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A Critical Review of Community Resilience Building Framework: Contexts of Climate Change and Disasters in Bangladesh

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第9期12卷 315-334页

作者： Abdul Alim Shaikh Mousumi halder Muhammad Ramzan Ali Ruhul Amin Md Saifur Rahman Md. Kamruzza.a. Khulna University Khulna Bangladesh Climate Change Program Christian Commission for Development in Bangladesh (CCDB) Dhaka Bangladesh International Rescue Committee-UK Coxs Bazar Bangladesh Tropical and International Forestry Technical University Dresden Cotta Bau Pienner Strae 7 01737 Tharandt Germany Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline Khulna University Khulna Bangladesh

The concept of community resilience in the contexts of climate change and disasters draws increasing attention and interest from practitioners and researchers in recent development discourse. This paper provides a critical review of six selected frameworks of community resilience building operationalized in Bangladesh over the span of years. In other words, this study aims to contribute to the understanding of resilience through a systematic a.a.ysis of the dimensions and indicators of community resilience frameworks. The a.a.ysis shows that comprehensive and effective community resilience frameworks should incorporate the missing components linked to fundamental elements of good governance, economic growth, environmental sustainability, social transformation, and ca.a.ity development. The paper concludes by highlighting a few other areas of grave concern that need more appropriate attention, considering the severe threats posed by climate change and natural disasters in line with sustainable development goals. Finally, this study recommends further research regarding the effectiveness of these frameworks in different climatic and disaster contexts that can lead the concept into a new dimension of community resilience and sustainability.

关键词： Community Resilience Resilience Building Framework Resilience Indicators Climate Change Disaster Bangladesh

Two-Stent Strategy for Bifurcation Lesions in Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty: Real-World Evidence

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 140-156页

作者： Dilip Kumar Amit Malviya.a.imesh Mishra Rabin Chakraborty Sanjeev S. Mukherjee Soumya Patra.a.indam Pande Ra.a.Rathor Roy Debopriyo Mondal Ashesh halder Sumit Shanker Medica Superspecialty Hospital 127 Eastern Metropolitan Bypass Nitai Nagar Mukundapur Kolkata West Bengal India North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health & Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS) Mawdiangdiang Shillong Meghalaya India

Background: Bifurcation lesions pose a high risk for adverse events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Evidence supporting the benefits of the two-stent strategy (2SS) for treating coronary bifurcation lesions in India is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of various 2SSs for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty for bifurcation lesions in India. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, observational, multicentric, real-world study included 64 patients over 8 years. Da.a.on demographics, medical history, PCI procedures, and outcomes were recorded. Descriptive statistics were computed using the SPSS software. Results: Patients (n = 64) had an average age of 65.3 ± 11.1 years, with 78.1% males. Acute coronary syndrome was reported in 18.8%, chronic stable angina in 40.6%, and unstable angina in 34.4% of participants. Two-vessel disease was observed in 98.4% of patients, and 99.4% had true bifurcation lesions. The commonly involved vessels were the left anterior descending artery (50%), left circumflex coronary artery (34.4%), and first diagonal artery (43.8%). Mean percent diameter stenosis was 87.2% ± 10.1%. The mean number of stents used was 2.00 ± 0.34. The 2SS techniques included the T and small protrusion (TAP) (39.1%), double kissing (DK) crush (18.8%), and the culotte techniques (14.1%). Procedural and angiographic success rate was 92.18%. Major adverse cardiovascular events at 1-year follow-up occurred in 7.8% of cases. Conclusion: The 2SS for bifurcation lesions showed favorable in-hospital and follow-up outcomes. Findings can serve as a resource for bifurcation angioplasty in India. Larger real-world studies with robust methodology are needed to validate these results.

关键词： Bifurcation Stenting Coronary Bifurcation Lesions Percutaneous

Spectral coherence of white LEDs

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Photonics Research 2022年第11期10卷 2460-2470页

作者： ATRI halder JARI TURUNEN Institute of Photonics University of Eastern FinlandFI-80101 JoensuuFinland

We address space–frequency domain coherence properties of broadband light-emitting diodes(white LEDs) and fields radiated by them. Inverse-source techniques are employed to determine the spectral degree of spatial coherence of an effective pla.a. source representing a real LED, and coherent elementary fields associated with *** fitting with experimental measurements, we formulate simple a.a.ytical coherence models that can be used as a basis for theoretical and experimental studies of the coherence of polychromatic stationary light in free space and in various optical systems. In particular, we find that radiation from white LEDs follows closely Wolf’s scaling law for spectral invariance [Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 1370(1986)] in the blue and the phosphor-generated parts of the spectrum sepa.a.ely, but not across the entire white-light spectrum.

关键词： white spectral representing

Heat Transfer and Thermal Cha.a.teristics Effects on Moving Plate Impinging from Cu-Water Nanofluid Jet

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Journal of Thermal Science 2020年第1期29卷 182-193页

作者： DATTa.a.anti KUMAR Sonal halder Pabitra Department of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology

The present article is focused on modelling of flow and heat transfer behaviour of Cu-water nanofluid in a confined slot jet impingement on hot moving *** pa.a.eters such as various moving plate velocities,nanoparticles at various concentrations,variation in turbulent Reynolds number and jet nozzle to plate distance have been considered to study the flow field and convective heat transfer performance of the *** of distribution of local and average Nusselt number and skin friction coefficients at the plate surface are shown to elucidate the heat transfer and fluid flow *** a.a.ysis of both stream function and isotherm contours are carried out to perceive the flow pattern and heat transfer mechanism due to moving *** results revealed that average Nusselt number significantly rises with plate velocity in addition with jet inlet Reynolds *** of the average Nusselt numbers are presented.

关键词： Cu-water nanofluid,multiphase mixture model moving plate jet impingement CFD

Nonequilibrium Phase Transition in Spin-S Ising Ferromagnet Driven by Propa.a.ing and Standing Magnetic Field Wave

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2017年第11期67卷 600-610页

作者： a.a. halder Muktish Acharyya Department of Physics Presidency University

The dynamical response of spin-S(S=1, 3/2, 2, 3) Ising ferromagnet to the plane propa.a.ing wave, standing magnetic field wave and uniformly oscillating field with constant frequency are studied sepa.a.ely in two dimensions by extensive Monte Carlo simulation. Depending upon the strength of the magnetic field and the value of the spin state of the Ising spin lattice two different dynamical phases are observed. For a fixed value of S and the amplitude of the propa.a.ing magnetic field wave the system undergoes a dynamical phase transition from propa.a.ing phase to pinned phase as the temperature of the system is cooled down. Similarly in case with standing magnetic wave the system undergoes dynamical phase transition from high temperature phase where spins oscillate coherently in alternate bands of half wavelength of the standing magnetic wave to the low temperature pinned or spin frozen phase. For a fixed value of the amplitude of magnetic field oscillation the transition temperature is observed to decrease to a limiting value as the value of spin S is increased. The time averaged magnetisation over a full cycle of the magnetic field oscillation plays the role of the dynamic order pa.a.eter. A comprehensive phase boundary is drawn in the plane of magnetic field amplitude and dynamic transition temperature. It is found that the phase boundary shrinks inwards for high value of spin state *** in the low temperature(and high field) region the phase boundaries are closely spaced.

关键词： Ising model dynamic phase transition Monte-Carlo algorithm propa.a.ing wave standing wave

Robust Nonlinear a.a.ytic Redundancy for Fault Detection and Isolation in Mobile Robot

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2007年第2期4卷 177-182页

作者： Bibhrajit halder Nilanjan Sarkar Department of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN-37212USA

A robust nonlinear a.a.ytical redundancy （RNLAR） technique is presented to detect and isolate actuator and sensor faults in a mobile robot. Both model-plant-mismatch （MPM） and process disturbance are considered during fault detection. The RNLAR is used to design primary residual vectors （PRV）, which are highly sensitive to the faults and less sensitive to MPM and process disturbance, for sensor and actuator fault detection. The PRVs are then transformed into a set of structured residual vectors （SRV） for fault isolation. Experimental results on a Pioneer 3-DX mobile robot are presented to justify the effectiveness of the RNLAR scheme.

关键词： Fault detection fault isolation nonlinear systems robustness uncertainty.

Rhyolites in continental mafic Large Igneous Provinces: Petrology,geochemistry and petrogenesis

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第1期12卷 53-80页

作者： Mahesh halder Debajyoti Paul Sa.a.it Sensarma Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur 208016India Centre of Advanced Study in Geology University of LucknowLucknow 226007India

We present a detailed review of the petrological and geochemical aspects of rhyolite and associated silicic volcanic rocks(up to 20 vol%of all rocks)reported to date from twelve well known Phanerozoic continental mafic Large Igneous Provinces(LIPs).These typically spread overa.a.a-Etendeka.a.ea.a.d comprisea.a.tic eruption withina.a.terized by the presence of clinopyroxene phenocrysts,exhibit steep negative slopes in bivariate major oxides plots and weak to no Nb-Ta.a.omaly;these typically have temperature>900℃.Rhyolites formed by significant crustal contribution are cha.a.terized by strong negative Nb-Ta.a.omalies,absence of clinopyroxene phenocrysts,and are likely to have a magma temperature<900℃.Geochemical signatures suggest rhyolite melt generation in the plagioclase stability field with a minor fraction originating from lower crustal depths.A large part of the compositional variability in rhyolites,particularly the SrNd-Pb-O isotope ratios,suggests a significant role of continental crust(upper crustal melting or AFC)in the evolution of these silicic rocks in the continental mafic LIPs.

关键词： Large Igneous Province Silicic rock Rhyolite Geochemistry Petrogenesis AFC

Development of a mass model in estimating weight-wise particle size distribution using digital image processing

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第3期27卷 435-443页

作者： Maiti Abhik Chakra.a.ty Debashish Biswas Kousik halder Arpan Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharag-pur 721302 India

Particle size distribution of coarse aggregates through mechanical sieving gives results in terms of cumu- lative mass percent. But digital image processing generated size distribution of particles, while being fast and accurate, is often expressed in terms of area function or number of particles. In this paper, a mass model is developed which converts the image obtained size distribution to mass-wise distribution, mak- ing it readily compa.a.le to mechanical sieving da.a. The concept of weight/particle ratio is introduced for mass reconstruction from 2D images of particle aggregates. Using this mass model, the effects of several particle shape pa.a.eters （such as major axis, minor axis, and equivalent diameter） on sieve-size of the particles is studied. It is shown that the sieve-size of a particle strongly depend upon the shape pa.a.- eters, 91% of its variation being explained by major axis, minor axis, bounding box length and equivalent diameter. Furthermore, minor axis gives an overall accurate estimate of particle sieve-size, error in mean size （D-50） being just 0.4%. However, sieve-size of smaller particles （〈20 ram） strongly depends upon the length of the smaller arm of the bounding box enclosing them and sieve-sizes of larger particles （〉20 mm） are highly correlated to their equivalent diameters. Multiple linear regression a.a.ysis has been used to generate overall mass-wise particle size distribution, considering the influences of all these shape pa.a.eters on particle sieve-size. Multiple linear regression generated overall mass-wise particle size distribution shows a strong correlation with sieve generated da.a. The adjusted R-square value of the regression a.a.ysis is found to be 99 percent （w.r,t cumulative frequency）. The method proposed in this paper provides a time-efficient way of producing accurate （up to 99%） mass-wise PSD using digital image processing and it can be used effectively to renlace the mechanical sieving.

关键词： Particle size distribution Image a.a.ysis Particle shape pa.a.eters Weight/particle ratio Sieve a.a.ysis

The importance of laminin at the blood-brain barrier

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2557-2563页

作者： Sebok K.halder Arjun Sapkota Richard Milner San Diego Biomedical Research Institute San DiegoCAUSA

The blood-brain barrier is a unique property of central nervous system blood vessels that protects sensitive central nervous system cells from potentially harmful blood *** mechanistic basis of this barrier is found at multiple levels,including the adherens and tight junction proteins that tightly bind adjacent endothelial cells and the influence of neighboring pericytes,microglia.a.d astrocyte *** addition,extracellular matrix components of the vascular basement membrane play a critical role in establishing and maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity,not only by providing an adhesive substrate for blood-brain barrier cells to adhere to,but also by providing guidance cues that strongly influence vascular cell *** extracellular matrix protein laminin is one of the most abundant components of the basement membrane,and several lines of evidence suggest that it plays a key role in directing blood-brain barrier *** this review,we describe the basic structure of laminin and its receptors,the expression patterns of these molecules in central nervous system blood vessels and how they are altered in disease states,and most importantly,how genetic deletion of different laminin isoforms or their receptors reveals the contribution of these molecules to blood-brain barrier function and ***,we discuss some of the important unanswered questions in the field and provide a“to-do”list of some of the critical outstanding experiments.

关键词： astrocytes basement membrane blood vessels blood-brain barrier integrity dystroglycan endothelial cells inflammation integrins laminin pericytes