mamadou Fall Oumar Faye Laboratory of Histology Embryology and Cytogenetics Faculty of Medecine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Inappropriate and excess vitamin supplementation, particularly for vitamin A, is increasingly recognized as a public health problem in developed countries. On the other hand, blind supplementation of vitamin A, for children in developing countries is a subject of controversy in the literature. The crucial role of vitamin A in the process of spermatogenesis in adult rodents is well established, but only a few publications are consecrated to the long-term effect of vitamin A intake at a young age on testicular development and differentiation. Objectives: Our study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of acute supplementation at an early age, in the post-natal period, on spermatogenesis and testicular trophicity at adult age. Material and Methods: Young Wistar Albinos rats of 22 days received an acute high dose of supplementation of vitamin A (retinyl palmitate). The control group, group 1, received only extra virgin olive oil, Group 2 a dose of 7000 IU/kg of retinyl palmitate, group 3, 14,000 IU/kg, and Group 4 a dose of 28,000 IU/kg. At 10 weeks of age, the testes’ testosterone levels were measured by ELISA. For histological assessment, sections were stained with Hematoxylin eosin, and the Johnsen score was used to evaluate spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubules. Results: The average testicular weights of rats were significantly lower in group 4 (p gative effect in the long term with a high acute dose of supplementation of retinyl palmitate at a young age, on testicular development and differentiation. Despite a return to normal diet after that supplementation, d

关键词： Vitamin A Retinyl Palmitate Spermatogenesis Testis-Wistar Albino Rats

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Breast Cancer in a Supernumerary Breast at the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital: About a Case

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2024年第3期13卷 43-48页

作者： Michel Auguste Mouelle Sarah gaëlle Adiang Esther Meka Isidore Tompeen Christelle Djapa Claude Hector Mbia Yann Eng Julius Sama Dohbit Zacharie Sando Oncology Department of the Yaound Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital Yaound Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of Yaound University of Yaound I Yaound Cameroon Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of the Yaound Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital Yaound Cameroon Radiology and Medical Imaging Department of the Yaound Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital Yaound Cameroon Pathology Department of the Yaound Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital Yaound Cameroon

Accessory or ectopic breast tissue is an anomaly in the development of the breast. It is a rare condition that occurs along the embryological mammary line. In less than 1% of all breast cancers, supernumerary breast cancer is reported, with the axillary location being the most common in 60% to 90% of cases. Cancerous degeneration of this supernumerary breast tissue can pose a dual diagnostic and therapeutic problem. We report the case of locally advanced adenocarcinoma in a right supernumerary breast. This is a 75-year-old, grand-multiparous, postmenopausal, and known hypertensive patient on treatment. Family history was remarkable for brain cancer in her sister and oesophageal cancer in her mother. She consulted for a mass in the right axillary cavity on supernumerary breast evolving for a year. Clinical examination revealed a large, fixed, budding and haemorrhagic-ulcerated mass of the right axilla, with long axis measuring about 15 cm. There was as wella supernumerary breast on the left, but without particularity. A soft tissue ultrasound showed a large hypoechoicmass in the right axillary region of 116 mm with areas of central necrobiosis. Morphologically, the breasts were normal. A breast MRI revealed a subcutaneous mass in the right axillary cavity with skin ulceration and satellite lymphadenopathy. The extension assessment revealed liver metastases, and a biopsy of the mass revealed a breast adenocarcinoma. The case was the subject of a multidisciplinary consultation meeting following which a wide excision of the mass was indicated. The histo-pathology analysis results of the surgical specimen were in favour of a triple negative papillary adenocarcinoma. After a post-operative multidisciplinary consultation meeting, adjuvant chemotherapy was indicated. The development of supernumerary breasts depends on hormones, just like normal breasts. Breast cancer in accessory breast tissue is quite rare with the incidence being 6%. The most common pathology is invasive

关键词： Adjuvant Chemotherapy Papillary Adenocarcinoma Surgery Supernumerary Breast Treatment of Supernumerary Breast Cancer

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Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in the Surgical Area at the Kara Teaching Hospital

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Surgical Science 2024年第2期15卷 48-53页

作者： Tamegnon Dossouvi Tchaa Hodabalo Towoezim Efoé-ga Olivier Amouzou Kokou Kouliwa Kanassoua Irokoura Kassagne Ayi Amavi Abossisso Sakiye Komlan Adabra Ekoué David Dosseh Department of General Surgery Dapaong Regional Hospital Center Dapaong Togo Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology Kara Teaching Hospital Kara Togo Department of General Surgery Kara Regional Hospital Center Kara Togo Department of General Surgery Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital Lomé Togo

Objective: To report the management of skin and soft tissue infections in the surgical area of Kara University Hospital in Togo. Material and Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022, in the general surgery and orthopedic trauma departments. The study focused on soft tissue infections of the pelvic and thoracic limbs and analyzed epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary data. Results: We registered 165 patients, comprising 109 men and 56 *** sex ratio (F/H) were 0.51. The mean age was 45 years with extremes ranging from 23 to 90 years. Farmers (64.8%) followed by housewives (34.0%) were the social strata most affected. The consultation period varied between 1 and 90 days. The pathologies found were necrotizing fasciitis (53.3%), erysipelas (18.2%), infected limb wounds (12.1%), pyomyositis (9.7%), and necrotizing dermo-hypodermitis (1.8%). The main procedures performed were necrosectomy and grafting (62.9%), sample necrosectomy (18.8%), drainage (9.7%), and pelvic limb amputation (1.2%). Follow-up was favorable in 86.7% of cases. The study noted a death rate of 13.3% due to septic shock secondary to a delay in consultation. Conclusion: Skin and soft tissue infections were a common reason for surgical hospitalization at Kara University Hospital, with a high mortality rate due to delayed consultations.

关键词： Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Necrotizing Fasciitis Erysipelas Emergency

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SWOT分析法下的高校大学生管理模式研究

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黑龙江科学 2024年第15期15卷 120-122页

作者：冯嘎西安思源学院西安710038

为共同营造和谐文明的校园环境,并适应现代社会的改革步伐,借助SWOT模型从优势、劣势、机遇与挑战4个维度对高校大学生管理模式进行全面分析。结果表明,高校在推进素质教育、提供丰富的知识资源和贴心的生活管理等方面具有显著优势,但... 详细信息

为共同营造和谐文明的校园环境,并适应现代社会的改革步伐,借助SWOT模型从优势、劣势、机遇与挑战4个维度对高校大学生管理模式进行全面分析。结果表明,高校在推进素质教育、提供丰富的知识资源和贴心的生活管理等方面具有显著优势,但也面临着管理手段单一、管理体系僵化和管理理念滞后等劣势。机遇方面,大学生普遍期待高校能够搭建相关信息平台、畅通反馈渠道并整合校内资源。高校应充分利用“互联网+”平台,优化反馈处理机制,并注重管理理念的更新与变革,以更好地适应社会发展的需求,促进大学生的全面发展。

关键词： SWOT分析法高校大学生管理模式信息平台反馈机制整合资源

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大学生网络行为管理中的思政教育引导现状调研

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黑龙江科学 2024年第17期15卷 149-151页

作者：冯嘎西安思源学院西安710038

设计关于思政教育引导大学生网络行为的调查问卷,以该问卷调查结果为依据,运用描述性统计分析、单因素方差分析等统计分析方法对其发展现状进行探究。结果表明,大学生每天在网络上花费的时间较长,70.5%的受访者通过互联网进行娱乐,超九... 详细信息

设计关于思政教育引导大学生网络行为的调查问卷,以该问卷调查结果为依据,运用描述性统计分析、单因素方差分析等统计分析方法对其发展现状进行探究。结果表明,大学生每天在网络上花费的时间较长,70.5%的受访者通过互联网进行娱乐,超九成的受访者会在互联网上发布信息或表达一些观点,65.6%的大学生认为目前接受的思政教育对其网络认知观念产生了积极影响,超60%的受访者认为思政教育可以引导其在网络上更好地学习相关专业知识。由单因素方差分析可知,受访大学生不会因性别、年级、专业和政治面貌等基本信息的不同而对网络认知产生差异,思政教育对大学生网络认知的积极意义具有普遍性。基于此,高校应依托思政课堂教学培养大学生的正确互联网思维,思政教师应积极向学生宣扬抵制网络不当言论的重要性。

关键词：大学生网络行为管理思政教育互联网引导作用

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P91钢低硬度部件监督控制措施研究

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山西冶金 2024年第3期47卷 243-244,249页

作者：图嘎中国大唐集团科学技术研究总院有限公司华北电力试验研究院北京100040

对某电厂因金相组织异常引起的低硬度P91钢部件进行了硬度、金相和壁厚的跟踪检测,通过安全性评估,提出了此类型部件更经济、更方便的处理措施,认为针对低硬度P91钢部件不能简单更换了之,应分析其造成低硬度的原因并分类处理,以此来保证... 详细信息

对某电厂因金相组织异常引起的低硬度P91钢部件进行了硬度、金相和壁厚的跟踪检测,通过安全性评估,提出了此类型部件更经济、更方便的处理措施,认为针对低硬度P91钢部件不能简单更换了之,应分析其造成低硬度的原因并分类处理,以此来保证P91钢的硬度部件符合标准。

关键词： P91钢低硬度组织异常老化工程现场

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Results of Surgical Management of Malignant Obstruction of the Common Bile Duct in Yaoundé

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Surgical Science 2024年第4期15卷 265-277页

作者： Eric Patrick Savom gaël Tsanga Nomo Richard II Mbele Mahamat Yannick Ekani Boukar Cédric Paterson Atangana Fred Dikongue Dikongue Guy Aristide Bang Arthur Essomba Yaoundé General Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the Universityof Yaoundé I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Yaoundé Teaching Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: In Cameroon, surgery remains the only approach in malignant obstructions of the common bile duct (MOCBD) even in palliative situations. The aim of this work was to describe the modalities of surgical treatment of MOCBD, evaluate the results and detect the factors associated with postoperative morbidity and mortality. Patients and Methods: We conducted an analytical observational study, with retrospective data collection from the files of patients operated upon for MOCBD. This was done in four referral hospitals in the city of Yaoundé for a 42-month period spanning from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2023. Demographic data, clinical presentation, surgical data, and 30-day postoperative outcomes were collected. Results: We collected 71 files. The sex ratio was 1.4 and the mean age was 56 ± 11 years. Fifty-three (53) patients (74.6%) were overweight or obese and 10 patients (14.1%) were hypertensive. A clinical cholestasis syndrome was present in 69 patients (97.2%). Fifty-five (55) patients (77.5%) had a cancer of the head of the pancreas, 8 patients (11.3%) had an extra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma and 8 patients (11.3%) had an ampullary adenocarcinoma. Eight (8) resections (11.3%) with curative intent had been carried out and in 63 cases (88.7%), surgery was palliative. Postoperative morbidity was 55.7%, influenced by advanced WHO stage (p = 0.02). Postoperative mortality was 25.7%, associated with a high ASA score (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Pancreatic head cancer is the main etiology of malignant obstructions of the common bile duct in Cameroon. Surgical treatment is most often palliative. Postoperative morbidity and mortality are high, influenced by high WHO and ASA scores.

关键词： Malignant Obstruction Common Bile Duct Palliative Treatment Morbidity Mortality

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