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Critical Role of Ethylene-Propylene Block Copolymer in Impact Polypropylene Copolymer

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 344-351,I0007页

作者： Yu-hui Tang na Zhang Wei Bao Wei Jiang Yuan Lin Zhao-hui Su State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China school of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Ethylene-propylene block copolymer(EbP) is a vital component in impact polypropylene copolymer(IPC), yet its distribution in the multiphase composite material and how it influences the phase structure and the mechanical properties are not well understood. In this work,four IPCs were investigated by atomic force microscopy-infrared(AFM-IR) to assess the phase compositions in situ, based on which in conjunction with the chain microstructure information obtained ex situ the distributions of the copolymer components were derived for each alloy. For the IPCs whose EbP comprises long P and long E segments, the EbP fraction was found to phase separate from the rubber and the PP matrix to form the cores of the disperse particles with the E-P segmented copolymer(EsP). In contrast, in the IPC with EbP composed of long P and short E segments, the EbP fraction formed an outer shell for the rubber particles with the cores comprising the EsP alone, and this IPC, containing a lower E comonomer content than its counterpart, exhibited both better impact resistance and higher flexural modulus. These results clarify how the chain structure of EbP governs the phase morphology in IPC, which in turn impacts the properties of the composite material.

关键词： Impact polypropylene copolymers AFM-IR Ethylene-propylene block copolymers Core-shell rubber particles

The role of the auxin-response genes MdGh3.1 and MdSAUR36 in bitter pit formation in apple

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horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第5期10卷 1085-1098页

作者： Daqing huang Wen Peng na Gong Lina Qiu Yongzhang Wang haiyong Qu College of horticulture Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandong 266109China

Apples often exhibit bitter pits in response to metabolic disorders during ripening and storage;however, the mechanisms underlying the bitter pit(BP) development remain unclear. here, metabolome and transcriptome analyses were performed to investigate BP pulp of 'Fuji'. Two auxin-response genes, MdGh3.1 and MdSAUR36, were screened. Their expression as well as the auxin content in BP pulp were found to be higher than those in healthy pulp(P he field, excess CO(Nh2)2increased the incidence of BP. Moreover, the auxin content and MdGh3.1 expression increased in apples after nitrogen fertilization. On Day 30 before harvest, the two genes were transiently transferred to the fruit, and 20.69% and 23.21% of BP fruits were harvested. After 10 μmol·L-1auxin was infiltrated at low pressure into postharvest fruit, the increase in MdGh3.1 expression occurred earlier than that in MdSAUR36. MdGh3.1 increased the expression of MdSAUR36, but MdSAUR36 did not increase expression of MdGh3.1. Therefore, we suggest that MdGh3.1 acts upstream of MdSAUR36 during BP formation and that these genes induce BP formation by regulating auxin and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.

关键词： Apple Malusdomestica Auxin Bitter pit Flavonoids Nitrogen fertilizer Widely targeted metabolomics

Ginsenoside Rd Induces Differentiation of Myeloid Leukemia Cells via Regulating ERK/GSK-3βSignaling Pathway

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第7期30卷 588-599页

作者： JIANG Yu-xia ZhAO Yan-na YU Xiao-ling YIN Li-ming Department of hematology Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou310012China Institute of hematology Research the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University(Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)Hangzhou310006China

Objective To investigate the role of ginsenoside Rd(GRd)in acute myeloid leukemia(AML)cell *** AML cells were treated with GRd(25,50,100 and 200µg/mL),retinoic acid(RA,0.1g/L)and PD98059(20 mg/mL)for 72 h,cell survival was detected by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide and colony formation assays,and cell cycle was detected by flow *** morphology and differentiation were observed by Wright-Giemsa staining,peroxidase chemical staining and cellular immunochemistry assay,*** protein expression levels of GATA binding protein 1(GATA-1),purine rich Box-1(PU.1),phosphorylated-extracellular signal-related kinase(p-ERK),ERK,phosphorylated-glycogen synthase kinase-3β(p-GSK3β),GSK3βand signal transducer and activator of transcription 1(STAT1)were detected by Western ***-six mice were randomly divided into 3 groups using a random number table:model control group(non-treated),GRd group[treated with 200 mg/(kg·d)GRd]and homoharringtonine(hTT)group[treated with 1 mg/(kg·d)hTT].A tumor-bearing nude mouse model was established,and tumor weight and volume were *** of subcutaneous tumor tissue were observed after hematoxylin and eosin ***1 and GATA-1 expressions were detected by immunohistochemical *** The cell survival was inhibited by GRd in a dose-dependent manner and GRd caused G0/G1 cell arrest(phowing increased expressions of peroxidase and specific proteins concerning erythrogenic or granulocytic differentiation(phe effects of PD98059 on inhibiting the expressions of peroxidase,GATA-1 and PU.1(Pht and volume of mice were decreased,and tumor cells underwent massive apoptosis and necrosis(P<0.05).WT1 level was decreased,and GATA-1 level was significantly increased in subcutaneous tumor ti

关键词： ginsenoside Rd myeloid leukemia survival differentiation extracellular signal-related kinase signaling pathway

Incubation temperature induced developmental plasticity of cold responsive physiological phenotypes in Japanese Quails

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Avian Research 2024年第3期15卷 385-394页

作者： Yingxin Kou Rongmiao Zhang Xiaoqian Li na Zhu Yihang huang Shuping Zhang College of Life and Environmental Sciences Minzu University of ChinaBeijing100081China

Embryonic development is a critical period for phenotype *** variation during embryonic development can induce changes in postnatal phenotypes of *** thyroxine secretion and aerobic metabolic activity of small birds are important phenotypes closely related to their winter *** the context of climate change,it is necessary to determine whether temperature variation during incubation in birds leads to developmental plasticity of these cold responsive *** incubated Japanese Quail(Coturnix japonica)eggs at 36.8℃,37.8℃,and 38.8℃,and raised the chicks to 35-day old at 22℃with same raising conditions,then all the quails were exposed to gradually temperature dropping environment(from 15℃to 0℃).After cold treatment,serum T3 level,resting metabolic rate,skeletal muscle and liver metabolomes of the birds were *** serum T3 levels were significantly lower in the 38.8℃group and significantly higher in the 36.8℃group compared to the 37.8℃*** metabolic rate in the 38.8℃group was significantly lower compared to the 37.8℃*** with the 37.8℃group,metabolites involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle in the liver were significantly lower in the 38.8℃group,and metabolites related to lipid oxidation metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis were significantly lower in the skeletal muscles in the 38.8℃group but significantly higher in the 36.8℃*** results indicate that incubation temperature variation can lead to developmental plasticity in cold responsive physiological *** incubation temperature may impair the capacity of birds coping with cold challenge.

关键词： Cold response Developmental plasticity Incubation temperature Metabolic rate Metabolomes Precocial bird Thyroxin

Insights into sensitizing and eliciting capacity of gastric and gastrointestinal digestion products of shrimp(Penaeus vannamei)proteins in BALB/c mice

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Food Science and human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 339-348页

作者： Yao Liu Songyi Lin Kexin Liu Shan Wang Wang Li na Sun national Engineering Research Center of Seafood School of Food Science and TechnologyDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034China Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing Dalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034China

Shrimp(Penaeus vannamei)proteins have been shown an allergenic potential;however,little information is available on the sensitizing and eliciting capacity of shrimp protein digestion *** this study,a BALB/c mice model was used to explore the allergenicity of shrimp protein sample(SPS)and their gastric and gastrointestinal digestion products(GDS/GIDS).As compared with the SPS groups,the GDS/GIDS groups caused lower specific immunoglobulins(Ig E/Ig G1)levels(Phigher than the control groups,indicating that the digestion products sensitized the ***,spleen index,mouse mast cell protease-1(m MCP-1)concentration and proportion of degranulated mast cells were significantly reduced in the GDS/GIDS groups(Phistopathological changes of tissues were ***,the allergenicity of digestion products cannot be eliminated and still cause systemic allergic reactions in *** study showed that the digestion products of shrimp still had high sensitizing and eliciting capacity.

关键词： Penaeus vannamei Allergenicity Digestion BALB/c mice model

Neutrophil peptide 1 accelerates the clearance of degenerative axons during Wallerian degeneration by activating macrophages after peripheral nerve crush injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1822-1827页

作者： Yuhui Kou Yusong Yuan Qicheng Li Wenyong Xie hailin Xu na han Department of Trauma and Orthopedics Peking University People’s HospitalBeijingChina national Center for Trauma Medicine BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijingChina Department of Orthopedics China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology Peking University People’s HospitalBeijingChina

Macrophages play an important role in peripheral nerve regeneration,but the specific mechanism of regeneration is still *** preliminary findings indicated that neutrophil peptide 1 is an innate immune peptide closely involved in peripheral nerve ***,the mechanism by which neutrophil peptide 1 enhances nerve regeneration remains *** study was designed to investigate the relationship between neutrophil peptide 1 and macrophages in vivo and in vitro in peripheral nerve crush *** functions of RAW 264.7 cells we re elucidated by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay,flow cytometry,migration assays,phagocytosis assays,immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** debris phagocytosis was observed using the CUBIC(Clear,Unobstructed Brain/Body Imaging Cocktails and Computational analysis)optical clearing technique during Wallerian *** inflammatory factor expression in different polarization states was detected using a protein *** results showed that neutrophil peptide 1 promoted the prolife ration,migration and phagocytosis of macrophages,and CD206 expression on the surfa ce of macrophages,indicating M2 *** axonal debris clearance rate during Wallerian degeneration was enhanced after neutrophil peptide 1 *** peptide 1 also downregulated inflammatory factors interleukin-1α,-6,-12,and tumor necrosis factor-αin invo and in ***,the results suggest that neutrophil peptide 1 activates macrophages and accelerates Wallerian degeneration,which may be one mechanism by which neutrophil peptide 1 enhances peripheral nerve regeneration.

关键词： axonal debris inflammatory factors macrophages neutrophil peptide 1 peripheral nerve injury peripheral nerve regeneration RAW 264.7 cells sciatic nerve Wallerian degeneration

Multivariate chemical analysis:From sensors to sensor arrays

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 14-24页

作者： Xueling Yu Lixing Fu Tong Wang Zhixin Liu na Niu Ligang Chen College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Resource UtilizationKey Laboratory of Forest Plant EcologyNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China

Chemical sensor arrays can obtain more comprehensive analyte information through high-dimensional *** is of great significance in the analysis of multi-component complex *** review summarizes the development and status of chemical sensor *** focused on the design of chemical sensor arrays based on various sensing *** addition,several pattern recognition methods in chemometrics are *** applications of chemical sensor arrays in food monitoring,medical diagnosis,and environmental monitoring are *** on the analysis of the limitations of current sensor array technology,the direction of the array is also *** review aims to help the broad readership understand the research state of chemical sensor arrays and their development prospects.

关键词： Chemical sensor arrays Sensing materials Pattern recognition methods Analytical application

Astronomical forcing and sedimentary noise modeling of lake-level changes in the Middle Eocene Chezhen Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,eastern China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第2期18卷 446-459页

作者： Xuwei LUAN Jinliang ZhANG na LI Tao ChEN Long SUN Xuecai ZhANG Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China Management Center of Oil and Gas Exploration Sinopec Shengli OilfieldDongying 257000China

The accurate determination of geological age is a key to understanding the history and process of paleolake evolution and oil and gas exploration in continental lake ***,improving the accuracy of geological age has always been a difficult scientific problem.A 609-m-thick,continuous lacustrine mudstone and sandstone succession in Chezhen Sag(eastern China)provides an ideal middle Eocene sedimentary record for establishing a high-resolution stratigraphic chronology *** on spectrum analysis and sliding window spectrum analysis of the natural gamma(GR)logging data of well Che 271(C271)in Chezhen Sag,the periods of 405 kyr and 40.1 kyr were filtered by a Gaussian bandpass filter,and a“floating”astrochronological time scale(ATS)was *** total number of 405 kyr eccentricity cycles were 13.6 and 40.1 kyr obliquity cycles were 138 which recorded from the upper member 4(Es4U)to the member 3(Es3)of the Eocene Shahejie Formation,and the depositional duration was 5.53 *** Coefficient(COCO)analysis and evolutionary Correlation Coefficient(eCoCo)analysis found that the optimal sedimentary rate of different *** noise simulation revealed the history of paleolake water changes in the Middle Eocene in the Chezhen Sag,according to which four sequences are *** study shows that the lake level change of Chezhen Sag in the middle Eocene shows prominent 1.2 Myr cycles and an antiphase well-coupled relationship with obliquity ***,we propose a model to explain the relationship between the orbital cycle and lake level change in the continental lake *** the obliquity of the earth increases,the middle and high latitudes of the earth will be closer to the sun,the direct sunlight will be higher,and the meridional sunshine will increase,thus accelerating the evaporation process of lake basin *** the seasonal changes are obvious(maximum period of 1.2 Myr ultra-long obliquity),this effect is more signific

关键词： Chezhen Sag cyclostratigraphy astrochronological time scale sedimentary noise

Therapeutic strategies of targeting nonapoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) with smallmolecule compounds in cancer

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第7期14卷 2815-2853页

作者： Xin Jin Wenke Jin Linlin Tong Jia Zhao Lan Zhang na Lin Department of Ultrasound Department of Medical Oncology and Department of Hematologythe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110001China Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of natural Drugs School of Life Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

Regulated cell death(RCD)is a controlled form of cell death orchestrated by one or more cascading signaling pathways,making it amenable to pharmacological *** subroutines can be categorized as apoptotic or non-apoptotic and play essential roles in maintaining homeostasis,facilitating development,and modulating *** evidence has recently revealed that RCD evasion is frequently the primary cause of tumor *** non-apoptotic RCD subroutines have garnered attention as promising cancer therapies due to their ability to induce tumor regression and prevent relapse,comparable to ***,they offer potential solutions for overcoming the acquired resistance of tumors toward apoptotic *** an increasing understanding of the underlying mechanisms governing these non-apoptotic RCD subroutines,a growing number of small-molecule compounds targeting single or multiple pathways have been discovered,providing novel strategies for current cancer *** this review,we comprehensively summarized the current regulatory mechanisms of the emerging non-apoptotic RCD subroutines,mainly including autophagy-dependent cell death,ferroptosis,cuproptosis,disulfidptosis,necroptosis,pyroptosis,alkaliptosis,oxeiptosis,parthanatos,mitochondrial permeability transition(MPT)-driven necrosis,entotic cell death,NETotic cell death,lysosome-dependent cell death,and immunogenic cell death(ICD).Furthermore,we focused on discussing the pharmacological regulatory mechanisms of related small-molecule *** brief,these insightful findings may provide valuable guidance for investigating individual or collaborative targeting approaches towards different RCD subroutines,ultimately driving the discovery of novel small-molecule compounds that target RCD and significantly enhance future cancer therapeutics.

关键词： Regulated cell death(RCD) Non-apoptotic RCD subroutine Autophagy Ferroptosis Necroptosis Regulatory mechanism Small-molecule compound Cancer therapy