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Birds’Diversity in Kalfou Forest Reserve and Its Peripheral Zone, Far North, Cameroon

Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 137-155页

作者： Ghislain Noé Kougoum Piebeng Simon A. Tamungang Daksala Wansang Jean Tonleu Laurentine Soufo Muhammad Bilal Awa II Taku a.exis teguia Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Forestry and Wildlife Technology College of Technology University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Environmental Sciences Higher Polytechnical Training School University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Biology Virtual University of Pakistan Rawalpindi Campus Punjab Pakistan Department of Animal Production Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

The Far North Region of Cameroon is home to a great diversity of bird species, which unfortunately remains very little explored. This work was initiated to establish an inventory of birds and the factors affecting their diversity and distribution for sustainable management in the Kalfou Forest Reserve (KFR) and its periphery. Two methods were used for sampling, linear strip transects from which direct counts and indirect observations were made and the mist netting to complement the first. In total, 2525 birds were observed, including 149 species, belonging to 20 orders and 55 families. Accipitridae had the greatest number of species (11). The species richness was greater in the KFR (117 species) compared to the periphery (95 species). The specific richness was higher in wooded savannah compared to other habitats. Shannon index was significantly higher in the KFR (3.99) compared to that obtained in the periphery (3.80). The value of the Simpson index was higher on the outskirts of the KFR than on the periphery. The indices of species diversity were greater in the wooded savannah compared to other vegetation types. The seasons had no influence on bird diversity. Among the human activities encountered, the pressure indices were more important for grazing (7.3 contacts/km). Human activities have resulted in a significant decrease in specific richness. Six endangered species were encountered, four belonging to the Accipitridae family. The greater bird diversity in the reserve compared to the periphery shows that protected areas are a long-term solution for biodiversity conservation.

关键词： Bird Diversity Habitats Bird Species Human Activities Conservation Kalfou

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Indigenous Breeding Practices in Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagris) as Influenced by Plumage Features in Northern Cameroon

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第4期13卷 443-457页

作者： Jean Massawa Dongmo Djiotsa Francis Gustave Simo a.exis teguia Biotechnology and Bio Informatics Research Unit Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Doctoral Training Unit Animal Genetic Improvement Department of Breeding and Biostatistics University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon Molecular Parasitology & Entomology Sub-Unit Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Animal Nutrition and Feeding Research Unit Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

The objective of this work was to draw up an inventory of environmental and anthropogenic factors linked to indigenous breeding practices of guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) influenced by plumage characteristics. The information was collected using the snowball technique and using a formal questionnaire developed (AU-IBAR, 2015). The dominant plumage is pearl gray with a frequency of 38.89% followed by black (13.85%). In total, 154 adult animals were lost by operators with a frequency of 22.95%. According to plumage, white comes first with a frequency of 51.61% followed by Lavender plumage (36.58%). Predation is the major constraint with a frequency of 35.72%. The guinea fowl most targeted by predators are the white guinea fowl with a frequency of 56.25%, while predation is low for black plumage (25%), royal purple (33.34) and pearl gray (34.69). The pearl gray guinea fowl and the royal purple guinea fowl appear to have a more developed wild instinct, which explains the frequency of recorded escapes. White plumage is perceived as being more docile during breeding and tends to exhibit better resistance to heat stress compared to other phenotypes, making it more valued for traditional rituals. Dark plumage seems more sought after in breeding for its supposed prolificacy, its resistance to infections and its weight. According to breeders, the dominance relationship mainly depends on the number of individuals of the same plumage. Dark plumage in significant numbers in most flocks seems to have dominance in terms of food and choice of sexual partners, which would explain their large numbers.

关键词： Indigenous Breeding Guinea Fowl Plumage Features

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The Detection of Inter-Turn Short Circuits in the Stator Windings of Sensorless Operating Induction Motors

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2021年第3期9卷 653-681页

作者： Jean Blaise teguia Godpromesse Kenne Alain Tewa Soup Kammogne Georges Collince Fouokeng Arnaud Nanfak Unité de Recherche de Matière Condensée d’Electronique et de Traitement de Signal (UR-MACETS) Département de Physique Faculté des Sciences Université de Dschang Dschang Cameroun Unité de Recherche d’Automatique et d’Informatique Appliquée (UR-AIA) Département de Génie Electrique IUT FOTSO Victor Bandjoun Université de Dschang Bandjoun Cameroun Laboratoire Energie Matériaux Modélisation et Méthodes (LE3M) Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique de Douala Université de Douala Douala Cameroun

This work proposes an alternative strategy to the use of a speed sensor in the implementation of active and reactive power based model reference adaptive system (PQ-MRAS) estimator in order to calculate the rotor and stator resistances of an induction motor (IM) and the use of these parameters for the detection of inter-turn short circuits (ITSC) faults in the stator of this motor. The rotor and stator resistance estimation part of the IM is performed by the PQ-MRAS method in which the rotor angular velocity is reconstructed from the interconnected high gain observer (IHGO). The ITSC fault detection part is done by the derivation of stator resistance estimated by the PQ-MRAS estimator. In addition to the speed sensorless detection of ITSC faults of the IM, an approach to determine the number of shorted turns based on the difference between the phase current of the healthy and faulty machine is proposed. Simulation results obtained from the MATLAB/Simulink platform have shown that the PQ-MRAS estimator using an interconnected high-gain observer gives very similar results to those using the speed sensor. The estimation errors in the cases of speed variation and load torque are almost identical. Variations in stator and rotor resistances influence the performance of the observer and lead to poor estimation of the rotor resistance. The results of ITSC fault detection using IHGO are very similar to the results in the literature using the same diagnostic approach with a

关键词： Inter-Turn Short Circuits Active and Reactive Power Based Model Reference Adaptive System Interconnected High Gain Observer Fault Detection

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Morphometric Traits Differentiation and Phenotypic Diversity of Two Snail Species Ecotypes Archachatina marginata and Achatina fulica in the Western Highlands of Cameroon

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第3期13卷 345-363页

作者： Gorothy Nkwendem Djouatsa Blaise Arnaud Hako Touko Sandrine Tsayo Tchinda Constantin Nzwessa Félix Meutchieye a.exis teguia Biotechnology and Bio-Informatics Research Unit Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Buhl Data Services GmbH Software Development Germany Siegen Germany Animal Production and Nutrition Research Unit Department of Animal Sciences Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

This study was conducted from June 2021 to January 2023 to assess the genetic diversity of giant African snails in the western highlands of Cameroon. A total of 652 snails were randomly collected from the wild in three localities in the western highlands (Bafang, Bafoussam, and Santchou). The study revealed significant variations in morphobiometric characteristics both between species and localities. The predominant shell coloration was brownish with yellow zigzag stripes (65%), while the dominant coloration for shell openings was whitish (48%). Regarding foot coloration, both brown with spotted black and black with spotted brown colorations were dominant (29%). The highest recorded live weight of snails (39.33 ± 34) was found in the species Archachatina marginata. In terms of length measurements (in mm), the length of the right and left sides of the shell was higher in the A. fulica species (49.8 ± 19.7 mm and 40.07 ± 18 mm, respectively). Bafang exhibited the highest values for shell length (56 ± 11 mm) and shell width (46.52 ± 11.46 mm). A. fulica recorded the highest shell length (81.5 ± 27 mm), while A. marginata recorded the highest shell width (49.6 ± 12.1 mm), with the highest values observed in A. fulica from fulica having a slightly higher aperture width value (30 ± 10 mm) compared to A. marginata, while A. marginata had the highest value for aperture length measurement (54.5 ± 12 mm). A. fulica also exhibited the highest values for the length from apex to the first whorl and the length from left to right of the first whorl (43.2 ± 18 mm and 39 ± 19.8 mm, respectively). Strong and positive correlations were observed between the live weight of snails and body measurements regardless of species, except for the number of whorls, which showed very weak or negative correlations with other body measurements. The results of Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) revealed three distinct snail population types. These findings provide valuable insights into the phenoty

关键词： Phenotype Diversity Ecotypes Western Highlands of Cameroon

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Effects of Desmodium uncinatum Leaf Meal in the Diet on Lohmann Brown Hens’ Laying Performance and Eggs Quality

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第1期13卷 166-178页

作者： Hervé Mube Kuietche Cyrille D’Alex Tadondjou Rubens Ngouana Tadjong Josiane Lobeng Mouaffo Fostso Jean Raphael Kana a.exis teguia Faculty of Agriculture and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon National Higher Polytechnic School of Maroua University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Higher Teacher Training School of Bambili University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon

A cheap, safe and available alternative protein source to soybean is a huge priority for the developing world. This study is aimed at evaluating the effects of Desmodium uncinatum leaf meal incorporation levels in the diet on Lohmann Brown hens’ laying performances. For this purpose, 60 Lohmann Brown hens aged 33 weeks with an average weight of 1.78 kg were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups of 20 birds each with 4 replicates. The experimental treatments consisted of DULM 0, DULM5, and DULM10 containing 0, 5 and 10 kg of D. uncinatum leaf meal (DULM) per 100 kg of feed respectively. The results reveal that except for the weights of hens, laying performances were significantly affected (p 5. On the other hand, the diet with 10% of DULM (DULM10) recorded the highest relative shell weight, feed conversion ratio and egg price. Nevertheless, the mortality rate found in this study was 0% for all treatments confirming the good quality of DULM as protein feedstuff for layer. It was concluded that incorporation levels of D. uncinatum leaves at 5% in the diet improved the laying performances of Lohmann Brown hens.

关键词： Desmodium uncinatum Laying Hens Egg Production Egg Quality

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Effect of dietary energy level on body weight, testicular development and semen quality of local barred chicken of the western highlands of Cameroon

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2013年第3期1卷 38-43页

作者： Cyrille D’Alex Tadondjou Ferdinand Ngoula Ferdinand Ngoula Henry Fuelefack Defang Herve Kuietche Mube a.exis teguia Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

This study was designed to examine the effects of dietary energy levels on some growth and reproductive parameters of local barred chickens in Cameroon. For this purpose, One hundred and forty four day-old barred male chicks, weighing 28.33 g in average were randomly divided into 12 groups of 12 chicks each. Three feeding programs (FP) comprising each a starter diet from day old to 12 weeks (S0: 2800 Kcal/Kg;S1: 2900 Kcal/Kg;S2: 3000 Kcal/Kg) and grower diet from 13 to 20 weeks (G0: 2900 Kcal/Kg;G1: 3000 Kcal/ Kg;G2: 3100 Kcal/Kg) were used and designated FP1, FP2 and FP3 respectively. Each of the FP was randomly allotted of 4 groups of 12 birds in a completely randomized design. Throughout experiment (1 day old to 20 weeks), body weight was recovered every 2 weeks. At 20 weeks of age, roosters were sacrificed;semen characteristic was analyzed and testes were characterized. Between 2 to 10 weeks old, body weight of cocks fed with FP3 was significantly higher (P < 0.05) as compared to others FP. Inversely, from 12 to 20 weeks, body weight of cocks receiving FP1 was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of cocks receiving feeding programs 2 and 3. At 20 weeks, 100% of cocks fed on FP3 produced semen versus 66.66% and 16.66% respectively for those on FP1 and FP2. Semen volume and mass motility of cocks fed on FP3 or FP1 were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than FP2. It was concluded that FP1 had more suitable dietary energy levels for growth and reproduction of local barred cocks.

关键词： Energy Body Weight Testes Semen Puberty Local Barred Chicken

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Effect of the Quail Phenotype and Breeding Age on Egg Laying and Characteristics

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2021年第2期11卷 208-221页

作者： Djitie Kouatcho François Alvine Eleonor Akana Razvan Mihail Radu-Rusu Alina Teodorescu Marius Giorgi Usturoi Ferdinand Ngoula a.exis teguia Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon Department of Life Sciences HTTS Bertoua University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon Department of Animal Production Management Animal Science Faculty UASVM Iasi Iasi Romania Department of Animal Science FASA University of Dschang Cameroon Dschang Cameroon

In order to evaluate the effect of phenotype and quail age on laying rate and egg characteristics, a study has been carried out in Ngaoundéré from February to August 2019. 216 quails were divided into 36 batches of 6 animals each (5 females and 1 male) according to age and phenotype. The experimental animals were white, spotted white, grey and brown phenotypes and were one, six and ten months old. Eggs were collected for three weeks between 8 pm - 4 pm and 4 pm - 8 pm, counted, weighed and measured. 15 eggs per phenotype were randomly selected, broken individually, which allowed the internal parameters to be evaluated. The main results show that the quails laid more eggs between 4 pm - 8 pm, the highest laying rate was obtained in quails at one moth of laying and the spotted white phenotype had a high laying rate (74.03%) compared to other phenotypes. At one month of breeding age, quails with the spotted white phenotype showed a hig

关键词： Oviposition Eggs Plumage Colour Quail Sudano-Guinean Zone

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Growth Performance of Muscovy Ducks (<i>Cairina moschata</i>) Fed Palm Kernel Meal Based Diets

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2020年第3期10卷 346-361页

作者： Ruben Ngouana Tadjong Kana Jean Raphaël Yemdji Mane Divine Doriane Kamkade Yves Edie Nounamo Longston Wilfried teguia a.exis Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Science of Yabassi Aquaculture Department Laboratory of Aquaculture and Demography of Fisher-ies Resources University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences Department of Animal Science Laboratory of Animal Nutrition University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

From a total of 80 fertile eggs incubated naturally by female ducks, healthy sexed ducklings (n = 64, 32 males and 32 females ducklings) were randomly selected and allotted to four dietary treatments with four replicates, in a completely randomized design in order to evaluate the effect of varying levels of palm kernel meal (PKM) on performance of ducklings. The dietary treatments comprised R0-control ration, R50-50% PKM replacement, R75-75% PKM re-placement and R100-100% PKM replacement of soyabean meal. The main results revealed that the apparent digestive coefficients of dry matter (81.12%), organic matter (83.98%) and NDF (81.10%) were higher with the ration in which 50% (R50-50% PKM replacement of soyabean meal) of soybean was replaced by palm kernel meal. The highest feed intake in male was recorded with the ration containing 75% (R75-75% PKM replacement of soyabean meal) of palm kernel. This same ration (R75-75% PKM replacement of soyabean meal) equally induced the highest live weight and weight gain in females. The experimental design and arrangement is a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement with two sexes and four levels of PKM. In males, the control ration without palm kernel meal induced the highest live weight and highest cumulative weight gain. The lowest feed conversion ratio (p 0.05) affected by the incorporation of palm kernel meal into the diet. Urea serum content tends to decrease with the increasing level of palm kernel meal in feed. In conclusion, soybean meal can advantageously be repla

关键词： Digestibility Performance Muscovy Duck Palm Kernel Meal Soybean Meal

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Effects of Graded Levels of Joy Perfume Tree (<i>Pentadiplandra brazzeana</i>) Powder in Drinking Water on Growth Performance, Gut Microbiota and Haemato-Biochemical Parameters of Broiler Chickens

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2020年第3期10卷 514-527页

作者： Tsafack Boris Necdem Kana Jean Raphaël Yemdjie Mane Divine Ebile Dayan Agwah Ngouana Tadjong Ruben Donfack Mikael Tchouan Deffo Gilchrist Kengni Noubissie Josiane teguia a.exis Animal Production and Nutrition Research Unit Department of Animal sciences Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Laboratory of Aquatic Ressources Department of Aquaculture Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

The restriction of antibiotic growth promoters in livestock nutrition has led to a growing interest in plant feed additives. This study was designed to assess the production performance of broiler chickens fed on graded levels of Pentadiplandra brazzeana powder in drinking water. A total of 448 day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to seven treatment groups with 4 replicates of 16 birds each (08 males and 08 females). Pentadiplandra brazzeana root was grounded and incorporated at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 g/L of drinking water. Control rations consisted of diet without any supplement (T0) and antibiotic (1 g/kg) medicated diet (T0+). Throughout the experimental period (49 days) feed intake was not significantly (p > 0.05) affected by graded levels of Pentadiplandra brazzeana except for 5 g/L of water that significantly (p Pentadiplandra brazzeana/L recorded a higher (p 0.05) affected irrespective of the level of incorporation of the test spice in drinking water. Serum content in urea was significantly lower (p Pentadiplandra brazzeana/L compared to all other treatments. ASAT, ALAT, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL-cholesterol were not significantly affected by the inclusion of Pentadiplandra brazzeana powder in drinking water. Feeding chickens with up to 4 g of Pentadiplandra brazzeana significantly increased (p < 0.05) lactic acid bacteria count. E. coli and salmonella counts significantly (p < 0.05) decreased with the spice in water as compared to the control diet. In conclusion, the administration of u

关键词： Broilers Growth Performance Gut Microbiota Haemato-Biochemical Parameters Pentadiplandra brazzeana

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Antibacterial Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Zehneria scabra on Quails Artificially Infected with Salmonella Enteritidis

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2021年第11期9卷 387-396页

作者： Herman M.F Biekop Marc K Kouam Vivian Yengeh Gabriel T Kamsu Bridget Katte a.exis teguia Biekop Herman Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural SciencesPO BOX 188DschangCameroon Center for Research on Filariases and other Tropical Diseases(CRFilMT) P.O.Box 5797YaoundéCameroon Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances Research Unit Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DschangCameroon 不详

Antimicrobial use in livestock is faced with various challenges including emergence of antimicrobial resistance and presence of drug residues in meat products,hence the need for *** aim of this work was to assess the effect a plant(Zehneria scabra)extract on Salmonella infected quails,as an alternative to antibiotic *** were randomly assigned into six groups each containing twelve *** neutral control(T0)group was not infected and received tap water whereas other groups were *** negative control(T-)received tap *** positive control(T+)received a single dose of oxytetracycline(20 mg/kg).T1,T2 andT3 orally received the plant extract at the following respective doses:9,18 and 37 mg/*** were infected by oral administration of a single dose of Salmonella Enteritidis(10^(5)CFU).Haematological and biochemical parameters were *** day 2 to day 9 to day 16,the bacterial load of all treatment groups(T+,T1,T2,T3)*** infection resulted in a significant(p<0.05)increase in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase,triglycerides,total cholesterol and white blood cells,and a significant decrease in the liver and kidney protein *** treatment resulted in the correction of the aforementioned *** plant extract(18 mg/kg)is as effective as oxytetracycline,and can be safely used in phytomedicine for the treatment of Salmonella Enteritidis infection without kidney and liver damage.

关键词： Zehneria scabra Salmonella Enteritidis antisalmonellal activity quails

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