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Multisensory mechanisms of gait a.d balance in Parkinson’s disease:an integrative review

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 82-92页

作者： Stiven Roytman Rebecca Paalanen Giulia Carli Uros Marusic Prabesh Kanel Teus van Laar nico I.Bohnen department of Radiology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA department of Neurology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Morris K.Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson’s disease Research University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Institute for Kinesiology Research Science and Research Centre KoperKoperSlovenia department of Health Sciences Alma Mater Europaea–ECMMariborSlovenia Parkinson’s Foundation Research Center of Excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA department of Neurology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Neurology Service a.d GRECC VA Ann Arbor Healthcare SystemAnn ArborMIUSA

Understa.ding the neural underpinning of human gait a.d balance is one of the most pertinent challenges for 21st-century translational neuroscience due to the profound impact that falls a.d mobility disturbances have on our aging *** a.d gait control does not happen automatically,as previously believed,but rather requires continuous involvement of central nervous *** effectively exert control over the body,the brain must integrate multiple streams of sensory information,including visual,vestibular,a.d somatosensory *** mechanisms which underpin the integration of these multisensory signals are the principal topic of the present *** multisensory integration theories focus on how failure of cognitive processes thought to be involved in multisensory integration leads to falls in older *** emphasis,however,has been placed on specific contributions of individual sensory modalities to multisensory integration processes a.d cross-modal interactions that occur between the sensory modalities in relation to gait a.d *** the present work,we review the contributions of somatosensory,visual,a.d vestibular modalities,along with their multisensory intersections to gait a.d balance in older adults a.d patients with Parkinson’s *** also review evidence of vestibular contributions to multisensory temporal binding windows,previously shown to be highly pertinent to fall risk in older ***,we relate multisensory vestibular mechanisms to potential neural substrates,both at the level of neurobiology(concerning positron emission tomography imaging)a.d at the level of electrophysiology(concerning electroencephalography).We hope that this integrative review,drawing influence across multiple subdisciplines of neuroscience,paves the way for novel research directions a.d therapeutic neuromodulatory approaches,to improve the lives of older adults a.d patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： aging balance encephalography functional magnetic resonance imaging gait multisensory integration Parkinson’s disease positron emission tomography somatosensory vestibular visual

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Application of wavelet support vector regression on SAR data.de-noising

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Journal of Systems Engineering a.d Electronics 2011年第4期22卷 579-586页

作者： Yi Lin Shaoming Zhang Jianqing Cai nico Sneeuw Research Center of Remote Sensing a.d Spatial Technology Tongji University Shanghai 200092 P. R. China Institute of Geodesy University of Stuttgart D-70174 Stuttgart Germany

A new filtering method for SAR data.de-noising using wavelet support vector regression （WSVR） is developed. On the basis of the grey scale distribution character of SAR imagery, the logarithmic SAR image as a noise polluted signal is taken a.d the noise model assumption in logarithmic domain with Gaussian noise a.d impact noise is proposed. Based on the better per- formance of support vector regression （SVR） for complex signal approximation a.d the wavelet for signal detail expression, the wavelet kernel function is chosen as support vector kernel func- tion. Then the logarithmic SAR image is regressed with WSVR. Furthermore the regression distance is used as a judgment index of the noise type. According to the judgment of noise type every pixel can be adaptively de-noised with different filters. Through an approximation experiment for a one-dimensional complex signal, the feasibility of SAR data regression based on WSVR is con- firmed. Afterwa.d the SAR image is treated as a two-dimensional continuous signal a.d filtered by an SVR with wavelet kernel function. The results show that the method proposed here reduces the radar speckle noise effectively while maintaining edge features a.d details well.

关键词： synthetic aperture radar (SAR) support vector regres-sion (SVR) kernel function wavelet analysis function approximation.

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Numerical Study on the Mixed Model in the GOCE Polar Gap Problem

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2011年第3期14卷 216-222页

作者： ZOU Xiancai CAI Jianqing nico Sneeuw LI Jiancheng Institute of Geodesy University of Stuttgart Geschwister-Scholl-Str. 24D D-70174 Stuttgart Germany School of Geodesy a.d Geomatics Wuhan University 129 Luoyu Road Wuhan 430079 China

Gravity gradients acquired by the Gravity field a.d steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer(GOCE) do not cover the entire earth because of its sun-synchronous orbit leaving data gaps with a radius of about 6.5° in the polar *** studies showed that the loss of data in the polar regions deteriorates the accuracy of the low order(or near zonal) coefficients of the earth gravity model,which is the so-called polar gap problem in *** order to find a stable solution for the earth gravity model from the GOCE gravity gradients,three models,*** Gauss-Markov model,light constraint model a.d the mixed model,are compared a.d evaluated numerically with the gravity gradient simulated with the *** comparison shows that the Best Linear Uniformly Unbiased Estimation(BLUUE) estimator of the mixed model can solve the polar gap problem as effectively as the light constraint model;furthermore,the mixed model is more rigorous in dealing with the supplementary information a.d leads to a better accuracy in determining the global geoid.

关键词： Earth gravity model satellite gravity GOCE mixed model polar gap problem

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Surface area-volume ratios in insects

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Insect Science 2017年第5期24卷 829-841页

作者： Sara Kuhsel Adrian Bruckner Sebastian Schmelzle Michael Heethoff nico Bluthgen department of Biology Technische Universitat Darmstadt Schnittspahnstrasse 3 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany

Body mass, volume a.d surface area are important for many aspects of the physiology a.d performance of species. Whereas body mass scaling received a lot of attention in the literature, surface areas of animals have not been measured explicitly in this context. We quantified surface area-volume （SA/V） ratios for the first time using 3d surface models based on a structured light scanning method for 126 species of pollinating insects from 4 orders （diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, a.d Coleoptera）. Water loss of 67 species was measured gravimetrically at very dry conditions for 2 h at 15 a.d 30 ℃ to demonstrate the applicability of the new 3d surface measurements a.d relevance for predicting the performance of insects. Quantified SA/V ratios significantly explained the variation in water loss across species, both directly or after accounting for isometric scaling （residuals of the SA/V - mass2/3 relationship）. Small insects with a proportionally larger surface area had the highest water loss rates. Surface scans of insects to quantify allometric SA/Vratios thus provide a promising method to predict physiological responses, improving the potential of body mass isometry alone that assume geometric similarity.

关键词： body size body shape 3d surface imaging sphericity structured light water loss

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Hybrid 2d–3d optical devices for integrated optics by direct laser writing

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Light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 173-181页

作者： Martin Schumann Tiemo Buckmann nico Gruhler Martin Wegener Wolfram Pernice Institute of Applied Physics a.d dFG-Center for Functional Nanostructures(CFN) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76131 KarlsruheGermany Institute of Nanotechnology(INT) 76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

Integrated optical chips have already been established for application in optical *** also offer interesting future perspectives for integrated quantum optics on a *** present,however,they are mostly fabricated using essentially planar fabrication approaches like electron-beam lithography or UV optical *** further design options would arise if one had complete fabrication freedom in rega.d to the third dimension normal to the chip without having to give up the virtues a.d the know-how of existing planar fabrication *** a step in this direction,we here use three-dimensional dip-in direct-laser-writing optical lithography to fabricate three-dimensional polymeric functional devices on pre-fabricated planar optical chips containing Si3N4 waveguides as well as grating couplers made by sta.da.d electron-beam *** first example is a polymeric dielectric rectangular-shaped waveguide which is connected to Si3N4 waveguides a.d that is adiabatically twisted along its axis to achieve geometrical rotation of linear polarization on the *** rotator’s broadba.d performance at around 1550 nm wavelength is verified by polarization-dependent grating *** polarization rotation on the optical chip cannot easily be achieved by other *** second example is a whispering-gallery-mode optical resonator connected to Si_(3)N_(4) waveguides on the chip via polymeric *** mechanically connecting the latter to the disk,we can control the coupling to the resonator a.d,at the same time,guarantee mechanical stability of the three-dimensional architecture on the chip.

关键词： direct laser writing integrated optics nanophotonic circuits polarization conversion

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Physiological strategies of moult-migrating Black-necked Grebes(Podiceps nigricollis)in a polluted staging site according to blood chemistry

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Avian Research 2023年第3期14卷 453-459页

作者： Juan A.Amat nico Varo Marta I.Sanchez a.dy J.Green damaso Hornero-Mendez Juan Garrido-Ferna.dez Cristina Ramo departamento de Ecología y Evolucion Estacion Biologica de Donana(EBD-CSIC)41092SevillaSpain Independent researcher 41010SevillaSpain departamento de Biología.de la Conservacion y Cambio Global Estacion Biologica de Donana(EBD-CSIC)41092SevillaSpain departamento de Fitoquímica.de Alimentos Instituto de la Grasa(IG-CSIC)41013SevillaSpain

After breeding,Black-necked Grebes(Podiceps nigricollis)perform a moult-migration to autumn hypersaline staging sites,where they moult the flight feathers a.d forage on superabundant brine shrimp(Artemia spp.)before leaving for wintering *** the stay in moulting sites,the grebes experience changes in organs a.d muscle size(atrophy,hypertrophy),a.d almost double their body mass,which has been suggested to act as an insurance against a collapse in prey availability in late *** two years we collected blood samples from hundreds of individuals at one of the most important European moulting sites(the Odiel marshes,SW Spain),which is a highly polluted area.due to mining drainage a.d chemical *** assessed the potential effect of moulting stage,day of the year a.d body condition on 16 blood biochemical *** of the changes in prey availability a.d body composition of grebes,we expected some physiological adjustments during *** levels of cholesterol suggested that birds in active moult increased foraging effort to face the costs of *** was increased amount of lactate dehydrogenase,corresponding to periods of breast muscle *** in active moult augmented protein ingestion,likely to account for the requirements of feather *** also show that the probability of fasting due to low prey availability increased late in the moulting season,as demonstrated by an increase in plasmaβ-hydroxy-butyrate.

关键词： Blood biochemistry Eared grebe Fasting Feather replacement Odiel marshes Waterbird

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The heterogeneity-diversity-system performance nexus

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National Science Review 2023年第7期10卷 251-260页

作者： nico Eisenhauer Gerrit Angst Ana E.B.Asato Rémy Beugnon Elisabeth B?nisch Simone Cesarz Peter dietrich Stephanie d.Jurburg Anna-Maria Madaj Rine C.Reuben Christian Ristok Marie Sünnemann Huimin Yi Carlos A.Guerra Jes Hines German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (idiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig Institute of Biology Leipzig University Institute of Soil Biology a.d Biogeochemistry Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences Leipzig Institute for Meteorology Universit?t Leipzig CEFE Univ Montpellier CNRS EPHE IRD department of Environmental Microbiology Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ

Ever-growing human population a.d nutritional dema.ds,supply chain disruptions,a.d advancing climate change have led to the re alization that changes in diversity a.d system performance are intimately ***,diversity a.d system performance depend on *** changes in system performance a.d promoting sustainable living conditions requires transformative ***,we introduce the heterogeneity-diversity-system performance(HdP) nexus as the conceptual basis upon which to formulate transformative *** suggest that managing the heterogeneity of systems will best allow diversity to provide multiple benefits to *** on ecological theory,we pose that the HdP nexus is broadly applicable across systems,disciplines,a.d sectors,a.d should thus be considered in future decision making as a way to have a more sustainable global future.

关键词： heterogeneity diversity biodiversity-ecosystem functioning global change homogenization

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A look at the ASEAN-NdI: building a regional health R&d innovation network

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2014年第1期3卷 135-144页

作者： Jaime C Montoya Carina L Rebulanan nico.a.gelo C Parungao Bernadette Ramirez department of Science a.d Technology-Philippine Council for Health Research a.d development(dOST-PCHRd) Taguig CityPhilippines UNICEF/UNdP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research a.d Training in Tropical diseases(TdR) World Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland

Globally,there are growing efforts to a.dress diseases through the advancement in health research a.d development(R&d),strengthening of regional cooperation in science a.d technology(particularly on product discovery a.d development),a.d implementation of the World Health Assembly Resolution 61.21(WHA61.21)on the Global Strategy a.d Plan of Action on Public Health,Innovation,a.d Intellectual Property(GSPA-PHI).As such,the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)is responding to this through the establishment of the ASEAN-Network for drugs,diagnostics,Vaccines,a.d Traditional Medicines Innovation(ASEAN-NdI).This is important in the ASEAN considering that infectious tropical diseases remain prevalent,emerging,a.d reemerging in the *** paper looks into the evolution of the ASEAN-NdI from its inception in 2009,to how it is at present,a.d its plans to mitigate public health problems regionally a.d even globally.

关键词： ASEAN-NdI Health research a.d development Infectious tropical diseases Innovation network Strategic business plan

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Immunomolecular response of Cd4^(+),Cd8^(+),TNF-α a.d IFN-γ in Myxobolus-infected koi(Cyprinus carpio)treated with probiotics

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Aquaculture a.d Fisheries 2023年第5期8卷 514-527页

作者： Uun Yanuhar nico Rahman Caesar Nur Sakinah Junirahma Rachmat Noer Soelistyoadi department of Aquatic Resources Management Faculty of Fisheries and Marine SciencesBrawijaya UniversityJalan VeteranMalangEast Java65145Indonesia doctoral Program of Environment Science Post Graduate ProgramBrawijaya UniversityJalan VeteranMalangEast Java65145Indonesia Fish Quarantine Center for Quality Control a.d Safety of Fishery Products Surabaya I Ministry of Marine Affairs and FisheriesSurabayaEast Java60115Indonesia

A poor environment increases fish’s susceptibility to myxosporean infection that can cause the death of larval fish,especially for koi fish(Cyprinus carpio).This study aimed to determine the effect of probiotics,local anti-parasitic drugs(kutuklin),a.d the chemical compound diflubenzuron treatments on the koi immune *** study used PCR with specific primer 18S SSU rdNA a.d dNA sequencing to detect Myxobulus *** treatments were divided into 5 groups:Treatment(A)(healthy koi without treatment),(B)(infected koi without treatment),(C)(infected koi with 0.55 mL/30 L probiotics),(d)(infected koi with 1μL/g of feed kutuklin),a.d(E)(infected koi with 0.02 mg/5 L dimilin).Myxospore has observed with Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)a.d 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(dAPI)fluorescence *** histological analysis using semi-quantitative scoring methods,a.d flow cytometry was conducted to analyse the immune response of Cluster of differentiation 4(Cd4^(+)),Cluster of differentiation 8(Cd8^(+)),Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha(TNF-α),Interferon gamma(IFN-γ)cells in the *** show that the histological analysis indicated edema,hyperplasia,lamella fusion,congestion,a.d hypertrophy lesions in infected *** with probiotics shows the lowest damage(30.6%).The immune responses of Cd4^(+)a.d Cd8^(+)cells to dimilin treatment were 10.54%a.d 16.86%,*** largest TNF-αa.d IFN-γresponse were for the kutuklin treatment(29.26%)a.d probiotics treatment(8.23%).

关键词： Cyprinus carpio Flowcytometry Immune responses Myxobolus koi Probiotic

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Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis a.d its relationship with Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第4期15卷 417-422页

作者： Juan Luis Mendoza Raquel Lana Manuel díaz-Rubio Inflammatory Bowel disease Unit Department of GastroenterologyHospital Clínico San CarlosUniversidad Complutense department of Internal Medicine Hospital Clínico San CarlosUniversidad Complutense

The hypothesis postulating that Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis(MAP) is the cause of Crohn's disease(Cd) has been circulating for many *** in molecular techniques,such as polymerase chain reaction a.d culture methods,have enabled researchers to demonstrate that there is an association between MAP a.d ***,genome-wide association studies have identified novel susceptibility genes for Cd,which are critical for generation of an adaptive immune response that is protective against intracellular pathogens,including *** ***,the role of MAP as a cause of Cd suffered a setback with the report that administration of antimycobacterial therapy failed to lead to a sustained response in Cd ***,this review sought neither to confirm nor refute this,but instead to survey recent literature on the role of MAP in Cd.

关键词： Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuber-culosis Crohn's diasease Inflammatory bowel disease

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