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Evaluation of Nutritional Composition of Two Fonio Ecotypes Grown in Casamance (Sénégal)

Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 533-544页

作者： a.a.ou bouye seydi a.a.ou Diop Animal Physiology Laboratory Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology of Dakar Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

In order to better understand the cultural route, biochemical and nutritional composition of two ecotypes of fonio, a study was carried out in village of Tambananing located approximately 7 km from Sédhiou. The objective of studies was to determine nutritional composition of two ecotypes of fonio: the first called momo in short-cycle mandinka (75 - 90 days) and the other called medium-cycle dibong (90 - 110 days). For this, samples of two ecotypes were collected in an experimental field which was split into two equal parts, one sown with the momo ecotype and the other with the dibong ecotype. The nutritional composition (sugars, fats, proteins, minerals, ash, etc.) and the physicochemical properties (pH, humidity, water activity, color, etc.) of fonio’s were determined by appropriate physicochemical methods. The two ecotypes exhibited quite similar physicochemical properties. The levels of biochemical compounds were relatively close with protein contents of 7.05 ± 0.06 mg/100g for the momo ecotype and of 8.02 ± 0.04 mg/100g for the dibong ecotype, in carbohydrates (76.37 ± 1.2 mg/100g for momo and 78.7 ± 1.5 mg/100g for dibong) and in fat (2.92 ± 0.05 mg/100g for momo and 3.14 ± 0.004 mg/100g for dibong). Identical mineral element contents were found except for iron, an element for which the contents were 10.80 ± 0.008 mg/100g for the momo ecotype and 99.59 ± 0.005 mg/100g for the dibong ecotype. Thus, two ecotypes of fonio present a fairly interesting nutritional composition and their consumption deserves to be popularized and could contribute effectively to fight against the problems of malnutrition of certain vulnerable groups.

关键词： Biochemical Composition Ecotypes Fonio Casamance

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Comparative Study of the Protein Contents of Local and Imported Rice Consumed in Senegal

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 561-571页

作者： a.a.ou bouye seydi Nadina Zuleika Leite Serigne Omar Sarr Yérim Mbagnick Diop a.a.ou Diop Animal Physiology Laboratory Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Protein is essential for the growth and maintenance of the body. They play a crucial role in different biological processes. This study focuses on comparing the protein contents of local rice grown in the Senegal River valley and rice imported from Asia. The objective is to evaluate the importance of the protein nutritional value of local rice compared to imported rice. Protein contents were determined using the Kjeldahl method. The results of the protein assays show that local rice varieties such as Sahel 108 and Sahel 134 grown in the Thilène basins had protein percentages comparable to those of imported rice. The protein percentages were 15.19% ± 0.91% for the Sahel 108 variety and 16.62% ± 0.01% for the Sahel 134 variety compared to 15.8% ± 0.01% on average for imported rice. Thus from the point of view of protein content, local rice has a nutritional value identical to that of imported rice which it can validly replace. It is important in Senegal to encourage local production, which would make it possible to reduce imports on the one hand and to make quality rice available to the local Senegalese market on the other. Sahel varieties with high protein contents deserve large-scale development to meet the country’s protein needs.

关键词： Proteins Rice Nutritional Value Kjeldahl Method River Valley Senegal

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Factors Associated with Death among Tuberculosis Patients in Dakar

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2021年第2期11卷 122-139页

作者： Moustapha Diop Papa Samba Ba Jean Augustin Diegane Tine Ndèye Maguette Fall Tracie Youbong Mouha.a.ou Ndiaye Ndèye Mouminatou Mbaye Mouhamed bouye Nestor Diatta Alassane Sarr Sokhna Walo Ndiaye Ibrahima Cisse Louise Fortes Degenonvo Abdourahmane Niang Adama Faye Moussa seydi Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Health and Development Institute Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases FANN Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Pulmonology Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Faculty of Medicine and Odontology Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Private Institute for Training and Research in Medicine Dakar Senegal

Introduction-Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent worldwide. The predictors of mortality due to TB are rarely evaluated in Senegal. The aim of our study was to identify factors associated with related TB death in two treatment centers in Dakar, Senegal. Method: We conducted a prospective descriptive-analytical study dealing with TB patients followed in the Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases at FANN Teaching Hospital and Dakar Principal Hospital and in the Department of Pulmonology at Dakar Principal Hospital from March 1st, 2019 to February 29th, 2020. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify the associated factors of death. Results: Two hundred eighty-two patients in the Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases at FANN teaching hospital (57%), in the Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases at Dakar Principal Hospital (31%), and in the Department of Pulmonology at Dakar Principal Hospital (12%) were included in the study. The mean age was 39 ± 16 years and the male to female ratio was 2.2. Isolated pulmonary TB, isolated extrapulmonary TB, and both pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB were present in 33.3%, 30.5% and 36.2% of cases, respectively. Twenty-two patients died, corresponding to a mortality rate of 7.8%. Factors independently associated with death were age ≥ 60 years (26.2 [3.6 - 191.2]) compared to 16 - 40 years’ age group, HIV infection (7.2 [1.4 - 36.9]), neurological localization of TB (13.19 [3.2 - 54.3]), and hemoglobin level Conclusion: Tuberculosis remains a fatal disease despite therapeutic advances. Better knowledge of associated factors of death from TB may help to reduce its mortality.

关键词： Tuberculosis Death Associated Factors Dakar

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