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Woody plant taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity decrease along elevational gradients in Andean tropical montane forests:Environmental filtering and arrival of temperate taxa

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Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 491-501页

作者： Guillermo bañares-de-Dios Manuel J.Macía Gabriel Arellano Íñigo Granzow-de la Cerda Julia Vega-álvarez itziar Arnelas Carlos i.Espinosa Norma Salinas Luis Cayuela Departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química InorgánicaUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain Departamento de Biología Área de BotánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Centro de investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CiBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Oikobit LLC ***AlbuquerqueNM87120USA Real Jardín Botánico–CSiC Plaza Murillo 2MadridES-28014Spain Departamento de Biología Animal EcologíaParasitologíaEdafología y Química AgrícolaUniversidad de SalamancaCalle Donantes de Sangre s/nSalamancaES-37007Spain Departamento de Biodiversidad Ecología y EvoluciónUniversidad Complutense de MadridCalle JoséAntonio Nováis 12Ciudad UniversitariaES-28040Spain Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Universidad Técnica Particular de LojaA.P.11-01-608 LojaEcuador Sección Química Pontificia Universidad Católica del PerúA.P.Lima 32LimaPeru ECi School of Geography and EnvironmentUniversity of OxfordOX13QYOxfordshireUnited Kingdom instituto de investigación en Cambio Global(iiCG-URJC) Universidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain

Mountains are paramount for exploring biodiversity patterns due to the mosaic of topographies and climates encompassed over short *** research has traditionally focused on taxonomic diversity when investigating changes along elevational gradients,but other facets should be *** first time,we simultaneously assessed elevational trends in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity of woody plants in Andean tropical montane forests and explored their underlying ecological and evolutionary *** investigation covered four transects(traversing ca.2200 m a.s.l.) encompassing 114 plots of 0.1 ha across a broad latitudinal range(ca.10°).Using Hill numbers to quantify abundance-based diversity among 37,869 individuals we observed a consistent decrease in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity as elevation increased,although the decrease was less pronounced for higher Hill *** exception was a slight increase in phylogenetic diversity when dominant species were *** decrease in taxonomic and functional diversity might be attributed to an environmental filtering process towards highlands,where the increasingly harsher conditions exclude species and functional ***,the differences in steepness decrease between Hill orders suggest that rare species disproportionately contribute to functional *** phylogenetic diversity the shifting elevational trend between Hill orders indicates a greater than previously considered influence in central Andean highlands of tropical lowlands originated species with strong niche conservatism relative to distantly related temperate *** could be explained by a decreasing presence and abundance of temperate,extratropical taxa towards the central Andes relative to northern or southern Andes,where they are more prevalent.

关键词： Altitudinal gradients Andes Environmentalﬁltering Out of the Tropical Lowlands Functional rarity Tropical Niche Conservatism

Nitrogen mineralization in the oldest climax communities in the eastern Mediterranean region

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 213-228页

作者： Fatma Selcen Sakar Gürcan Güleryüz Department of Biology Section Ecology GörükleGraduate School of Natural and Applied ScienceUniversity of Bursa Uludağ16059 NilüferBursaTurkey Department of Biology Section Ecology GörükleFaculty of Science and ArtsUniversity of Bursa Uludağ16059 NilüferBursaTurkey

in this study,we investigated how tree species affect N mineralization in connection to some soil properties and seconder metabolite levels of litter,in the soil of the old-est native forest *** the oldest pure communi-ties of Pinus nigra(PN),Fagus orientalis(FO),and Abies bornmuelleriana(AB)in the mountain range of Mount Uludağ,Bursa,Turkey,annual net yield and N mineraliza-tion in the 0-5-and 5-20-cm soil layers were determined in a field incubation study over 1 *** locations were chosen from 1300 to 1600 m a.s.l.,and moisture content(%),pH,water-holding capacity(%),organic C,total N,and C/N ratio,and annual net mineral N yield of the soil and hydro-lyzed tannic acid and total phenolic compounds in litter were compared for these forest *** had the highest annual net Nmin yield(43.9±4.8 kg ha^(-1) a^(-1)),*** the lowest(30.5±4.2 kg ha^(-1) a^(-1)).Our findings show that in the oldest forest ecosystems,the seasonal soil moisture content and tree species play an essential role in N cycling and that hydrolyzed tannic acids and total phenolic compounds effectively control N *** acid and total phenolics in the litter were found to inhibit nitrification,but total phenolics were found to stimulate ammonification.

关键词： Oldest forest communities Nitrogen mineralization Nitrification Tannic acid Total phenolic Litter

The Role of Renewable Protocatechol Acid in Epoxy Coating Modification: Significantly improved Antibacterial and Adhesive Properties

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 63-72,I0008页

作者： Ming-Xuan Chen Jin-Yue Dai Li-Yue zhang Shuai-Peng Wang Jing-Kai Liu Yong-Gang Wu Xin-Wu ba Xiao-Qing Liu School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei UniversityBaoding 071000China Ningbo institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China

it is of great significance to design epoxy coatings with superior antibacterial properties and high adhesive properties, as well as excellent processing, superior durability, and high transparency. However, it is still a challenge because of the common complex design and synthesis. Herein, the bio-based monomer protocatechuic acid(PCA) was used as raw material, the catechol structure with high bonding and antibacterial properties was introduced into the flexible alkane segment of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether(EGDE) through an efficient, and green method, and it was cured with isophorone diamine(iPDA) to prepare corresponding thermosets. The cured resins exhibited excellent allaround qualities, particularly in bonding and antibacterial. When 30% PCA was added to pure epoxy resin, the adhesion between substrate and coating increased from 4.40 MPa to 13.60 MPa and the antibacterial rate of coating against E. coli and S. aureus could approach 100%. All of this is due to the fact that the catechol structure present in PCa.ha. the ability to interact with various substrates and alter the permeability of bacterial cell membranes. The architecture of this method offers a fresh approach to dealing with the issues of challenging raw material selection and complex synthesis techniques.

关键词： Epoxy coatings Thermosets Catechol structure Antibacterial High adhesion

Effects of friction stir processing and nano-hydroxyapatite on the microstructure,hardness,degradation rate and in-vitro bioactivity of WE43 alloy for biomedical applications

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 209-224页

作者： Bo Wu Farazila Yusof Fuguo Li Huan Miao A.R.Bushroa Mohd Ridha Bin Muhamad irfan Anjum badruddin Mahmoud z.ibrahim Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Centre of Advanced Manufacturing and Material Processing(AMMP Centre) Universiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Center of Foundation studies in Science Universiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Mechanical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61421Saudi Arabia Design and Production Engineering Faculty of EngineeringAin Shams UniversityCairo 11517Egypt

Nowadays,magnesium alloys are emerging in biomedical implants for their similar properties to natural ***,the rapid degradation of magnesium alloys in biological media hinders successful *** of microstructure,as well as reinforcement particles can significantly improve the degradation *** this work,multi-pass friction stir processing(FSP)was proposed to synthesize WE43/nano-hydroxyapatite(n ha)surface composite,the microstructure,reinforced particle distribution,micro-hardness,corrosion behavior and in-vitro bioactivity were *** subsequent FSP passes of WE43 alloy and WE43/n ha composite refined the grain size which was reduced by 94.29%and 95.92%(2.63 and 1.88μm,respectively)compared to base metal after three *** resulted in increasing the microhardness by 120%(90.86 HV0.1)and 135%(105.59 HV0.1)for the WE43 and WE43-n ha,*** is found that increasing FSP passes improved the uniform distribution of n ha particles within the composite matrix which led to improved corrosion resistance and less degradation *** corrosion rate of the FSPed WE43/n ha composite after three passes was reduced by 38.2%(4.13 mm/year)and the degradation rate was reduced by 69.7%(2.87 mm/y).This is attributed to secondary phase(Mg24Y5and Mg41Nd5)particle fragmentation and redistribution,as well as a homogeneous distribution of n ***,the growing Ca-P and Mg(OH)2layer formed on the surface represented a protective layer that reduced the degradation *** wettability test revealed a relatively hydrophilic surface with water contact angle of 49.1±2.2°compared to 71.2±2.1°for base ***,biomineralization test showed that apatite layer grew after immersion 7d in simulated body fluid with atomic ratio of Ca/P 1.60 approaching the stoichiometric ratio(1.67)indicating superior bioactivity of FSPed WE43/n ha composite after three *** results raise that the grain refinement by FSP and introduction of n ha partic

关键词： Friction stir processing Magnesium-based composite Nano-hydroxyapatite Corrosion behavior in-vitro bioactivity

Comparative Chemical Research in Essential Oils from Six Apiaceae Species Growing in the Northern Region of Vietnam

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Phyton-international Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1677-1687页

作者： Nguyen Quang Hung Nguyen Thanh Tung Nguyen Phuong hanh Chu Thi Thu ha Nguyen Thi Nhung Nguyen Thai An Vu Xuan Giang Luong Van hao Oleh Koshovyi Ain Raal institute of Ecology and Biological Resources Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology(VAST)Cau GiayHa Noi100000Viet Nam Graduate University of Science and Technology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology(VAST)Cau GiayHa Noi100000Viet Nam Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacognosy and Traditional MedicineHanoi University of PharmacyHoan KiemHa Noi100000Viet Nam Sa Pa Research Center of Medicinal Materials National Institute of Medicinal MaterialsDien Bien PhuSa PaLao Cai330000Viet Nam institute of Pharmacy Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TartuTartu50411Estonia

Our study aimed to compare the essential oil(EO)concentration and composition of several Apiaceae species growing in the Northern region of *** yields of EOs from materials ranged from 0.03%(root EO of Angelica acutiloba and aerial parts EO of Heracleum bivittatum)-0.27%(leaf EO of Xyloselinum vietnamense).Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)allowed the identiﬁcation of 74 components in the EOs of six Apiaceae species,making up 94.4%–100.0%of the *** EO from Angelica acutiloba,(z)-ligustilide accounted for an extremely large proportion(94.9%).EO of Angelica pubescens was dominated by six character-istic components includingα-pinene(21.5%),β-phellandrene(18.1%),p-cymene(12.2%),3-methylnonane(8.7%),o-cymene(8.1%),and D-sylvestrene(6.2%).The EO from Cryptotaenia japonica was characterized by high amounts ofα-selinene(48.7%),β-selinene(23.7%),and trans-β-farnesene(5.4%).The EOs from leaves and stems of Xyloselinum vietnamense were characterized by high concentrations of sabinene(69.8%and 33.8%),4-terpineol(8.7%and 7.4%)andβ-pinene(4.0%and 6.5%)while EOs from aerial parts and root of Xylo-selinum leonidii comprise four characteristic monoterpenes includingα-pinene(28.2%and 52.8%),β-pinene(7.9%and 10.3%),β-phellandrene(7.6%and 15.3%),and sabinene(3.0%and 4.1%).Additionally,cryptone is also one of the major components in the EO of Xyloselinum leonidii(13.2%in the aerial parts oil and 2.8%in the root oil).in the EOs isolated from the aerial parts and root of Heracleum bivittatum,α-pinene(22.5%and 70.2%)andβ-pinene(43.2%and 20.0%)were the predominant *** appeared in the EO from aerial parts of Heracleum bivittatum with a relatively high concentration(13.5%)while bornyl acetate(5.1%)was also one of the main components in the EO from its aerial parts but was not detected in other Apiaceae species in the present *** databases help identify and control the quality of plant material studied from the family Apiaceae growing in Vietnam.

关键词： Apiaceae essential oil terpenoids gaschromatography-mass spectrometry

is convenience really king? Comparative evaluation of catastrophic costs due to tuberculosis in the public and private healthcare sectors of Viet Nam: a longitudinal patient cost study

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 17-28页

作者： Nguyen Hoa Binh Quang Vo Luan Nguyen Forse Rachel Jeanette Wiemers Anja Maria Christine Huynh Huy ba Dong Thuy Thi Thu Phan Yen Thi Hoang Creswell Jacob Dang Thi Minh ha Nguyen Lan Huu Shedrawy Jad L?nnroth Knut Nguyen Tuan Dinh Van Dinh Luong Annerstedt Kristi Sidney Codlin Andrew James National Lung Hospital Ha Noi Viet Nam Friends for international TB Relief Ha Noi Viet Nam Department of Global Public Health WHO Collaboration Centre On Tuberculosis and Social Medicine Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden Stop TB Partnership Geneva Switzerland Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

background in Viet Nam, tuberculosis (TB) represents a devastating life-event with an exorbitant price tag, partly due to lost income from daily directly observed therapy in public sector care. Thus, persons with TB may seek care in the private sector for its flexibility, convenience, and privacy. Our study aimed to measure income changes, costs and catastrophic cost incurrence among TB-affected households in the public and private *** Between October 2020 and March 2022, we conducted 110 longitudinal patient cost interviews, among 50 patients privately treated for TB and 60 TB patients treated by the National TB Program (NTP) in ha Noi, hai Phong and Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Using a local adaptation of the WHO TB patient cost survey tool, participants were interviewed during the intensive phase, continuation phase and post-treatment. We compared income levels, direct and indirect treatment costs, catastrophic costs using Wilcoxon rank-sum and chi-squared tests and associated risk factors between the two cohorts using multivariate *** The pre-treatment median monthly household income was significantly higher in the private sector versus NTP cohort (USD 868 vs USD 578;P=0.010). However, private sector treatment was also significantly costlier (USD 2075 vs USD 1313;P=0.005), driven by direct medical costs which were 4.6 times higher than costs reported by NTP participants (USD 754 vs USD 164;Pis resulted in no significant difference in catastrophic costs between the two cohorts (Private: 55% vs NTP: 52%;P=0.675). Factors associated with catastrophic cost included being a single-person household [adjusted odds ratio [(aOR=13.71; 95% confidence interval (Ci): 1.36–138.14;P=0.026], unemployment during treatment (aOR=10.86; 95%Ci: 2.64–44.60;Piencing TB-related stigma (aOR=37.90; 95%Ci: 1.72–831.73;P=0.021).Conclusions Persons with TB in Viet Nam face similarly high risk of catastrophic costs whether treated in the

关键词： Tuberculosis Patient cost Catastrophic cost Private sector Comparative analysis Viet Nam

Randomized controlled trial of minimally invasive surgery using acellular dermal matrix for complex anorectal fistula

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第26期16卷 3279-3286页

作者： Ma-Mu-Ti-Jiang A ba-bai-ke-re Er-ha-Ti Ai Anorectal Surgical Department First Aff iliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University

AiM: To compare the efficacy and safety of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) bioprosthetic material and endorectal advancement flap (ERAF) in treatment of complex anorectal fistula. METHODS: Ninety consecutive patients with complex anorectal fistulae admitted to Anorectal Surgical Department of First Affi liated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University from March 2008 to July 2009, were enrolled in this study. Complex anorectal fistula was diagnosed following its clinical, radiographic, or endoscopic diagnostic criteria. Under spinal anesthesia, patients underwent identification and irrigation of the fistula tracts using hydrogen peroxide. ADM was securely sutured at the secondary opening to the primary opening using absorbable suture. Outcomes of ADM and ERAF closure werecompared in terms of success rate, fecal incontinence rate, anorectal deformity rate, postoperative pain time, closure time and life quality score. Success was defined as closure of all external openings, absence of drainage without further intervention, and absence of abscess formation. Follow-up examination was performed 2 d, 2, 4, 6, 12 wk, and 5 mo after surgery, respectively. RESULTS: No patient was lost to follow-up. The overall success rate was 82.22% (37/45) 5.7 mo after surgery. ADM dislodgement occured in 5 patients (11.11%), abscess formation was found in 1 patient, and fistula recurred in 2 patients. Of the 13 patients with recurrent fistula using ERAF, 5 (11.11%) received surgical drainage because of abscess formation. The success rate, postoperative pain time and closure time of ADM were significantly higher than those of ERAF (P ifference was observed in fecal incontinence rate and anorectal deformity rate after treatment with ADM and ERAF. CONCLUSiON: Closure of fistula tract opening with ADM is an effective procedure for complex anorectal fistula. ADM should be considered a first line treatment for patients with complex anorectal fistula.

关键词： Acellular dermal matrix Surgery Transsphincteric complex fistula

妊娠晚期B族溶血性链球菌宫内感染患者血清iL-1β和iL-10表达与阴道微生态及妊娠结局的关系

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中国病原生物学杂志 2024年第11期19卷 1255-1259页

作者：巴特刘飞飞宋娇中国医科大学附属盛京医院第一产科病辽宁沈阳110000

目的了解妊娠晚期B族溶血性链球菌(GBS)宫内感染患者血清白介素-1β(iL-1β)和白介素-10(iL-10)表达水平,以及与阴道微生态及妊娠结局的关系。方法选择2019年10月-2024年1月收治的239例妊娠晚期孕妇作为研究对象,依据是否发生宫内感染分... 详细信息

目的了解妊娠晚期B族溶血性链球菌(GBS)宫内感染患者血清白介素-1β(iL-1β)和白介素-10(iL-10)表达水平,以及与阴道微生态及妊娠结局的关系。方法选择2019年10月-2024年1月收治的239例妊娠晚期孕妇作为研究对象,依据是否发生宫内感染分为GBS感染组(68例)及未感染组(171例)。依据GBS感染患者妊娠情况分为良好妊娠组(42例)及不良妊娠组(26例)。收集患者一般资料,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELiSA)检测患者血清iL-1β和iL-10水平,分析GBS感染患者血清iL-1β和iL-10水平与不同阴道微环境的关系,比较不同妊娠结局患者实验室指标及血清iL-1β和iL-10水平,多因素Logistic回归分析GBS感染患者不良妊娠结局的影响因素,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清iL-1β和iL-10水平对GBS感染患者不良妊娠结局的诊断价值。结果GBS感染组患者血清iL-1β、iL-10水平高于未感染组(PiL-1β、iL-10水平与Nugent评分、阴道清洁度及pH值有关(Pba1c、iL-1β及iL-10水平高于良好妊娠组(PiL-1β(95%Ci:1.649-9.108)、iL-10(95%Ci:1.483-11.701)水平是GBS感染患者不良妊娠结局的影响因素(PiL-1β、iL-10联合诊断GBS感染患者不良妊娠结局的AUC高于iL-1β单独诊断的AUC(z=2.088,P=0.037)、高于iL-10单独诊断的AUC(z=2.038,P=0.042)。结论妊娠晚期GBS感染患者血清iL-1β、iL-10水平升高,其水平变化与阴道微生态及妊娠结局相关。

关键词： B族溶血性链球菌妊娠晚期宫内感染白介素-1β 白介素-10 阴道微生态妊娠结局

The acceleration of a high-charge electron bunch to 10 GeV in a 10-cm nanoparticle-assisted wakefield accelerator

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 15-24页

作者： Constantin Aniculaesei Thanh ha Samuel Yoffe Lance Labun Stephen Milton Edward McCary Michael M.Spinks Hernan J.Quevedo Ou z.Labun Ritwik Sain Andrea.ha.nasch Rafal zgadzaj isabella Pagano Jose A.Franco-Altamirano Martin L.Ringuette Erhart Gaul Scott V.Luedtke Ganesh Tiwari Bernhard Ersfeld Enrico Brunetti hartmut Ruhl Todd Ditmire Sandra Bruce Michael E.Donovan Michael C.Downer Dino A.Jaroszynski Bjorn Manuel Hegelich University of Texas at Austin AustinTexas 78712USA SUPA Department of Physics University of StrathclydeGlasgowScotland G4 ONGUnited Kingdom Tau Systems Inc.AustinTexas 78701USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCalifornia 94550USA Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNew York 11973USA Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MunichGermany

An intense laser pulse focused onto a plasma can excite nonlinear plasma *** appropriate conditions,electrons from the background plasma are trapped in the plasma wave and accelerated to ultra-relativistic *** scheme is called a laser wakefield *** this work,we present results from a laser wakefield acceleration experiment using a petawatt-class laser to excite the wakefields as well as nanoparticles to assist the injection of electrons into the accelerating phase of the *** find that a 10-cm-long,nanoparticle-assisted laser wakefield accelerator can generate 340 pC,10±1.86 GeV electron bunches with a 3.4 GeV rms convolved energy spread and a 0.9 mrad rms *** can also produce bunches with lower energies in the 4–6 GeV range.

关键词： acceleration nanoparticle charge