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Involvement of Male Youth into Accidents in Upper Egypt: Pattern and Risk Analysis

Health 2015年第8期7卷 965-975页

作者： Raouf M. Afifi Sameh Sh. Zaytou Ahmed A. el Raggal Amani Qulali Hesham A. K. Ayoub Community Health Institute International Management-Health Services Inc. Indianapolis Indiana USA Department of Community Medicine and Internal Medicine South Valley University Quena Egypt Health Department Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority Ministry of Electricity & Energy Cairo Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Military Medical Academy Cairo Egypt

Background: Accidents pose a serious threat to health and economy in Egypt. Objectives: To identify and analyze the epidemiological factors associated with different types of accidents among adult males in Upper Egypt. Methods: A sample of 500 Egyptian males 20 - 28 years of age attending for health care at Quena University Hospital (QUH) or affiliated health institutions in South Egyptian governorates of Luxor and Red Sea was studied. The demographic, socioeconomic, and habitual data, as well as health status, medical history, and history of engagement into accidents for the recruits all were evaluated. Results: Accidents occurrences accounted up to 23/500 (4.6%) of the studied group. Road traffic accidents (RTAs) represented the highest percentage (30.4%), followed by street fights (21.7%) and animal bites (13.1%). Occupational accidents, electrical injuries, and near-drowning, all were equally encountered (8.7%), whereas falls and burns were least prevalent (4.3% each). Drug abuse, manual work, obesity, and having epilepsy were significant risk factors for accident injuries (OR = 6.35, 95% CI: 1.64 - 24.58, OR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.22 - 9.73, OR = 4.81, 95% CI: 1.50 - 15.46, OR = 45.33, 95% CI: 3.94 - 518.01, respectively). Conclusions: Engagement of young Upper Egyptian males into accidents is alarming. Most of the accident mechanisms encountered are preventable. Enforcement of standard occupational, traffic and public safety laws is needed to minimize the burden of accidents upon the public health and economy in Upper Egypt.

关键词： Accidents Epidemiology Males Upper Egypt

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Prevalence of Toxins and Antimicrobial Resistance among <i>E. coli</i>Isolated from Meat

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Advances in Microbiology 2015年第11期5卷 737-747页

作者： Shaymaa H. Abdel-Rhman Sara M. Khalifa Khaled H. Abd el Galil Rasha M. Barwa Microbiology and Immunology Department Faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Ministry of Health Mansoura Egypt

Aim: The present study aims to evaluate the occurrence and characterize E. coli in meat and meat products marketed in Egypt based on their antimicrobial-resistance pattern and production of enterotoxins. Methods: A total of 250 meat samples, categorized as 80 fresh beef, 85 ground beef and 85 beef burger purchased from supermarkets and butchers’ shops were used for isolation of E. coli. All isolates were screened for antimicrobial susceptibility. Plasmid profile analyses were done. Polymerase chain reactions were performed for detection of enterotoxin-encoding genes (astA, eaeA, stx1 and stx2). Results: Twenty-five samples were isolated and identified as E. coli. 14 isolates were multidrug resistant. Plasmids isolation from all isolates revealed that 76% of these isolates harbored plasmids. astA gene was amplified in 7 isolates (28%). Eight (32%) isolates harbored eaeA gene. However, none of the isolates harbored stx1 or stx2 genes. Analysis of multiple drug resistant isolates revealed a significant relation between multiple drug resistance and both astA and eaeA. Conclusion: The study confirmed the prevalence of enterotoxin genes (astA and eaeA) in E. coli isolated from meat product and the association between the presence of these genes and multiple drug resistant phenomena.

关键词： Enterotoxin E. coli Antimicrobial Resistance Meat Products

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Clinical Outcomes Associated with Use of Subcutaneous Sliding Scale Insulin Compared to Other Insulin Regimens in Hospitalized Patients

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2018年第4期9卷 260-269页

作者： Lama S. Alfehaid Abdulmalik S. Alotaibi Ahmed S. Alanazi Rami T. Bustami Razan el Melik College of Pharmacy King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences Riyadh Saudi Arabia King Abdulaziz Medical City National Guard Health Affairs Riyadh Saudi Arabia King Fahad Medical City Riyadh Saudi Arabia Alfaisal University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA

Background: Hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients is managed through one of the following approaches: sliding scale insulin (SSI) alone;SSI plus long-acting insulin and basal-bolus insulin (BBI). The optimal insulin treatment regimen is still debated. Objectives: To evaluate the clinical outcomes associated with the use of SSI compared to other regimens. Setting: The general medical wards in King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: Medical charts for adult patients admitted between October 2014-December 2015 with type 2 diabetes or uncontrolled hyperglycemia with insulin treatment were reviewed. Data from capillary blood glucose were measured daily for the first 5 days of hospitalization and recorded. Demographics and blood glucose levels were compared by group using one-way ANOVA or Chi-square test. The number of hyperglycemic/hypoglycemic episodes was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: A total of 240 patients were included. The three insulin regimen groups were not statistically different in terms of the number of days with episodes of hyper- or hypoglycemia (p > 0.05). However, a significantly bigger change from ba.eline (improvement) in random blood glucose (RBG) levels was observed in BBI and SSI plus glargine patients compared to SSI (p = 0.014). Conclusion: Our study showed no significant difference in the number of days with episodes of hyper- or hypoglycemia for SSI vs. other insulin regimens. However, SSI patients had less improvement in their RBG levels compared to other insulin regimen groups. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed to confirm these findings.

关键词： Subcutaneous Sliding Scale Insulin Hyperglycemia Hospitalized Patients

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The C161T Polymorphism in Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor ɣ2, but Not Pro12Ala, Is Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in an Egyptian Population

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2016年第1期6卷 1-9页

作者： Ragaa a.elkader Ramadan Moyassar Ahmad Zaki Rania Mohamed el Sharkawy Lubna Mohamed Desouky Marwa Ahmed Madkour Karim Mahmoud Nabil Mohamed Ka.el Chemical Pathology Department Medical Research Institute Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Department of Human Genetics Medical Research Institute Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Clinical and Experimental Internal Medicine Department Medical Research Institute Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

Objectives: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is multifactorial with the contribution of multiple genetic factors. We questioned the association of polymorphisms in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ?2 (PPAR?2) gene (Pro12Ala and C161T) with DR in an Egyptian population. Methods: This case control study included one hundred healthy individuals and 252 T2DM among them 122 with DR and 130 without DR. Genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: The Pro12Ala Ala allele was associated with decreased risk of DR with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.484, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.254 - 0.920), and a p value = 0.024. The C161T T allele was associated with increased risk of DR with OR = 2.593, 95% CI (1.672 - 4.020), p 1c) in multivariate regression analysis only C161T was associated with increased risk of DR with OR = 3.479, 95% CI (1.907 - 6.346), p 1c was higher in Pro/Pro genotype when compared to those with Ala/Ala and Pro/Ala genotypes. Conclusion: We report that T allele of C161T increased risk of DR in the studied population. Further studies are warranted to investigate functional implications of polymorphisms of the PPAR-? gene in DR development.

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Diabetic Retinopathy Polymorphism PPAR០ Pro12Ala C161T

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Synthesis of Novel Acid Dyes with Coumarin Moiety and Their Utilization for Dyeing Wool and Silk Fabrics

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Open Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2016年第1期6卷 18-35页

作者： Mahmoud S. Bashandy Fatma A. Mohamed Mohamed M. el-Molla Mahmoud B. Sheier Ahmed H. Bedair Chemistry Department Faculty of Science (Boys) Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Chemistry Department University College in Al-Jamoum Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia Textile Research Division National Research Centre Giza Egypt Balguenvzh University College Department of Female Student Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia Chemistry Department College of Sciences & Art Al Jouf University El-Quraiat Saudi Arabia

This article describes the synthesis of some novel coumarin compounds to use as acid dyes by using compounds 1 - 4 as starting materials, which were prepared by interaction of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde with ethyl 3-oxobutanoate, diethylmalonate, 4-nitrobenzenediazonium chloride and 4-sulfobenzenediazonium chloride, respectively. Compound 1 reacted with bromine and 2-cyanoacetohydrazide to give phenacyl bromide derivative 5 and 2-cyanoacetohydrazone derivative 6, respectively. Coupling of compound 6 with equimolar amount of 2-sulfo-4-((4-sulfophenyl) diazenyl)benzenediazonium chloride gave coumarin acid dye 8. Phenacyl bromide derivative 5 re-acted with potassium cyanide in refluxing ethanol to produce compound 7, which on coupling with equimolar amount of 8-hydroxy-6-sulfonaphthalene-2-diazonium chloride and 8-hydroxy-3,6-disulfonaphthalene-1-diazonium chloride gave coumarin acid dyes 9 and 10, respectively. Interaction of compound 2 with 2-amino-5-((4-sulfophenyl)diazenyl)benzenesulfonic acid, benzene-1,4-diamine and 3,3’-dimethoxy-[1,1’-biphenyl]-4,4’-diamine in refluxing ethanol afforded compounds 11, 12 and 14, respectively. Diazonium sulphate of compounds 12 and 14 coupling with 4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid gave compounds 13 and 15, respectively. Cyclocondensation of compound 3 with ethyl 3-oxobutanoate, diethyl malonate and malononitrile afforded derivatives of 3-acetyl-2H-chromen-2-one 16, ethyl 2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate 17 and 2-imino-2H-chromene-3-carbonitrile 18, respectively. Reaction of sodium benzenesulfonate derivative 4 with ethyl 3-oxobutanoate and hydrazine hydrate gave compounds 19 and 20, respectively. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis, UV/ VIS, IR, 1H NMR and Ms spectral data. The suitability of the prepared dyestuffs for dyeing of wool and silk fabrics has been investigated. The dyed fabric shows good light fastness, very good rubbing, perspiration, washing and excellent

关键词： Synthesis Coumarin Acid Dye Dyeing Wool Fabric

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Chronic Viral Hepatitis C: Before and after Direct Acting Antivirals (DAA) in Morocco

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第3期12卷 55-63页

作者： Hakima Abid Maryam Khayari Hajar Cherkaoui Maria Lahlali Nada Lahmidani Mounia.elyousfi Nourdin Aqodad Sidi Adil Ibrahimi Mohamed el Abkari Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit University Hospital Hassan II Fez Morocco Laboratory of Human Pathology Biomedicine and Environment Fez Morocco Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University Fez Morocco Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit University Hospital Ibn Zohr Agadir Morocco

For a long time, a combination of interferon and ribavirin has been used to treat viral hepatitis C, but the sustained virological response was only achieved in 45% of cases and side effects were serious [1]. Direct acting antivirals (DAA) have provided a cure for almost everyone with hepatitis C, with few side effects. The Purpose of Our Work is to compare the results of treatment for viral hepatitis C before and after DAA. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study, bringing together all patients with chronic viral hepatitis C treated between January 2009 and March 2020 at the University Hospital Hassan II in Fez, Morocco. The epidemiological, clinical, biological, virological characteristics of the included patients were collected from the two groups: A, treated with interferon and ribavirin or by triple therapy and B, treated with DAA. Results: 162 patients were included, the average age was 55 y/o, with 90 women and 72 men. 88 patients (54.3%) were already cirrhotic, of which 61 were compensated and 27 were decompensated. Genotype 1 was dominant with a frequency of 71.6%, 107 patients (66%) initially treated with old HCV treatments and 55 (34%) treated with DAA. Sustained viral response was obtained in 59 cases (55.14%) in group A versus 54 cases (98.18%) in group B with a very significant difference (p elapsed in group A (13.1%) versus 0 patient in group B (p = 0.003). The tolerance of the treatment was excellent in group B as a whole with only five patients (9%) reported side effects which were minor, not leading to the discontinuation of treatment while the side effects were major in 49 patients (45.7%) in group A with led to the permanent discontinuation of treatment in 6 patients. The difference in side effects between the two groups was very significant with (p Conclusion: Our study has shown the superiori

关键词： Viral Hepatitis C Pegylated Dual Therapy Direct Acting Antivirals Tolerance

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ICE3——新一代欧洲高速动车组

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大功率变流技术 1998年第1期 1-10页

作者： W.Lβel 徐佩芬德

ICE3是德国铁路公司(DB AG)和由Siemens、ADtranz组成的联合体共同推出的第三代ICE高速动车组。这种全新的动车组由Siemens牵头开发,主要是为科隆—法兰克福的新线设计的,线路坡度40‰,最高速度300km/h。这种动车组符合欧洲铁路和欧洲... 详细信息

ICE3是德国铁路公司(DB AG)和由Siemens、ADtranz组成的联合体共同推出的第三代ICE高速动车组。这种全新的动车组由Siemens牵头开发,主要是为科隆—法兰克福的新线设计的,线路坡度40‰,最高速度300km/h。这种动车组符合欧洲铁路和欧洲铁路工业(UNIFE)正在制订的全欧通用技术规范中的大部分要求。鉴于新列车的主要改进是机械部件,文章的重点在这方面。

关键词：高速动车组 ICE 设计思想

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Effect of Ketamine Instillation on Acute and Chronic Post Mastectomy Pain, a Dose Finding Clinical Study

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2022年第4期12卷 146-159页

作者： Fatma.el Sherif Hany elmorabaa Khaled Mohamed Fares Sahar Abdel-Baky Mohamed Nourhan M. elgalaly Khalid Rezk Moaaz Tohamy Department of Anesthesia ICU and Pain Management South Egypt Cancer Institute Assiut University Assiut Egypt Department of Anesthesia ICU and Pain Management Faculty of Medicine Assuit University Assiut Egypt

Background: Uncontrolled acute postoperative pain is considered a risk factor for the development of chronic pain afterward. Objectives: To explore the most effective dose of ketamine instillation (1 of 3 doses: 1, 2, or 3 mg/kg) for acute and chronic post mastectomy pain (PMP). Methods: Ninety female patients with cancer breast, aged (18 - 60 yrs), weighted (50 - 90 kg), scheduled for modified radical mastectomy, randomly allocated into 3 groups to receive ketamine instillation after surgical homeostasis before wound closure (1 of 3 doses;1, 2, or 3 mg/kg as A, B or C groups respectively) patients were followed up for 48 h for acute pain (total morphine consumption, the first request of analgesia and visual analog scale at rest and movement (VASR/M), chronic pain by Leeds assessment of neuropathic signs and symptoms (LANSS) for six-months, hemodynamics, and side effects. Results: Median total dose of morphine consumption was 8 mg (5 - 10) versus 6 mg (6 - 7) in A and B groups respectively in the first 48 h postoperatively. Lowest VASR/M was recorded in C then B and lastly A group (P = 0.037). No patients in the C group requested analgesia versus thirty (100%) and nine (30%) patients in the A and B groups respectively with the first request of analgesia was 12 h (5 - 36) in the A group versus 30 h (12 - 36) in the B group respectively (P Conclusion: Ketamine instillation effectively controlled acute post mastectomy pain (PMP) in a dose-dependent manner and reduced the incidence and severity of chronic pain in patients who undergoing a modified radical mastectomy.

关键词： Acute Pain Breast Cancer Chronic Pain Ketamine Instillation Modified Radical Mastectomy

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钢齿牙轮钻头滑动轴承接触应力分析与间隙优化

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机械 2020年第3期47卷 51-56页

作者：吴泽兵 Adnane el Mokhtari 郑维新西安石油大学机械工程学院陕西西安710065

在石油钻探工程中牙轮钻头承担着极为重要的作用,其工作寿命与钻井性能对工程质量、效率和成本都有重大影响。轴承作为牙轮钻头最重要的结构,其表面接触应力分布及其不均匀是导致轴承结构失效的最主要原因,因此有必要对轴承接触应力分... 详细信息

在石油钻探工程中牙轮钻头承担着极为重要的作用,其工作寿命与钻井性能对工程质量、效率和成本都有重大影响。轴承作为牙轮钻头最重要的结构,其表面接触应力分布及其不均匀是导致轴承结构失效的最主要原因,因此有必要对轴承接触应力分布和大小进行分析研究。利用Creo与Pro/E软件对牙轮钻头滑动轴承副结构进行了3D实体模型的搭建,利用ANSYS软件建立了牙轮钻头滑动轴承接触应力的有限元分析模型,并得出轴承接触应力分布图与接触应力峰值。通过上述途径方法成功对12种不同的间隙值对应的滑动轴承受力情况作出了计算分析,清晰地看到牙轮受力时滑动轴承表面应力的分布情况,通过峰值比较优选出了使寿命最长的孔轴间隙值。

关键词：牙轮钻头滑动轴承有限元分析接触应力间隙

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Influence of Plastic Deformation and Aging Process on Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Cast Ti-6Al-2Sn-2Zr-2Mo-1.5Cr-2Nb-0.1Si Alloy

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Open Journal of Metal 2021年第2期11卷 11-20页

作者： Mostafa S. S. el-Deeb Khaled M. Ibrahim S. S. Mohamed Ramadan N. elshaer Modern Academy for Engineering and Technology Cairo Egypt Central Metallurgical R & D Institute Cairo Egypt Shoubra Faculty of Engineering Benha University Cairo Egypt Tabbin Institute for Metallurgical Studies Cairo Egypt

In the present work, titanium alloy with a composition of Ti-6.5Al-3Mo-1.9Nb-2.2Sn-2.2Zr-1.5Cr (TC21) was subjected to plastic deformation and aging processes. A Plastic deformation at room temperature with 2%, 3% and 4% stroke strain was applied on the studied samples. Then, the samples aged at 575°C for 4 hr. By applying different plastic deformation ratios, the structure revealed an elongated and thin β-phase embedded in an α-phase. Secondary α-pla.elets were precipitated in the residual β-phase. Maximum hardness (HV440) was obtained for 4% deformed + aged samples. Minimum hardness (HV320) was recorded for the as-cast samples without deformation. The highest ultimate tensile strength of 1311 MPa was obtained for 4% deformed + aged samples due to presence of high amount of dislocation density as well as precipitation of secondary α-pla.elets in the residual β-phase. The lowest ultimate tensile strength of 1020 MPa was reported for as-cast samples. Maximum elongation of 14% was registered for 4% deformed + aged samples and minimum one of 3% was obtained for as-cast samples. Hence, strain hardening + aging can enhance considerably the elongation of TC21 Ti-alloy up to 366% and 133% in case of applying 4% deformation + aged compared to as-cast and aged samples without applying plastic deformation, respectively.

关键词： TC21 Ti-Alloy Strain Hardening Microstructure Aging Hardness Tensile

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