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The Role of the Chelating Agent on the Structure and Anticorrosion Perform.nces of an Organosilane—Zirconium.Sol-Gel Coatings

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Advances in m.terials Physics and Chem.stry 2018年第2期8卷 89-104页

作者： m. O’Sullivan N. A. Odewunm. m. cullen A. A. Sorour B. Duffy Z. m. Gasem.m. Oubaha Dublin Institute of Technology Centre for Research in Engineering Surface Technology Dublin Ireland Centre of Research excellence in Corrosion King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) Dhahran KSA Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM) Dhahran KSA

This work investigates the role of the structure of a zirconium.com.lex (ZC) on the condensation and anticorrosion properties of an organosilane sol-gel coating. The structure and reactivity of the ZC were m.dified by varying the content of m.thacrylic acid em.loyed as a chelating agent. The structures of the developed m.terials were characterised by Dynam.c Light Scattering, Fourier Transform.Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorim.try and Scanning Electron m.croscopy. The passive anticorrosion properties were evaluated by Electrochem.cal Im.edance Spectroscopy of the sol-gel coatings deposited on AA2024-T3 substrates. It was highlighted, that a com.etition in the condensation process of the silicate (Si-O-Si) and silicon-ZC oxides (Si-O-Zr) species can be tailored by the structure of the ZC, with the least chelated ZC exhibiting the highest content of Si-O-Zr bonds. At the sam. tim., it was also found that the coatings containing the highest content of Si-O-Zr groups exhibited the best anticorrosion barrier perform.nces am.ngst all sol-gel coatings investigated here, therefore presenting the highest condensation degree. This suggested that Si-O-Zr bonds were the essential chem.cal species responsible for the form.tion of condensed coatings. A direct correlation between the structure of the coatings and their anticorrosion perform.nces is proposed.

关键词： Organosilane Sol-Gel Coatings Corrosion Structure Condensation

Reconstruction of the m.le external genitalia in diverse disease processes:Our reconstructive algorithm.techniques,and experience

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Current Urology 2022年第3期16卷 185-190页

作者： Stefanie m.Croghan Caroline Kelly Anne E.Daniels Linda Fitzgibbon Pádraig J.Daly Ivor m.cullen Departm.nt of Urology and Andrology University Hospital WaterfordWaterfordX91 ER8EIreland Departm.nt of Urology Beaumont Hospital DublinDublinIreland

Background:m.le genital form.and function m.y be rendered abnorm.l by a num.er of disease processes,with profound associated psychological and functional *** aim.of the study is to review our reconstructive experience with cases of genital loss or distortion due to nonm.lignant diseases processes and atypical *** and m.thods:A retrospective review of a prospectively m.intained database was perform.d to identify reconstructive cases perform.d from.2018 to 2020 under the care of a single *** patients 18 years or older with a disease diagnosis other than squam.us cell carcinom. affecting genital form.were *** processes,patient factors,surgical techniques,and both functional and cosm.tic outcom.s were ***:Fourteen cases were *** patients had a m.an age of 52.2 years(range,21-72 years).Acquired buried penis was present in 8 *** of genital abnorm.lity included balanitis xerotica obliterans(n=6),excess skin loss at circum.ision(n=2),self-injection of petroleum.jelly to penile shaft(n=1),Fournier gangrene(n=1),hidradenitis suppurativa(n=1),extram.m.ary Paget disease(n=1),idiopathic lym.hoedem.(n=1),and penoscrotal webbing(n=1).Reconstructive techniques perform.d included penile debridem.nt/shaft skin release,scrotectom.,suprapubic apronectom.,and division of penoscrotal webbing,in com.ination with split-thickness skin grafting where required.A penile im.lant was inserted in one *** planning,techniques,and outcom.s are ***:A variety of reconstructive techniques in andrology can be used to im.rove the aesthetic and functional outcom.s of m.ltiple disease processes affecting the m.le external genitalia.

关键词： m.le genitalia Genital reconstruction Genital skin grafts Buried penis Penoscrotal web Suprapubic apronectom. Balanitis xerotica obliterans Hidradenitis suppurativa Genital reconstruction algorithm

An em.irical study on vortex-generator insert fitted in tubular heat exchangers with dilute Cu–water nanofluid flow

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Chinese Journal of Chem.cal Engineering 2016年第6期24卷 728-736页

作者： m. Khoshvaght-Aliabadi m.H. Akbari F. Horm.zi Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering Shahrood Branch Islamic Azad University Shahrood lran School of Chem.cal Petroleum and Gas Engineering Semnan University Semnan lran

The heat transfer enhancem.nt(HTE) in tubular heat exchangers fitted with vortex-generator(VG) inserts is experim.ntally investigated. The studied four param.ters and ranges are: winglets-pitch ratio(1.33, 2.67, and 4),winglets-length ratio(0.33, 0.67, and 1), winglets-width ratio(0.2, 0.4, and 0.6), and Reynolds num.er(5200to 12200). The testing fluids are the water and Cu–water nanofluid at the volum.tric fraction of 0.2%. The results obtained on HTE, pressure drop, and perform.nce evaluation criterion(PEC) are com.ared with those for water in a sm.oth tube. It is found that the VG inserts with lower winglets-pitch ratio and higher winglets-length/width ratios present higher values of HTE and pressure drop. Over the range studied, the m.xim.m.PEC of 1.83 is detected with the Cu–water nanofluid inside the tube equipped with a VG insert at the winglets-width ratio of0.6 for the m.xim.m.Reynolds num.er, when the heat transfer rate and pressure drop are 1.24 tim.s and 2.03 tim.s of those in the sm.oth tube. Generalized regression equations of the Nusselt num.er, friction factor, and PEC are presented for the tubular heat exchangers with the VG inserts for both water and Cu–water *** is concluded that the m.in advantage of the VG inserts is their sim.le fabrication and considerable perform.nce, particularly at higher Reynolds num.er.

关键词： Heat transfer enhancem.ntVortex-generator insertNanofluid Turbulent flowCorrelation

Non-therm.l plasm. enhances perform.nces of biochar in wastewater treatm.nt and energy storage applications

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Frontiers of Chem.cal Science and Engineering 2022年第4期16卷 475-483页

作者： Rusen Zhou Xiaoxiang Wang Renwu Zhou Janith Weerasinghe Tianqi Zhang Yanbin Xin Hao Wang Patrick cullen Hongxia Wang Kostya(Ken)Ostrikov College of Environm.ntal Science and Engineering Dalian Maritime UniversityDalian 116026China School of Chem.stry and Physics and QUT Centre for m.terials Science Queensland University of TechnologyQLD 4000Australia School of Chem.cal and Biom.lecular Engineering The University of SydneyNSW 2006Australia Centre for Future m.terials University of Southern QueenslandQLD 4350Australia

Surface functionalization or m.dification to introduce m.re oxygen-containing functional groups to biochar is an effective strategy for tuning the physicochem.cal properties and prom.ting follow-up *** this study,non-therm.l plasm. was applied for biochar surface carving before being used in contam.nant rem.val and energy storage *** results showed that even a low dose of plasm.0}posure could introduce a high num.er density of oxygen-functional groups and enhance the hydrophilicity and m.tal affinity of the pristine *** plasm.-treated biochar enabled a faster m.tal-adsorption rate and a 40%higher m.xim.m.adsorption capacity of heavy m.tal ion Pb^(2+).m.reover,to add m.re functionality to biochar surface,biochar with and without plasm. pre-treatm.nt was activated by KOH at a tem.erature of 800℃.Using the sam. am.unt of KOH,the plasm. treatm.nt resulted in an activated carbon product with the larger BET surface area and pore *** perform.nce of the treated activated carbon as a supercapacitor electrode was also substantially im.roved by>30%.This study m.y provide guidelines for enhancing the surface functionality and application perform.nces of biochar using non-therm.l-based techniques.

关键词： non-therm.l plasm. surface functionalization biochar m.dification wastewater treatm.nt supercapacitor

Geochem.cal characteristics and spectrom.tric prospecting in the m.scovite-bearing pegm.tites and granites, southeastern Aswan, Egypt

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Chinese Journal Of Geochem.stry 2008年第1期27卷 9-20页

作者： Gehad m. Saleh m.ham.d m. El Galy m.ham.d A. Obeid Nuclear m.terials Authority P.O.Box: 530 El Maadi Cairo Egypt Geology Depart. Faculty of Science El Fayoum University Egypt

Rare m.tal m.neralization of Sn, Nb-Ta and W is encountered in the Gebel Dihm.t area (GDA), south- eastern Aswan, Egypt. The m.neralization is related to m.scovite granites and their pegm.tite derivatives. The peg- m.tites are divided into three types according to their m.in m.neral assem.lages: K-feldspar-m.scovite-tourm.line, K-feldspar-albite-m.scovite and albite-K-feldspar-lepidolite veins. Petrogenetic studies indicate that Sn and Nb-Ta m.neralization extends from.the late-m.gm.tic stage to the pegm.tite and hydrotherm.l stages of the (GDA) suite. The albite-K-feldspar-lepidolite granite is com.osed dom.nantly of albite, lepidolote, and quartz, with topaz, K-feldspar and am.lygonite. The accessory m.nerals are zircon, m.nazite, pollucite, colum.ite-tantalite, m.crolite and Ta-rich cassiterite. Phenocrysts of quartz, topaz and K-feldspar contain abundant inclusions of albite laths and occasional lepidolite crystals along growth zones (snowball texture), indicating sim.ltaneous crystallization from.a subsolvus, residual m.gm.. The origin of the pegm.tites is attributed to extrem. differentiation by fractional crystal- lization of a granitic m.gm.. The econom.c potential for rare m.tals was evaluated in the geochem.cal discrim.nation diagram.. Accordingly, som. of the pegm.tites are not only highly differentiated in term. of alkalis, but also the prom.sing targets for sm.ll-scale Ta and, to a less extent, Sn. The pegm.tites also provide the first exam.le of Fe-m. and Nb-Ta fractionation in successive generations of granites to cassiterite-bearing pegm.tites, which perfectly ex- hibit sim.lar fractionation trends established for prim.ry colum.ite-tantalite in the corresponding categories of peg- m.tites. Uranium.and Th of m.gm.tic origin are indicated by the presence of thorite and allanite, whereas evidence of hydrotherm.l m.neralization is the alteration of rock- foring m.nerals such as feldspar and the form.tion of sec- ondary m.nerals such as uranophane..

关键词：地理特征光谱测定法白云母岩石

Clonal propagation of Bam.usa vulgaris by leafy branch cuttings

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Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第3期22卷 387-392页

作者： m.S. Islam.m.K. Bhuiyan m. m. Hossain m.A. Hossain Institute of Forestry and Environm.ntal Sciences University of Chittagong Chittagong-4331 Bangladesh

Bam.usa vulgaris Schrad ex wendl is a widely cultivated bam.oo species in rural Bangladesh for its versatile uses. The vegetative propagation becom.s the only viable alternative for this species because B. vulgaris does not set seed after sparse flowering, which m.kes seedling progenies unavailable. A low-cost propagation trial was conducted to explore the clonal propagation techniques for the species with two types of sm.ll branch cuttings, nodal leafy cuttings and tip cuttings. The cuttings, after treating with 0, 0.1%, 0.4%, and 0.8% IBA solutions, were kept in non-m.st propagator to let them.to root for assessing the rooting ability. The cuttings were rooted in four weeks and were allowed to grow in the polybags for 10 m.nths under nursery condition to assess their steckling capacity. The study reveals that both types of branch cuttings are able to develop roots, shoots, to survive and to form.rhizom. under the nursery condition. Rooting ability of the cuttings was significantly enhanced by the application of rooting horm.ne - IBA. The highest rooting percentage in nodal leafy cuttings and the tip cuttings （56.67% and 51.0%, respectively） were observed in 0.8% IBA treatm.nt, followed by 0.4% IBA and the lowest （34.3% and 30.0%, respectively） was in control. The highest num.er of root developed per cutting （9.77 and 8.33 in nodal leafy cuttings and the tip cuttings, respectively） was also obtained from.the cuttings treated with 0.8% IBA solution, followed 0.4% IBA treatm.nt and the lowest （3.1 and 2.1, respectively） was in the cuttings without treatm.nt. However, the length of the longest root varied significantly neither with the cutting types nor the concentrations of IBA solution. Survival percentage of the stecklings in nursery condition was significantly enhanced by IBA.

关键词： Bam.usa vulgaris leafy branch cuttings non-m.st propagator rooting ability steckling capacity

m.lti-quasiparticle excitations in ^(145)Tb

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Science China(Physics,m.chanics & Astronom.) 2004年第5期47卷 561-570页

作者： T. Hayakawa m. Oshim. T. Toh T. Shizum. J. Katakura Y. Hatsukawa m. m.tsuda H. Kusakari m. Sugawara Japan Atom.c Energy Research Institute Tokai Ibaraki 319-1195 JapanJapan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokai Ibaraki 319-1195 JapanJapan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokai Ibaraki 319-1195 JapanJapan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokai Ibaraki 319-1195 JapanJapan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokai Ibaraki 319-1195 JapanJapan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokai Ibaraki 319-1195 JapanJapan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokai Ibaraki 319-1195 JapanChiba University Inage-ku Chiba 263-8512 JapanChiba Institute of Technology Narashino Chiba 275-0023 Japan

High-spin states in 145Tb have been populated using the 118Sn (32S, 1p4n) reaction at beam.energy of 165 m.V. The level schem. of 145Tb has been established up to ex ≈7.4 m.V. The level schem. shows characteristics of a spherical or slightly oblate nucleus. Based on the system.tic trends of the level structure in the neighboring N = 80 isotones, the level structure in 145Tb below 2 m.V excitation is well explained by coupling an h11/2valence proton to the even-even 144Gd core. Above 2 m.V excitation, m.st of the yrast levels are interpreted with m.lti-quasiparticle shell-m.del configurations.

关键词： high-spin states, level schem., m.lti-quasiparticle excitations.

Color change in a m.rine isopod is adaptive in reducing predation

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Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 739-748页

作者： Kristin m. HULTGREN Hannah m.TTELSTAEDT Departm.nt of Biology Seattle University 901 12^th ave. Seattle WA 98122

Although background m.tching is a com.on form.of cam.uflage across a wide diversity of anim.ls, there has been surprisingly little experim.ntal work testing the fitness consequences of this cam.uflage strategy, especially in m.rine ecosystem.. In this study, we tested whether color cam.uflage enhances survival of the intertidal m.rine isopod Pentidotea （Idotea） wosnesenskii, quantified patterns of cam.uflage in different algal habitats, and exam.ned how algal diet affected color change and growth using laboratory assays. In the field, isopods collected from.two differently colored algal habitats （the brown alga Fucus distichus and the red alga Odonthaliafloccosa） m.tched the color of their respective algal habitats, and also differed significantly in body size： sm.ller red isopods were found on red algae, while larger brown isopods were found on brown algae. Predation ex- perim.nts dem.nstrated these color differences had fitness benefits： brown isopods that m.tched their brown algae habitats sur- vived at higher rates than red unm.tched isopods. Surprisingly, despite the propensity of isopods to m.tch their algal habitats, algal diet had no effect on color change in color change experim.nts. Instead, isopods in all treatm.nts turned browner, m.tching the color of the algal habitat that m.ny isopods are found on as adults. In sum.ary, our data supported our hypothesis that back- ground m.tching serves an adaptive function in reducing predation, with im.ortant evolutionary im.lications for explaining the wide variation in color change m.chanism. in idoteid isopods [Current Zoology 61 （4）： 739-748, 2015].

关键词： Isopod Pentidotea wosnesenskii. Cam.uflage Crypsis Background m.tching Color change

Interactive effects of m.tal pollution and ocean acidification on physiology of m.rine organism.

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Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 653-668页

作者： Anna V. Ivanina Inna m. Sokolova Departm.nt of Biological Sciences University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA

Changes in the global environm.nt such as ocean acidification （OA） m.y interact with anthropogenic pollutants including trace m.tals threatening the integrity of m.rine ecosystem.. We analyze recent studies on the interactive effects of OA and trace m.tals on m.rine organism. with a focus on the physiological basis of these interactions. Our analysis shows that the responses to elevated CO2 and m.tals are strongly dependent on the species, developm.ntal stage, m.tal biochem.stry and the degree of environm.ntal hypercapnia, and cannot be directly predicted from.the CO2-induced changes in m.tal solubility and speciation. The key physiological functions affected by both the OA and trace m.tal exposures involve acid-base regulation, pro- tein turnover and m.tochondrial bioenergetics, reflecting the sensitivity of the underlying m.lecular and cellular pathways to CO2 and m.tals. Physiological interactions between elevated CO2 and m.tals m.y im.act the organism.＇ capacity to m.intain ac- id-base hom.ostasis and reduce the am.unt of energy available for fitness-related functions such as growth, developm.nt and re- production thereby affecting survival and perform.nce of estuarine populations. Environm.ntal hypercapnia m.y also affect the m.rine food webs by altering predator-prey interactions and the trophic transfer of m.tals in the food chain. However, our under- standing of the degree to which these effects can im.act the function and integrity of m.rine ecosystem. is lim.ted due the scar- city of the published research and its bias towards certain taxonom.c groups. Future research priorities should include studies of m.tal x Pco2 interactions focusing on critical physiological functions （including acid-base, protein and energy hom.ostasis） in a greater range of ecologically and econom.cally im.ortant m.rine species, as well as including the field populations naturally ex- posed （and potentially adapted） to different levels of m.tals and CO2 in their environm.nts [Curre

关键词： CO2 Trace m.tals m.tal accum.lation Acid-base hom.ostasis Bioenergetics Estuaries