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Beyond wrecking a wall:revisiting the concept of blood–brain barrier breakdown in ischemic stroke

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1944-1956页

作者： Julia Castillo-gonzález Elena gonzález-Rey Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra(IPBLN) CSICPT SaludGranadaSpain

The blood–brain barrier constitutes a dynamic and interactive boundary separating the central nervous system and the peripheral *** tightly modulates the ion transport and nutrient influx,while restricting the entry of harmful factors,and selectively limiting the migration of immune cells,thereby maintaining brain *** the well-established association between blood–brain barrier disruption and most neurodegenerative/neuroinflammatory diseases,much remains unknown about the factors influencing its physiology and the mechanisms underlying its ***,the role of blood–brain barrier breakdown in the translational failure underlying therapies for brain disorders is just starting to be *** review aims to revisit this concept of“blood–brain barrier breakdown,”delving into the most controversial aspects,prevalent challenges,and knowledge gaps concerning the lack of blood–brain barrier *** moving beyond the oversimplistic dichotomy of an“open”/“bad”or a“closed”/“good”barrier,our objective is to provide a more comprehensive insight into blood–brain barrier dynamics,to identify novel targets and/or therapeutic approaches aimed at mitigating blood–brain barrier ***,in this review,we advocate for considering the diverse time-and location-dependent alterations in the blood–brain barrier,which go beyond tight-junction disruption or brain endothelial cell breakdown,illustrated through the dynamics of ischemic stroke as a case *** this exploration,we seek to underscore the complexity of blood–brain barrier dysfunction and its implications for the pathogenesis and therapy of brain diseases.

关键词： blood–brain barrier disruption drug delivery ischemic stroke neuroinflammation tight-junctions

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Impacts of PI3K/protein kinase B pathway activation in reactive astrocytes: from detrimental effects to protective functions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： Ramón Pérez-Núñez María Fernanda gonzález Ana María Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Communication Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDis) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes become reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contribute to both neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this binary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses observed across different diseases and *** analysis has revealed that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation by interacting with microglia and other cell types,releasing cytokines,and influencing the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte behavior,as evidenced by in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κB serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their *** highlight the involvement of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),αvβ3 integrin/PI3K/AKT/connexin 43,and Notch/PI3K/AKT *** targeting the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and prevent central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the PI3K/AKT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and brain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employing astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

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Tongluo Jiedu as an adjuvant therapy for oral cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第5期13卷 52-57页

作者： sarah Monserrat LomelíMartínez Melissa Martínez Nieto Ana Esther Mercado gonzález Department of Medical and Life sciences Centro Universitario de la CiénegaUniversidad de GuadalajaraOcotlán 47810Mexico Department of Well-being and sustainable Development Centro Universitario del NorteUniversidad de GuadalajaraColotlan 46200Mexico Independent Researcher Guadalajara 44340Mexico Antiguo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara“Fray Antonio Alcalde” Universidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44280Mexico

Oral cancer is one of the malignant neoplasms that present major global health *** is the sixth most prevalent type of cancer in the world,with a high incidence and mortality *** letter is a review of the study by Yin et al which was published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases(2024).The study evaluated the effect of Tongluo Jiedu as an adjuvant treatment for oral *** the years,there has been a continuous search for effective and less invasive treatments for oral *** article emphasizes and discusses various therapeutic options currently available,and it highlights that early intervention and multidisciplinary management are crucial for improving *** Chinese medicine,particularly Tongluo Jiedu,presents potential complementary approach to co-nventional oral cancer *** research on Tongluo Jiedu should be focused on validation of its efficacy and safety through large,well-designed clinical trials,as well as better understanding of the molecular mechanisms in-volved,and optimization of therapeutic ***,continuous education of health professionals is key to the effective and safe integration of this traditional medicine into clinical *** research is essential for optimization of therapeutic strategies and for addressing the challenges presented by this neoplasm.

关键词： Oral cancer Tongluo Jiedu Traditional Chinese medicine Chinese herbal medicine Herbal drugs Dentistry

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Crosslinked hyaluronic acid with liposomes and crocin for management symptoms of dry eye disease caused by moderate meibomian gland dysfunction

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第9期13卷 1368-1373页

作者： José-María sánchez-gonzález Concepción De-Hita-Cantalejo María Carmen sánchez-gonzález Department of Physics of Condensed Matter Optics AreaUniversity of SevilleSeville 41012Spain

AIM:To study the effect of uncrosslinked and crosslinked hyaluronic acid combined with other artificial tear components in patients with dry eye caused by moderate meibomian gland ***:Prospective,single-blind,contralateral eye *** eyes(25 patients)were *** selection for each tear type was random,and the eye drop formulations,0.4%uncrosslinked hyaluronic acid and 0.2%galactoxyloglucan(tear A)and 0.15%crosslinked hyaluronic acid,crocin,and liposomes(tear B)were *** determined dosing schedule was three times a day for six weeks,and the study participants underwent a clinical examination before and 45 d after lubricant *** schirmer test,tear breakup time(TBUT)test,and Ocular surface Disease Index(OsDI)questionnaire were applied before and after instillation period with both types of artificial ***:On the schirmer test,a significant improvement was obtained with both tear A(Pst,a significant improvement was obtained with tear A(PsDI score significantly decreased after instillation period with both artificial tear types(PsION:Uncrosslinked hyaluronic acid combined with other components,such as tamarind seed polysaccharide,and crosslinked hyaluronic acid combined with liposomes and crocin are effective for management symptoms of dry eye disease.

关键词： liposome crosslinked hyaluronic acid meibomian gland dysfunction contact lens dry eye disease

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Deposition of carbon nanotubes onto glass fibers using ultrasound standing waves

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Frontiers of Materials science 2021年第3期15卷 471-475页

作者： Julio a.eja.dro RODRÍGUEZ-gonzÁlez Carlos RUBIO-gonzÁlez Alfonso PÉREZ-sÁnchez Centro de Ingeniería y Desarrollo Industrial Departamento de EnergíaAv.Pie de la Cuesta#702Col.Desarrollo San PabloC.P.76125QuerétaroQroMexico

Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)are special types of carbon nanostructures with exceptional physical and mechanical properties such as high elastic modulus,high electrical and thermal conductivities,as well as high surface area and large aspect ratios[1].Given their tubular structure and size,CNTs are conceptualized as one-dimensional nanostructures with a crystalline structure of carbon sp2 hybridization formed by carbon–carbon covalent bonds[1].

关键词： carbon fibers exceptional

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A fuzzy cognitive map-based algorithm for predicting water consumption in spanish healthcare centres

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Building simulation 2023年第11期16卷 2193-2205页

作者： gonzalo sánchez-Barroso Jaime gonzález-Domínguez Joao Paulo Almeida-Fernandes Justo García-sanz-Calcedo Engineering Projects Area University of ExtremaduraAv.Elvas06006BadajozSpain Department of Paisagem Ambiente e OrdenamentoUniversity of EvoraR.Romão Ramalho7000-650ÉvoraPortugal

The management of water consumption in healthcare centres can have positive impacts on both the environmental performance and profitability of health *** tools assist in the decision-making process of managing the operation and maintenance of healthcare *** research aimed to integrate the empirical knowledge of experts in Healthcare Engineering and the historical data from 66 healthcare centres in a Fuzzy Cognitive *** outputs of the predictive model included water consumption,water cost,and CO_(2) emissions in healthcare facilities,along with eleven variables to discover the causes and consequences of water consumption in healthcare centres.A healthcare centre with about 12350 users,located in a city that experiences an average of 1100 heating degree days,whose facilities be moderately energy-efficient contributing over 50%with renewable energies is expected to consume 8.4 dam^(3) of water with 32.1 k€of cost,and contribute realising 30.8 ton CO_(2)eq *** use of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps for prediction can provide a high level of effectiveness in identifying the factors that contribute to water consumption and in designing key performance indicators to manage the environmental performance of healthcare *** tool is extremely effective in enhancing the performance of the management division of health systems.

关键词： water consumption Fuzzy Cognitive Maps healthcare centres Healthcare Engineering water management

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Mesenchymal stem cells secretome:The cornerstone of cell-free regenerative medicine

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World Journal of stem Cells 2020年第12期12卷 1529-1552页

作者： Alberto gonzález-gonzález Daniel García-sánchez Monica Dotta JoséC Rodríguez-Rey Flor M Pérez-Campo Department of Molecular Biology_IDIVAL Faculty of MedicineUniversity of CantabriaSantander 39011CantabriaSpain

Mesenchymal stem cells(MsCs)are the most frequently used stem cells in clinical trials due to their easy isolation from various adult tissues,their ability of homing to injury sites and their potential to differentiate into multiple cell ***,the realization that the beneficial effect of MsCs relies mainly on their paracrine action,rather than on their engraftment in the recipient tissue and subsequent differentiation,has opened the way to cell-free therapeutic strategies in regenerative *** the soluble factors and vesicles secreted by MsCs are commonly known as *** secretome has a key role in cell-to-cell communication and has been proven to be an active mediator of immunemodulation and regeneration both in vitro and in ***,the use of secretome has key advantages over cell-based therapies,such as a lower immunogenicity and easy production,handling and ***,MsCs can be modulated to alter their secretome composition to better suit specific therapeutic goals,thus,opening a large number of *** these advantages now place MsCs secretome at the center of an important number of investigations in different clinical contexts,enabling rapid scientific progress in this field.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells secretome soluble factors Extra-cellular vesicles Exosomes Bone regeneration

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Morphological and genetic differentiation in isolated populations of Mexican beech Fagus grandifolia ***

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 2169-2179页

作者： Dulce María Galván-Hernández Pablo Octavio-Aguilar Luis Lazcano-Cruz Arturo sánchez-gonzález Population Ecology Laboratory of the Biological Research Center Autonomous University of HidalgoKm 4.5 Pachuca-Tulancingo HighwayCP 42184 Mineral de La ReformaHidalgoMexico Genetic Laboratory of the Biological Research Center Autonomous University of HidalgoKm 4.5 Pachuca-Tulancingo HighwayCP 42184 Mineral de La ReformaHidalgoMexico

Mexican beech[Fagus grandifolia ***(Martinez)***]is a subspecies endemic to the sierra Madre Oriental Mountains and considered endangered due to the low density of its populations and high degree of habitat fragmentation and environmental *** its morphological and genetic variation is associated with its ability to adapt to changes in environmental conditions,the objective of this study was to determine whether phenotypic and genotypic variation exist,and it relationships with population reduction *** four beech populations in the states of Hidalgo and Veracruz,we analyzed 11 morphological variables for leaves and 6 micros atellite *** morphological variables that to discriminate between populations were related to the size of the leaf,but a robust differentiation pattern was not found,given that independent groups of leaves were *** populations located closest to each other,had greater genetic variation and less genetic distance;populations in the extreme north and south had the lowest genetic *** differentiation among populations was associated with reduction in population *** the 3 localities in Hidalgo,recent bottlenecks were identified,and in Veracruz,an old bottleneck was *** in leaf morphology and genetic structure of Mexican beech populations could be the result of a combination of various geographical,climate and ecological factors.

关键词： Adaptation Bottleneck Genetic structure Leaf morphology Mexico sierra madre oriental

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Relationship between vegetation structure and microenvironment in Fagus grandifolia *** forest relicts in Mexico

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第2期11卷 237-247页

作者： Ernesto ChRodríguez-Ramírez Arturo sánchez-gonzález GregorioÁngeles-Pérez Laboratorio de Biogeografía y sistemática Facultad de CienciasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Laboratorio de Ecología de Poblaciones Centro de Investigaciones BiológicasUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de HidalgoCiudad UniversitariaCarretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km.4.5Mineral de la Reforma 42184Hidalgo Postgrado en Ciencias Forestales Colegio de PostgraduadosMontecillo 56230TexcocoEstado de MéxicoMéxico

Aims Changes in the structure and composition of forests,whether caused by natural or anthropic events,alter the microenviron-ment,sometimes *** the local environment has a direct impact on basic ecological processes,this has become a key component of *** beech forests(Fagus grandi-folia ***)in the sierra Madre Oriental are restricted to sites with specific climate,soils and topography,making them an ideal natural system for ecological *** objectives of this study were to identify the relationship between the microen-vironment and the tree and shrub structure and composition of Mexican beech forests in the state of Hidalgo,and to compare the floristic similarity of these forests on the country scale using data from seven *** specimens were collected for a period of one year at all locali-ties in the state of Hidalgo where beech forests are *** each locality,five 400 m2 plots were established,and structural attributes(basal area,coverage,density and species richness)and six environmental variables were measured in the *** relationship between structure and microenvironment was estimated by simple correlation and canonic correspondence analysis(CCA).in addition,floristic similarity between different beech forest localities in the sierra Madre Oriental was esti-mated by correspondence analysis(CA).Important Findings Twenty tree species and eight shrub species were identified;at all localities studied *** *** dominated the *** multivariate analysis indicated that(i)in the four localities in the state of Hidalgo,all microenvironmental variables except pH are related to the variation observed in species composition and structure;(ii)the El Gosco locality had both tree and shrub species and microenvironmental factors different from those observed in the Fagus forests at the other localities in the study and(iii)the localities studied in order to draw country-scale compa

关键词： Canonical correspondence analysis fagus forest floristic composition Mexico montane cloud forest richness

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Impact of shaft stiffness on Inertial Response of Fixed speed Wind Turbines

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电力系统自动化 2012年第8期36卷 191-197页

作者： Francisco gonzlez-LONGATT Faculty of Engineering and Computing Coventry UniversityCoventry CV1 5FBUnited Kingdom

Future power system faces several challenges,one of them is the high penetration level of intermittent wind power generation,providing small or even no inertial response and being not contributing to the frequency *** effect of shaft stiffness on inertial response of fixed speed wind turbines is *** different drive-train models based on the multi-body system are *** small-signal analysis demonstrates no significant differences between models in terms of electro-mechanical eigen-values for increasing shaft *** natural resonance frequency of drive-train torsion modes shows slightly different values between damped and undamped models,but no significant differences are found in the number-mass ***-domain simulations show the changes in the active power contribution of a wind farm based on a fixed speed wind turbine during the system frequency *** changes in the kinetic energy during the dynamic process are calculated and their contribution to the inertia constant is small and *** largest contribution of the kinetic energy is provided at the beginning of the system frequency disturbance to reduce the rate of the frequency change,it is positive for the frequency stability.

关键词：风力发电机刚度模型惯性风力涡轮机频率稳定性轴定速传动系统

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