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Design strategies and recent advancements of solid-state supercapacitor operating in wide temperature range

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 248-281页

作者： Jie Zhou Zhengfeng zhu Wenhui Shi Xiangyu Shi zhuoyuan Zheng Ye Xiong Yusong zhu School of Energy Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina Kucap Smart Technology(Nanjing)Co. Ltd.NanjingJiangsuChina

Solid-state supercapacitors(SSCs)are emerging as one of the promising energy storage devices due to their high safety,superior power density,and excellent cycling ***,performance degradation and safety issues under extreme conditions are the main challenges for the practical *** the expansion of human activities,such as space missions,polar exploration,and so on,the investigation of SSC with wide temperature tolerance,high energy density,power density,and sustainability is highly *** this review,the effects of temperature on SSC are systematically illustrated and clarified,including the properties of the electrolyte,ion diffusion,and reaction dynamics of the ***,we summarize the recent advances in wide-temperature-range SSCs from the aspect of electrolyte modification,electrode design,and interface adjustment between electrode and electrolyte,especially with critical concerns on ionic conductivity and cycling *** the end,a perspective is presented,expecting to promote the practical application of the SSC in harsh conditions.

关键词： electrode interface solid-state electrolyte solid-state supercapacitor wide temperature

The effect of glutathione on glucosinolate biosynthesis through the sulfur assimilation pathway in pakchoi associated with the growth conditions

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第2期10卷 473-487页

作者： Biao zhu Zhile Liang dan Wang Chaochao He zhujun zhu Jing Yang Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang ProvinceCollege of Horticulture ScienceZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 311300China

Glucosinolates(GSLs) are a group of nitrogen-and sulfur-containing secondary metabolites, synthesized primarily in members of the Brassicaceae family, that play an important role in food flavor, plant antimicrobial activity, resistance to insect attack, stress tolerance, and human anti-cancer effects. As a sulfur-containing compound, glutathione has a strong connection with GSLs biosynthesis as a sulfur donor or redox system, and exists in reduced(glutathione;GSH) and oxidized(glutathione disulfide;GSSG) forms. However, the mechanism of GSH regulating GSLs biosynthesis remainds unclear. Hence, the exogenous therapy to pakchoi under normal growth condition and sulfur deficiency condition were conducted in this work to explore the relevant mechanism. The results showed that exogenous application of buthionine sulfoximine, an inhibitor of GSH synthesis, decreased the transcript levels of GSLs synthesis-related genes and transcription factors, as well as sulfur assimilation-related genes under the normal growth condition. Application of exogenous GSH inhibited the expression of GSLs synthesis-and sulfur assimilation-related genes under the normal condition, while the GSLs biosynthesis and the sulfur assimilation pathway were activated by exogenous application of GSH when the content of GSH in vivo of plants decreased owing to sulfur deficiency. Moreover,exogenous application of GSSG increased the transcript levels of GSLs synthesis-and sulfur assimilation-related genes under the normal growth condition and under sulfur deficiency. The present work provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of GSLs biosynthesis underlying glutathione regulation.

关键词： Pakchoi Glucosinolates Reduced glutathione Oxidized glutathione Sulfur assimilation

Isolation performances and optimization of triple quasi-zero stiffness isolators

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第7期67卷 124-141页

作者： Yuntian Zhang Guangnan zhu Qingjie Cao School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

In this paper,triple quasi-zero stiffness(QZS)passive vibration isolators whose restoring force curve has a three-stage softening effect are ***-coupled SD oscillators with three independent geometrical parameters are used as negative stiffness mechanisms to achieve QZS characteristics at the origin and symmetrical positions on both sides of the *** performances of different triple QZS isolators are analyzed to show influences of the selection of QZS regions away from the origin on the range of isolation *** optimizations of system parameters are carried out to get a larger range of small restoring force regions and small stiffness *** performances of two triple QZS isolators are discussed to show the influence of different Pareto optimization solutions through the comparisons with single and double QZS *** showed that triple QZS isolators have both the advantages of single and double QZS isolators which results in better isolation performances under both small and large excitation *** improvement in isolation performances for triple QZS isolators is found with the decrease in average stiffness due to the appearance of two symmetrical QZS regions away from the *** displacements of QZS regions away from the origin result in better isolation performances when excitation amplitude is large,and triple QZS characteristics are similar to double QZS isolators at this *** restoring forces of QZS regions away from the origin lead to better isolation performances when excitation amplitude is small,and triple QZS characteristics are similar to single QZS isolators at this *** with the decrease in average stiffness,the improvement of isolation performances shows a hysteresis phenomenon due to the difference between static and dynamic characteristics.

关键词： triple quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolation Pareto optimization force transmissibility geometrical nonlinear

The Effect of Moisture in Different Altitude Layers on the Eastward Propagation of MJO

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第3期38卷 437-452页

作者： Xiaoyu zhu Zhong ZHONG Yimin zhu Yunying LI Yijia HU Yao HA College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410000China Key Laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment School of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change School of Atmospheric SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing210000China

In this study,driven by ERA5 reanalysis data,the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)version 4.0 was used to investigate the eastward propagation of the Madden-Julian oscillation(MJO)in the tropical atmosphere during December-February(DJF)of 2007/*** experiment with 11 cumulus parameterization schemes respectively shows that the Grell 3D scheme is one of several worse ones in describing MJO *** addition,still by use of the Grell 3D scheme,four nudging assimilation experiments for water vapor in all model vertical layers(Ndg_all),lower layers(Ndg_low),middle layers(Ndg_mid),and upper layers(Ndg_upp)were *** is found that when the water vapor in the model approaches to the observed value,the model performance for MJO activities is improved *** the four nudging simulations,Ndg_all certainly performs *** Ndg_mid is important for the MJO-filtered profiles related to moisture,Ndg_low and Ndg_upp exhibit superiority to Ndg_mid in simulating MJO eastward ***_low has advantages when MJO features are represented by zonal wind at 850 hPa and precipitation because the lower-level MJO-filtered moisture is conducive to the existence of lower-level condensational heating to the east of the MJO convective ***_upp performs better when describing the MJO eastward propagation features by outgoing longwave radiation(OLR)since it can capture the moisture and cloud top temperature of deep convection associated with MJO,as well as front Walker *** results suggest that the lower-level moisture is more important in regulating the MJO eastward propagation,and the observed maximum MJO-filtered moisture in the middle troposphere might be a phenomenon accompanying the MJO deep convection,but not a factor controlling its eastward propagation.

关键词： Madden-Julian oscillation(MJO) nudging technique Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model vertical moisture structure

Camera,LidaR,and IMU Based Multi-Sensor Fusion SLAM:A Survey

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 415-429页

作者： Jun zhu Hongyi Li Tao Zhang Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In recent years,Simultaneous Localization And Mapping(SLAM)technology has prevailed in a wide range of applications,such as autonomous driving,intelligent robots,Augmented Reality(AR),and Virtual Reality(VR).Multi-sensor fusion using the most popular three types of sensors(e.g.,visual sensor,LidaR sensor,and IMU)is becoming ubiquitous in SLAM,in part because of the complementary sensing capabilities and the inevitable shortages(e.g.,low precision and long-term drift)of the stand-alone sensor in challenging *** this article,we survey thoroughly the research efforts taken in this field and strive to provide a concise but complete review of the related ***,a brief introduction of the state estimator formation in SLAM is ***,the state-of-the-art algorithms of different multi-sensor fusion algorithms are *** we analyze the deficiencies associated with the reviewed approaches and formulate some future research *** paper can be considered as a brief guide to newcomers and a comprehensive reference for experienced researchers and engineers to explore new interesting orientations.

关键词： multi-sensor fusion Simultaneous Localization And Mapping(SLAM) navigation localization

Contribution of high-latitude permafrost regions in the Northern Hemisphere to global wildfire carbon emissions

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3239-3251页

作者： Xingru zhu Xiyan XU Gensuo JIA Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Wildfires are major disturbances in permafrost ecosystems, with increasing frequency and intensity in recent years. In permafrost regions, wildfires not only burn surface and subsurface organic matter but also accelerate permafrost thawing,releasing significant amounts of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere. However, the contribution of high-latitude permafrost regions in the Northern Hemisphere to global wildfire carbon emissions remains poorly understood. This study integrates remote sensing data and ground observations to analyze the contributions of aboveground and belowground fuel combustion in high-latitude permafrost regions to global wildfire carbon emissions from 2002 to 2020, as well as the spatiotemporal variations in these contributions. Our findings indicate that permafrost regions contribute approximately11.96% of global wildfire carbon emissions, with aboveground emissions accounting for approximately 3.94% of global aboveground emissions and belowground emissions contributing approximately 63.57% of global belowground emissions. The contribution of high-latitude permafrost regions to global emissions peaked in July and August, whereas the continuous permafrost zones(areas with more than 90% permafrost coverage) showed the most significant increase in June and July. The contributions of both aboveground and belowground emissions from high-latitude permafrost regions to global wildfire emissions have been increasing, primarily due to the reduction in global wildfire emissions, in contrast with the rising emissions from wildfires in high-latitude permafrost regions. This study highlights the significant role of wildfires, particularly the combustion of belowground biomass in high-latitude permafrost regions, in global carbon emissions. The decomposition and combustion of organic carbon in permafrost regions due to wildfires release more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, potentially amplifying the positive feedback

关键词： Wildfire Permafrost Carbon emissions Climate change Belowground fuel consumption

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Genesis of ultra-deep dolostone and controlling factors of largescale reservoir:A case study of the Sinian Dengying Formation and the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in the Sichuan Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2352-2382页

作者： Xi LI Guangyou zhu Zhiyao ZHANG PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083China School of Geosciences Yangtze UniversityWuhan 430100China School of Earth Resoures China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

This paper investigates the origin of ultra-deep dolostone and the factors influencing large-scale dolostone reservoirs,focusing on the Sinian Dengying Formation and the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in the Sichuan *** study involves petrology,microscale X-ray diffraction,trace element analysis,and C-O-Sr-Mg isotope experiments to provide a detailed *** research findings indicate that the Dengying and Longwangmiao formations comprise six types of matrix dolostone and four types of *** Dengying Formation,which developed under a sedimentary background of a restricted platform,contains special microbial and microcrystalline *** dolomite grains are small(30μm),high order degree(Min=0.7),small unit cell parameters,high Na content

关键词： Ultra-deep layers Dolostone Supercontinent evolution Microscale geochemistry Dengying Formation Longwangmiao Formation Sichuan Basin

Multifunction-oriented high-mobility polymer semiconductors

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 16-19页

作者： Mingliang zhu Yunlong Guo Yunqi Liu Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Organic Solids Laboratory Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The discovery of conductive polyacetylene has initiated interdisciplinary research into condensed matter physics and synthetic chemistry in organic electronics. Unlike their inorganic and small-molecule counterparts, polymer semiconductors possess the inherent advantages of facile solution processing,large-area manufacturing, excellent mechanical strength and intrinsic flexibility.

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Discovery of strong bulk Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in composition-uniform centrosymmetric magnetic single layers

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 174-180页

作者： Lijun zhu david Lujan Xiaoqin Li State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Physics Center for Complex Quantum SystemsUniversity of Texas at AustinAustin 78712USA

Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction(DMI)is the key ingredient of chiral spintronic phenomena and the emerging technologies based on such phenomena.A nonzero DMI usually occurs at magnetic interfaces or within non-centrosymmetric single ***,we report the observation of a strong unexpected DMI within a centrosymmetric polycrystalline ferromagnet that has neither a crystal inversion symmetry breaking nor a composition *** DMI is a bulk effect,increases with the thickness of the magnetic layer,and is insensitive to the symmetry of the interfaces or the neighboring *** observe a total DMI strength that is a factor of>2 greater than the highest interfacial DMI in the *** DMI most likely arises from the strong spin-orbit coupling,strong orbital hybrization,and a“hidden”long-range asymmetry in the *** discovery of the strong unconventional bulk DMI in centrosymmetric,composition-uniform magnetic single layers provides fundamental building blocks for the emerging field of spintronics and will stimulate the exploitation of unconventional spin-orbit phenomena in a wide range of materials.

关键词： Brillouin light scattering Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction spin wave