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Distance signless Laplacian eigenvalues of graphs

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Frontiers of Mathematics in China 2019年第4期14卷 693-713页

作者： Kinkar chandra DAS Huiqiu LIN Jiming GUO Department of Mathematics Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Department of Mat hematics East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China

Suppose that the vertex set of a graph G is V(G) ={v1,v2,...,vn}.The transmission Tr(vi) (or Di) of vertex vi is defined to be the sum of distances from vi to all other *** Tr(G) be the n × n diagonal matrix with its (i,i)-entry equal to TrG(vi).The distance signless Laplacian spectral radius of a connected graph G is the spectral radius of the distance signless Laplacian matrix of G,defined as L(G) =Tr(G) + D(G),where D(G) is the distance matrix of *** this paper,we give a lower bound on the distance signless Laplacian spectral radius of graphs and characterize graphs for which these bounds are best *** obtain a lower bound on the second largest distance signless Laplacian eigenvalue of ***,we present lower bounds on the spread of distance signless Laplacian matrix of graphs and trees,and characterize extremal graphs.

关键词： Graph distance signless Laplacian spectral radius second largest eigenvalue of distance signless Laplacian matrix spread

Trade Destruction and Trade Diversion： Evidence from China

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China & World Economy 2017年第3期25卷 31-59页

作者： Piyush chandra Associate Professor Economics Department Stonehill College USA.

Over the past three decades, we have seen a dramatic increase in the incidence oftemporary trade barriers such as antidumping duties and countervailing duties. Chinahas been at the receiving end of a large number of such measures. In this paper, we studyhow China＇s exports to its major trade partners have been affected when its major tradepartners have used these measures either against China or against other countries. Wefind that Chinese exports to the country that imposed an antidumping duty decreased byapproximately 35 percent. At the same time, an antidumping duty used by the importingcountry that was directed towards other countries but not against China led to anapproximate 30-percent increase in China＇s exports to the policy-imposing *** results remain robust across various specifications. Our findings have importantpolicy implications. In particular, the magnitude of these effects highlights why it isimportant to curb the recent widespread use of these barriers.

关键词： antidumping duties, China, temporary trade barriers, trade destruction, trade diversion

ROBUST HIGH ORDER CONVERGENCE OF AN OVERLAPPING SCHWARZ METHOD FOR SINGULARLY PERTURBED SEMILINEAR REACTION-DIFFUSION PROBLEMS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2013年第5期31卷 509-521页

作者： S. chandra Sekhara Ra~ Sunil Kumar Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz khas New Delhi-110016 India

In this article we propose an overlapping Schwarz domain decomposition method for solving a singularly perturbed semilinear reaction-diffusion problem. The solution to this problem exhibits boundary layers of width O（√ε ln（1/√ε）） at both ends of the domain due to the presence of singular perturbation parameter ε. The method splits the domain into three overlapping subdomains, and uses the Numerov or Hermite scheme with a uniform mesh on two boundary layer subdomains and a hybrid scheme with a uniform mesh on the interior subdomain. The numerical approximations obtained from this method are proved to be almost fourth order uniformly convergent （in the maximum norm） with respect to the singular perturbation parameter. Furthermore, it is proved that, for small ε, one iteration is sufficient to achieve almost fourth order uniform convergence. Numerical experiments are given to illustrate the theoretical order of convergence established for the method.

关键词： Singular perturbation Semilinear reaction-diffusion Overlapping Schwarzmethod Robust convergence Numerov scheme.

Tectonic control on the drainage system in a piedmont region in tectonically active eastern Himalayas

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2012年第1期6卷 29-38页

作者： Chandreyee GOSWAMI Dhruba MUKHOPADHYAY Bikash chandra PODDAR Asutosh College Saltlake CityKolkata 700026India Raman Center for Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Saltlake CityKolkata 700075India BE 267 Saltlake CityKolkata 700064India

The impact ofneotectonic activity on drainage system has been studied in a large alluvial fan in the eastern Himalayan piedmont area between the Mal River and the Murti River. Two distinct E-W lineaments passing through this area had been identified by Nakata （1972, 1989） as active faults. The northern lineament manifested as Matiali scarp and the southern one manifested as Chalsa scarp represent the ramp anticlines over two blind faults, probably the Main Boundary Thrust （MBT） and the Himalayan Frontal Thrust （HFT）, respectively. The fan surface is folded into two antiforms with a synform in between. These folds are interpreted as fault propagation folds over the two north dipping blind thrusts. Two lineaments trending NNE-SSW and nearly N-S, respec- tively, are identified, and parts of present day courses of the Murti and Neora Rivers follow them. These lineaments are named as Murti and Neora lineaments and are interpreted to represent a conjugate set of normal faults. The rivers have changed their courses by the influence of these normal faults along the Murti and Neora lineaments and their profiles show knick points where they cross E-W thrusts. The overall drainage pattern is changed from radial pattern in north of the Matiali scarp to a subparallel one in south due to these conjugate normal faults. The interfluve area between these two rivers is uplifted as a result of vertical movements on the above mentioned faults. Four major terraces and some minor terraces are present along the major river valleys and these are formed due to episodic upliftment of the ground and subsequent down- cutting of the rivers. The uppermost terrace shows a northerly slope north of the Chalsa scarp as a result of folding mentioned above. But rivers on this terrace form incised channels keeping their flow southerly suggestingthat they are antecedent to the folding and their downcutting kept pace with the tectonism.

关键词： alluvial fan drainage pattern thrust normalfault active tectonic

Oxygen Fugacity and Water Activity during Thermal Peak and Retrogression of Granulites around the Sarvapuram Area, Karimnagar Granulite Terrane, Andhra Pradesh, India

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第6期93卷 1900-1908页

作者： P.chandra SINGH D.PRAKASH Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of TechnologyPowaiMumbai400076India Centre of Advanced Study in Geology Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi221005India

The investigated area around Sarvapuram represents a part of the Karimnagar granulite terrane of the Eastern Dharwar Craton, India. Garnet–bearing gneiss is hosted as enclaves, pods within granite gneiss and charnockite. It is largely made up of garnet, orthopyroxene, cordierite, biotite, plagioclase, K–feldspar, sillimanite and quartz. The peak metamorphic stage is represented by the equilibrium mineral assemblage i.e. garnet, orthopyroxene, cordierite, biotite, plagioclase, sillimanite and quartz. Breakdown of the garnet as well as preservation of the orthopyroxene–cordierite symplectite, formation of cordierite with the consumption of the garnet + sillimanite + quartz represents the decompressional event. The thermobarometric calculations suggest a retrograde P–T path with a substantial decompression of c. 3.0 kbar. The water activity(XH2 O) conditions obtained with the win TWQ program for core and symplectite compositions from garnet–bearing gneiss are 0.07–0.14 and 0.11–0.16 respectively. The quantitative estimation of oxygen fugacity in garnet–bearing gneiss reveal log f O2 values ranging from-11.38 to-14.05. This high oxidation state could be one of the reasons that account for the absence of graphite in these rocks.

关键词： metamorphic conditions oxygen fugacity water activity garnet–bearing gneisses Karimnagar granulite terrane India

Comparison of Physico-mechanical Properties of TiO_2 and Cr_2O_3 Additives on Reaction Sintered Zirconia-mullite Composites

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China's Refractories 2019年第1期28卷 11-21页

作者： Debasish chandra OCL China Limited

Reaction sintered dense zirconia-mullite composites were prepared by isostatically pressing from zircon flour and reactive alumina with different proportions of TiO_2 and Cr_2O_3 additives. The pressed compacts were sintered at different elevated temperatures with variable soaking times. Microstructures and phase development in the sintered compacts were analysed to assess the influence of the additives on the properties of the zirconia mullite composite.

关键词： reaction sintering zirconia-mullite additives microstructure isostatic pressing

Structure, composition and diversity of tree species in tropical moist deciduous forests of Eastern India: a case study of Nayagarh Forest Division, Odisha

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第6期28卷 1212-1223页

作者： Tirthabrata Sahoo Pratap chandra Panda Laxmikanta Acharya Taxonomy and Conservation Division Regional Plant Resource Centre Nayapalli Bhubaneswar Odisha 751015India Centre of Biotechnology Sikshya O Anusandhan UniversityGhatikia Bhubaneswar Odisha 751003 India

Quantitative assessment of tree species diversity from sample plots in seven forest ranges of Nayagarh Forest Division in Odisha state in the Eastern Ghats of India was made during the period April, 2011 to November, 2013. A total of 120 transects(1000 m × 5 m) were laid in Nayagarh, Odogaon, Pancharida, Khandapada, Dasapalla,Mahipur, and Gania forest ranges and tree stems of at least 30 cm GBH were measured. The regeneration potential of trees was assessed from 5 m × 5 m sample plots located within the main transect. A total of 177 tree species belonging to 120 genera and 44 families were recorded from the study area. Shorea robusta, Buchanania lanzan, Lannea coromandelica, Terminalia alata and Cleistanthus collinus were the predominant tree species. The stand density varied in the range of 355.33–740.53 stems ha)-1) while basal area ranged from 7.77 to 31.62 m2ha-1. The tree density and species richness decreased with increasing girth class. The highest number of species and maximum density was recorded in the girth class of 30–60 cm. The Shannon–Weiner and Simpson Indices with respect to trees with C30 cm GBH varied in the range of 2.07–3.79 cm and 0.03–0.37 cm respectively and the values of diversity indices are within the reported range for tropical forests of Indian sub-continent. The families, Dipterocarpaceae,Anacardiaceae, Combretaceae and Euphorbiaceae contributed to maximum species richness, stand density, and basal area. Regeneration of many tree species was observed to be poor. The present study provides baseline data for further ecological studies, forest management, and formulation of site-specific strategies for conservation of biological diversity in moist deciduous forests of Eastern India.

关键词： Eastern India Nayagarh Forest Division Odisha Tree diversity

Decaying items inventory models with partial linked-to-order upstream trade credit and downstream full trade credit

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Journal of Management Analytics 2022年第1期9卷 137-168页

作者： Chandan Mahato Gour chandra Mahata Department of Mathematics Sidho-Kanho-Birsha UniversityPuruliaIndia

In practice,any member of supply chain may offer full or partial trade credit contract to his downstream *** trade credit is the case that the latter is allowed to defer whole payment to the end of credit *** partial trade credit,however,the downstream supply chain member must pay for a proportion of the purchased goods at first,and can delay paying for the rest until the end of credit *** paper considers a two-level trade credit,where the supplier offers order-quantity-dependent partial trade credit to a retailer,who suggests full trade credit to his *** economic order quantity(EOQ)inventory model of a deteriorating item with expiration dates is formulated *** results are developed to obtain the optimal solutions to the *** examples and sensitivity analysis are performed to justify the proposed models and theoretical results and managerial insights are provided.

关键词： Inventory two-level trade credit partial trade credit order-quantitydependent trade credit deterioration

Sensitivity analysis of chronic hepatitis C virus infection with immune response and cell proliferation

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2020年第3期13卷 55-78页

作者： Khondoker Nazmoon Nabi chandra NPoddert Department of Mathematics Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology(BUET)Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh Department of Mathematics University of Dhaka Dhaka 1000Bangladesh

A new mathematical model of chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection incorporating humoral and cell-mediated immune responscs,distinct cell proliferation rates for both uninfected and infected hepatocytes,and antiviral treatment all at once,is formulated and analyzed *** of the model elucidates the existence of multiple equilibrium ***,the model has a locally asymptotically stable disease-free equilibrium(DFE)whenever the basic reproduction number is less than *** sensitivity analysis(***)result exhibits that the most influential(negatively sensitive)parameters on the epidemic threshold are the drug efficacy of blocking virus production and the drug efficacy of removing ***,LSA does not accurately assess uncertainty and scnsitivity in the system and may mislead us since by default this technique holds all other parameters fixed at baseline *** overcome this pitfall,one of the most robust and efficient global sensitivity analysis(GSA)methods,which is Latin hypercube sampling-partial rank correlation coefficient technique,elucidates that the proliferation rate of infected hepatocytes and the drug efficacy of killing infected hep-atocytes are highly sensitive parameters that affect the transmission dynamics of HCV in any *** study suggests that cell proliferation of the infected hepatocytes can be very crucial in controlling disease ***,a future HCV drug that boosts cell-mediated immune response is expected to be quite effective in controlling disease outbreak.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis immune response cell proliferation sensitivity