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Effect of the Number a.d Orientation of Fractures on the P-Wave Velocity diminution: Application on the Building Stones of the Rabat Area (Morocco)

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Geomaterials 2013年第3期3卷 71-81页

作者： Hamid el Azhari iz-Eddine el Amrani el Hassani Université Mohammed V-a.dal (Maroc) Faculté des Sciences Département de Géologie Rabat Morocco Université Mohammed V-a.dal (Maroc) Institut Scientifique Département des Sciences de la Terre Equipe de Géomatériaux et Géo-Environnement (GeoM&E) Rabat Morocco

This study is focused on two types of Moroccan rocks, among the most widely used as building stones: the calcarenite of Salé (CS) a.d the marble of oued Akrech (MA). The two rocks, lithologically different, show a clear contrast of their P-wave velocities (Vp): 3.90 vs 5.10 km/s at dry state a.d 4.29 vs 5.64 km/s at saturation. The “Artificial fractures” created in the two rock types reveal that their Vp undergo diminutions which the rates vary depending of the number a.d the plane orientation of the fractures. In the CS, Vp shows an increasing of cumulative diminution (dc) according to the number of fractures, but with a variable rate of unitary diminution (du) from one fracture to the other. This defines a linear regression with a low coefficient of determination (dc = 10.18NbFr + 10.96;r2 = 0.87). The mode of the Vp evolution would be related to the roughness of fractures surface, which itself depends upon the petrographic nature of the calcarenite (friable structure, high porosity a.d heterogenous composition). The MA manifested an increasing dc with a fairly constant rate of du from a fracture to another, giving a regression line with a high coefficient of determination (dc = 12.17NbFr – 10.69;r2 = 0.99). This steady diminution of Vp would be related to the granoblastic texture a.d the monomineral composition of the marble, which engender smoother fracture surfaces. The rates of Vp diminution also depend on the orientation plane of the fractures relative to the direction of wave propagation. The fractures parallel (θ = 0°) amplify slightly the Vp, playing a significant role of “waveguide”. The fractures oriented at 45° lead to a.diminution lower than those of fractures oriented at 25° a.d 90°. The same trend of diminution, but at variable rates, appears on the samples of the two types of stones at dry a.d saturated state. This can be explained by the compressive nature of P-waves, which obey the physic laws of the transmission of the constraints in the solid me

关键词： Fracture diminution P-Wave Velocity Calcarenite Marble Morocco

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