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Pelleting and particle size reduction of corn increase net energy and digestibility of fiber,protein,and fat in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1751-1760页

作者： Su A Lee Diego A.Rodriguez Chad B.Paulk hans h.Stein Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Grain Sciences and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Background Reduction of the particle size of corn increases energy digestibility and concentrations of digestible and metabolizable *** may also reduce particle size of grain,but it is not known if there are interactions between particle size reduction and *** objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that particle size reduction and pelleting,separately or in combination,increase N balance,apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of fiber and fat,and net energy(NE)in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed *** Six corn-soybean meal-based diets were used in a 3×2 factorial design with 3 particle sizes of corn(i.e.,700,500,or 300μm)and 2 diet forms(i.e.,meal or pelleted).Pigs were allowed ad libitum access to feed and ***-four castrated male pigs(initial weight:29.52 kg;standard diviation:1.40)were allotted to the 6 diets using a 6×6 Latin square design with 6 calorimeter chambers(i.e.,4 pigs/chamber)and 6 *** consumption and CO_(2)and Ch_(4)productions were measured during fed and fasting states and fecal and urine samples were *** Regardless of particle size of corn,the ATTD of gross energy(GE),N,and acid-hydrolyzed ether extract(AEE),and the concentration of NE were greater(Phan in meal *** of diet form,the ATTD of GE,N,and AEE,and the concentration of NE were increased(linear;Phe particle size of corn,but the increase was greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets(interaction;Ph pelleting and reduction of corn particle size increased nutrient digestibility and NE,but increases were greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets.

关键词： Corn Digestibility Feed technology Net energy Particle size Pelleting

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Public Broadcasting in Brazil＂ Challenges to Overcome a Symbolic Liability

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2013年第11期3卷 691-704页

作者： Carlos Eduardo Esc h, Nel1ia R. Del Bianco University of Brasilia Brasilia Brazil

A survey of opinion conducted by the Observatory of Public Broadcasting in Latin America indicates that one of the biggest challenges for Brazilian public broadcasting lies in changing the perception that has been crystallized by the public in relation to such stations. Initial analysis of the data obtained so far shows that the respondents have a negative image in relation to public media. At times, the people manifest themselves in favor of the principles that should delimit the performance of radios and TVs, such as diversity, independence, and differentiation from commercial media, but, which are not fully followed. At other times, they criticize the quality of programming and the political-governmental character of these stations. In this critical scenario, the paper presents a discussion on the challenges facing the sector considering the complex historical, cultural, and economic policy circumstances, that have contributed to the maintenance of this ＂symbolic liability＂ between media and the audience/citizens, and which reflects on the possible strategies to face the problem.

关键词： public broadcasting observatory of public broadcasting audience and symbolic liability

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Bioactive Steroid from the Root Bark of Psorospermum corymbiferum

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中国天然药物 2011年第4期9卷 264-266页

作者： Zubair MF Oladosu ia Olawore NO Usman LA Fakunle CO hamid AA Ali MS Department of Chemistry University of llorinNigeria Department of Chemistry University of IbadanNigeria Department of Chemistry Ladoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomoso Department of Chemistry Bowen UniversityIwoNigeria International Centre for Chemical and Biological Studies(ICCBS) Pakistan

AIM:To isolate,characterize and investigate the antifungal activity of the root bark of Psorospermum corymbiferum(Clusiaceae).METhODS:The finely ground root bark of Psorospermum corymbiferum was cold-extracted by percolation with 98% ethanol(5.0 L) for two *** ethanol extract was macerated with n-hexane,chloroform,ethylacetate and methanol successively to give the respective solvent *** of the extract was done using column chromatography on silica gel with cyclohexene:ethylacetate(1:1) as eluents,and the subfractions were purified by TLC using cyclohexane:ethylacetate(7:3).The structures were elucidated based on spectral analysis(IR,1h NMR and 13C NMR) in comparison with the data with those reported in the *** minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) was determined on Candida alblican and Candida ***:Three known compounds,acetylvismione F,prenylated bianthrone and 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone and a steroid were isolated from the *** determined on Candida alblican and *** were 20 and 15 μ***-1,*** steroidal compound(diosgenin) was characterized for the first time from Psorospermum corymbiferum(Clusiaceae).CONCLUSION:The results suggested that the isolation has anticandidal properties,supporting the use of this plant in folk *** current drug of choice for disseminated Candidiasis is amphotericin B with MIC of 0.39 μ***-1,which could be a promising lead for a new antifungal drug especially if subjected to SAR in antifungal drug design.

关键词：生物活性化合物胆汁酸化学分析

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Evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential of leaf extracts of Skimmia anquetilia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第8期2卷 627-630页

作者： Vijender Kumar Zulfiqar Ali Bhat Dinesh Kumar NA Khan ia Chashoo Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kashmir

Objective:To evaluate anti-inflammatory potential of leaf extract of Skimmia anquetilia by invitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory ***:Acute toxicity study was carried out to determine the toxicity level of different extract using acute toxic class method as described in Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development Guidelines ***(1% w/w) was administered and inflammation was induced in rat *** leaf extracts of Skimmia anquetilia were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity by in-vitro human red blood cell(hRBC) membrane stabilization method and in-vivo carrangeenan-induced rat paw edema method. Results:The in-vitro membrane stabilizing test showed petroleum ether(PE),chloroform(CE), ethyl acetate(EE),methanol(ME) and aqueous extracts(AE) showed 49.44%,59.39%,60.15%,68.40% and 52.18%protection,respectively as compared to control *** in-vivo results of CE,EE and ME showed 58.20%.60.17%and 67.53%inhibition of inflammation after 6h administration of test drugs in albino *** potency of the leaf extracts of Skimmia anquetilia were compared with standard diclofenac(10 mg/kg) which showed 74.18%protection in in-vitro hRBC membrane stabilization test and 71.64%inhibition in in-vivo carrangeenan-induced rat paw edema model. The ME showed a dose dependent significant(Phuman red blood cell membrane stabilization test and reduction of edema in carrageenan induced rat paw ***:The present investigation has confirmed the anti-inflammatory activity of Skimmia anquetilia due to presence of bioactive phytoconstitutes for the first lime and provide the pharmacological evidence in favor of traditional claim of Skimmia anquetilia as an antiinflammatory agent.

关键词： Skimmia anquetilia Anti-inflammatory Carrageenan Diclofenac Leaf extract Phytochemical analysis

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Impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease on COVID-19 hospitalizations:A propensity-matched analysis of the United States

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第1期13卷 51-60页

作者： Abdullah Sohail hassam Ali Pratik Patel Subanandhini Subramanium Dushyant Singh Dahiya Amir h Sohail Manesh Kumar Gangwani Sanjaya K Satapathy Department of Internal Medicine University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of MedicineIowaIA 52242United States Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology East Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Gastroenterology Mather Hospital/Hofstra University Zucker School of MedicineNY11777United States Department of Internal Medicine East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States Department of Surgery University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Department of Internal Medicine The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States Section on Gastroenterology and hepatology North Shore University Hospital and Long Island Jewish Medical CenterManhassetNY 11030United States

BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),formally known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,is the most common chronic liver disease in the United *** with MASLD have been reported to be at a higher risk of developing severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and ***,most studies are single-center studies,and nationwide data in the AIM To study the influence of MASLD on COVID-19 hospitalizations during the initial phase of the *** We retrospectively analyzed the 2020 National Inpatient Sample(NIS)database to identify primary COVID-19 hospitalizations based on an underlying diagnosis of MASLD.A matched comparison cohort of COVID-19 hospit-alizations without MASLD was identified from NIS after 1:N propensity score matching based on gender,race,and comorbidities,including hypertension,heart failure,diabetes,and *** primary outcomes included inpatient mortality,length of stay,and hospitalization *** outcomes included the prevalence of systemic *** A total of 2210 hospitalizations with MASLD were matched to 2210 hospitalizations without MASLD,with a good comorbidity ***,there was a higher prevalence of severe disease with more intensive care unit admissions(9.5%vs 7.2%,P=0.007),mechanical ventilation(7.2%vs 5.7%,P=0.03),and septic shock(5.2%vs 2.7%,Phe MASLD cohort than in the non-MASLD ***,there was no difference in mortality(8.6%vs 10%,P=0.49),length of stay(5 d vs 5 d,P=0.25),and hospitalization costs(42081.5$vs 38614$,P=0.15)between the MASLD and non-MASLD *** The presence of MAFLD with or without liver cirrhosis was not associated with increased mortality in COVID-19 hospitalizations;however,there was an increased incidence of severe COVID-19 *** data(2020)predates the availability of COVID-19 vaccines,and many MASLD patients have since been *** will be interesting to see if these trends are

关键词： COVID-19 Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Prevalence hospital charges Inpatient resource utilization

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Creatine supplementation in trained rats causes changes in myenteric neurons and intestinal wall morphometry

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BIOCELL 2013年第2期37卷 37-43页

作者： SOLANGE MARTA FRANZOI DE MORAES ThAIS ANDRÉia BROGIO JACQUELINE NELISIS ZANONI MARiaNA CRISTINA VICENTE UMADA ZAPATER SIDNEY BARNABÉPERES LUZMARINA hERNANDES Universidade Estadual de Maringá Avenida Colombo 5790Bloco H79sala 108 MaringáParanáBrazil87020900

Creatine is widely used by athletes as an ergogenic *** aim of this study was to evaluate the infl uence of creatine supplementation on the duodenum of rats submitted to physical *** number and myenteric neuronal cell bodies as well mucosal and muscular tunic morphometry were *** animals received a standard chow for 8 weeks,and the treated ones received the standard chow for 4 weeks and were later fed with the same chow but added with 2%*** were divided in groups:sedentary,sedentary supplemented with creatine,trained and trained supplemented with *** training consisted in treadmill running for 8 *** samples were either processed for whole mount preparations or for paraffi n embedding and hematoxylin-eosin staining for histological and morphometric studies of the mucosa,the muscular tunic and myenteric *** was observed that neither creatine nor physical training alone promoted alterations in muscular tunic thickness,villus height or crypts depth,however,a reduction in these parameters was observed when both were *** number of myenteric neurons was unchanged,but the neuronal cell body area was reduced in trained animals but not when training and creatine was associated,suggesting a neuroprotector role of this substance.

关键词： nutritional supplementation duodenum exercise

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Correlation of zeros of automorphic L-functions

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Science China Mathematics 2008年第7期51卷 1147-1166页

作者： LIU JianYa1 & YE YangBo1,2 1 School of Mathematics,Shandong University,Jinan 250100, China 2Department of Mathematics,The University of Iowa,Iowa City,ia 52242-1419,USA School of Mathematics Shandong University Jinan China Department of Mathematics The University of Iowa Iowa City USA

We compute the n-level correlation of normalized nontrivial zeros of a product of Lfunctions: L(s, π1) … L(s, π k ), where πj, j = 1, …, k, are automorphic cuspidal representations of GL mj (?A). here the sizes of the groups GL mj (?A) are not necessarily the same. When these L(s, π j ) are distinct, we prove that their nontrivial zeros are uncorrelated, as predicted by random matrix theory and verified numerically. When L(s, π j ) are not necessarily distinct, our results will lead to a proof that the n-level correlation of normalized nontrivial zeros of the product L-function follows the superposition of Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE) models of individual L-functions and products of lower rank GUEs. The results are unconditional when m 1, …, m k ? 4, but are under hypothesis h in other cases.

关键词： automorphic L-function zero correlation Selberg’s orthogonality conjecture 11F70 11M26 11M41

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爆振加固法中的水力劈裂及作用范围研究

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岩土工程学报 2018年第S2期40卷 53-57页

作者：林澍闫澍旺贾沼霖天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室天津大学建筑工程学院华电重工股份有限公司博士后科研工作站

爆振加固法是一种高效、经济的地基加固方式,其炸药量的选择和药包布置间距的确定对爆振加固的作用效果起决定作用。由于现有的爆振加固计算方法较为繁琐,根据经典爆炸理论、Mohr-Coulomb准则和土体强度参数,从水力劈裂角度提出更便于... 详细信息

爆振加固法是一种高效、经济的地基加固方式,其炸药量的选择和药包布置间距的确定对爆振加固的作用效果起决定作用。由于现有的爆振加固计算方法较为繁琐,根据经典爆炸理论、Mohr-Coulomb准则和土体强度参数,从水力劈裂角度提出更便于工程应用的爆振作用范围确定方法,研究了炸药量和土体参数对爆振作用范围的影响,并与试验结果进行了对比,两者对应较好。研究结果表明,在炸药量一定的情况下,药包埋置深度h越大,则土体围压作用越大,爆振作用范围越小;土体强度参数c、φ越大,则土体强度越高,爆振作用范围越小。最后,对爆振加固方法在使用过程中的药量选择及药包布置间距的确定给出了一定的工程建议。

关键词：地基加固爆振水力劈裂作用范围

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Oral administration of S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine prevents the onset of non alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第12期12卷 1905-1911页

作者： Claudia PMS de Oliveira Fernanda I Simplicio Vicencia MR de Lima Katia Yuahasi Fabio P Lopasso Venancio AF Alves Dulcinéia SP Abdalla Flair J Carrilho Francisco RM Laurindo Marcelo G de Oliveira University of Sāo Paulo School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology Saoo Paulo SP Brazil School of Medicine Department of Pathology Sāo Paulo SP Brazil University of So Paulo Medical School Heart Institute InCor Sāo Paulo SP Brazil University of Sāo Paulo School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Sao Paulo SP Brazil State University of CamDinas. Chemistry Department. Campinas. SE Brazil

AIM： To evaluate the potential of S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine （SNAC） in inhibition of lipid peroxidation and the effect of oral SNAC administration in the prevention of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） in an animal model.METhODS： NAFLD was induced in Wistar male rats by choline-deficient diet for 4 wk. SNAC-treated animals （n=6）（1.4 mg/kg/day of SNAC, orally） were compared to 2 control groups： one （n=6） received PBS solution and the other （n=6） received NAC solution （7 mg/kg/d）. histological variables were semiquantitated with respect to macro and microvacuolar fat changes, its zonal distribution, foci of necrosis, portal and perivenular fibrosis, and inflammatory infiltrate with zonal distribution. LOOhs from samples of liver homogenates were quantified by hPLC. Nitrate levels in plasma of portal vein were assessed by chemiluminescence. Aqueous low-density lipoprotein （LDL） suspensions （200 pg protein/mL） were incubated with CuCl2 （300 μmol/L） in the absence and presence of SNAC （300 μmol/L） for 15 h at 37 ℃ Extent of LDL oxidation was assessed by fluorimetry. Linoleic acid （LA）（18.8 μmol/L） oxidation was induced by soybean lipoxygenase （SLO）（0.056 μmol/L） at 37 ℃ in the presence and absence of N-acetylcysteine （NAC） and SNAC （56 and 560 pmol/L） and monitored at 234 nm. RESULTS： Animals in the control group developed moderate macro and microvesicular fatty changes in periportal area. SNAC-treated animals displayed only discrete histological alterations with absence of fatty changes and did not develop liver steatosis. The absence of NAFLD in the SNAC-treated group was positively correlated with a decrease in the concentration of LOOh in liver homogenate, compared to the control group （0.7±0.2 nmol/mg vs 3.2±0.4 nmol/mg protein, respectively, P〈0.05）, while serum levels of aminotransferases were unaltered. The ability of SNAC in preventing lipid peroxidation was confirmed in in vitro experiments using LA and LDL as model substrates. CONCLUSION： Oral

关键词： Nitric oxide S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine Oxidative stress Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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SOME INITiaL-OBLIQUE DERIVATIVE BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM FOR QUASILINEAR PARABOLIC EQUATIONS WITh UNBOUNDED COEFFICIENTS

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2001年第3期14卷 269-277页

作者： ZOU Benteng (School Of Mathematics Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 15 MLh University Of Iowa, Iowa City, ia 52242-1419, USA) 北京大学北京 100871

In this paper, we consider quasilinear uniformly parabolic equations: Lu = aij (t, x, u)Diju + b(t, x u, Du) - ut = 0, with regular derivative boundary value problems: Bu = u/ v + au = h(t, x). By the help of Leray-sc... 详细信息

关键词： Quasilinear equations cordes derivative boundary condition.

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