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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 333-334页

作者： James f Jiang Narmina K Onder Akhil K Das Department of Urology University of California Irvine Orange CA 92868 USA.

Laser enucleation of the prostate is a proven and effectivesize-independent method for the surgical management of symptomaticbenign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)and is considered as the“goldstandard”by many clinicians.Two major hurdles that stand in theway of this becoming a universally used procedure for BPH are thesteep learning curve associated with mastering the procedure andpossibility of perioperative transient incontinence.Many advances inteaching methodologies have helped tackle the difficulty in learning itand increased the number of urologists utilizing the procedure.As forthe second hurdle,transient incontinence rates postlaser enucleationof the prostate have improved with the advent of newer techniques ofenucleation.castellani et al.1 assesses the incidence of stress,urge,andmixed urinary incontinence following laser enucleation of the prostateby comparing en-bloc and non-en-bloc techniques in a multicenterseries of 5068 men with BPH.

关键词： urinary incontinence transient

Application of novel constrained friction processing method to produce fine grained biomedical Mg-Zn-ca alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 516-529页

作者： Ting Chen Banglong fu Junjun shen Uceu f.H.R.suhuddin Björn Wiese Yuanding Huang Min Wang Jorge f.dos santos Jean Pierre Bergmann Benjamin Klusemann solid state Materials Processing Institute of Material MechanicsHelmholtz-Zentrum HereonMax-Planck-Str.1Geesthacht 21502Germany functional Magnesium Materials Institute of Metallic BiomaterialsHelmholtz-Zentrum HereonMax-Planck-Str.1Geesthacht 21502Germany shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDongchuan Road 800Shanghai 200240China Applied Materials and Manufacturing Energy and Environment DivisionPacific Northwest National LaboratoryPO Box 999RichlandWA 99352USA Production Technology Group Technisiche Universität IlmenauGustav-Kirchhoff-Platz 2Ilmenau 98693Germany Institute for Production Technology and systems Leuphana University of LüneburgUniversitätsallee 1Lüneburg 21335Germany

In order to obtain Mg alloys with fine microstructures and high mechanical performances,a novel friction-based processing method,name as“constrained friction processing(CfP)”,was investigated.Via CfP,defect-free Mg-Zn-ca rods with greatly refined grains and high mechanical properties were produced.Compared to the previous as-cast microstructure,the grain size was reduced from more than 1 mm to around 4μm within 3 s by a single process cycle.The compressive yield strength was increased by 350%while the ultimate compressive strength by 53%.According to the established material flow behaviors by“tracer material”,the plastic material was transported by shear deformation.from the base material to the rod,the material experienced three stages,i.***.deformation by the tool,upward flow with additional tilt,followed by upward transportation.The microstructural evolution was revealed by“stop-action”technique.The microstructural development at regions adjacent to the rod is mainly controlled by twinning,dynamic recrystallization(DRX)as well as particle stimulated nucleation,while that within the rod is related to DRX combined with grain growth.

关键词： Constrained friction processing Magnesium alloys Microstructure Mechanical properties Grain refinement Plastic deformation

sex differences in the risk of retinopathy of prematurity:a systematic review,frequentist and Bayesian meta‑analysis,and meta‑regression

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 340-352页

作者： Tamara M.Hundscheid silvia Gulden Mohamad f.Almutairi františek Bartoš Giacomo cavallaro Eduardo Villamor Division of Neonatology Department of PediatricsMosaKids Children’s HospitalMaastricht University Medical Center(MUMC+)School for Oncology and Reproduction(GROW)Maastricht UniversityP.Debyelaan 25.P.O.Box 58006202 AZ MaastrichtThe Netherlands Neonatal Intensive care Unit Sant’Anna HospitalComoItaly Department of Psychology University of Amsterdam1001 NK AmsterdamThe Netherlands Neonatal Intensive care Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly

Background Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)is generally considered to be more frequent in males than in females.However,it is not known whether sex differences in ROP affect all degrees of the condition,are global and have changed as neonatology has developed.We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies addressing sex differences in the risk of developing ROP.Methods PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase databases were searched.The frequentist,random-effects risk ratio(RR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)were calculated.Bayesian model averaged(BMA)meta-analysis was used to calculate the Bayes factors(Bfs).The Bf10 is the ratio of the probability of the data under the alternative hypothesis(H1)over the probability of the data under the null hypothesis(H0).Results We included 205 studies(867,252 infants).frequentist meta-analysis showed a positive association between male sex and severe ROP(113 studies,RR=1.14,95%CI=1.07–1.22)but no association with any ROP(144 studies,RR=1.00,95%CI=0.96–1.03).BMA showed extreme evidence in favor of H1 for severe ROP(Bf10=71,174)and strong evidence in favor of H0 for any ROP(Bf10=0.05).The association between male sex and severe ROP remained stable over time and was present only in cohorts from countries with a high or high-middle sociodemographic index.Conclusions Our study confirms the presence of a male disadvantage in severe ROP but not in less severe forms of the disease.There are variations in the sex differences in ROP,depending on geographical location and sociodemographic level of the countries.

关键词： Oxidative stress Retinopathy of prematurity sex characteristics

small molecular decoys in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1658-1659页

作者： sho Oasa Valentina L.Kouznetsova Igor f.Tsigelny Lars Terenius Department of Clinical Neuroscience Center for Molecular MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden san Diego supercomputer Center University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Department of Neurosciences University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska University HospitalKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden

Recent progress in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)using antibodies against amyloid sustains amyloid generation as a key process in AD.Amyloid formation starts with two amyloidbeta(Aβ)molecules interacting(dimer formation)followed by an accelerating build-up of socalled protofibrils,which turn into fibrils,which accumulate in the characteristic plaques.

关键词： Alzheimer decoy Aβ

Enhancing high-temperature oxidation resistance(at 1000 °C) of nickel superalloy obtained by laser powder bed fusion via reactive electric spark treatment

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals society of China 2024年

作者： s.K.MUKANOV M.I.PETRZHIK A.E.KUDRYAsHOV E.A.NAUMOVA f.A.BAsKOV P.A.LOGINOV E.A.LEVAsHOV National University of science and Technology MIsIs

The high-temperature oxidation resistance of the nickel superalloy grown by the Laser Powder Bed fusion (LPBf) has been significantly increased as a result of in-situ formation of a thermal barrier layer (α-Al2O3+ caMoO4) during oxidative annealing of surface layers modified by electric spark treatment (EsT). The reactive EsT of the LPBf-built items based on nickel EP741NP alloy was carried out with low-melting Al-12%si， Al-6%ca-0.6%si and Al-7%ca-1%Mn electrodes. It was found that at EsT done by Al-7%ca-1%Mn electrode an intermetallic (β-NiAl + γ’-Ni3Al) 15 microns thick layer reinforced by spherical oxide (caMe)O nanoparticles was formed. formation of that structure increases the wear resistance of LPBf nickel superalloy by 4.5 times. further oxidative annealing at 1000 °C lead to a formation of continuous two-layered coating with an inner layer of α-Al2O3and an outer layer of caMoO4， which together act as an effective barrier preventing the diffusion of oxygen into the volume of the superalloy.

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全容积IVIM直方图分析对乳腺良恶性病变的影响

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中国CT和MRI杂志 2024年第3期22卷 82-85页

作者：李俊蔡小丽吴奇川牟方胜重庆大学附属三峡医院放射科重庆404000

目的探讨全容积测量体素内不相干运动(IVIM)直方图参数对乳腺良恶性病变的诊断价值。方法收集我院2021年2月-2022年10月术前行多模态磁共振检查并获得病理的153例女性共158例肿瘤。利用直方图处理软件得到肿瘤IVIM(D、D*、f)的直方图... 详细信息

目的探讨全容积测量体素内不相干运动(IVIM)直方图参数对乳腺良恶性病变的诊断价值。方法收集我院2021年2月-2022年10月术前行多模态磁共振检查并获得病理的153例女性共158例肿瘤。利用直方图处理软件得到肿瘤IVIM(D、D*、f)的直方图参数。采用两独立样本t检验(正态分布)或Mann-WhitneyU检验(偏态分布)比较乳腺良、恶性病灶的IVIM直方图参数的差异。绘制ROC评价IVIM直方图参数独立和联合鉴别诊断乳腺良、恶性病变的效能,Z检验评价联合诊断ROC下面积(AUC)差异性。单变量及多变量二元logisti回归分析独立影响因素。结果乳腺恶性病变116个,良性病变42个。良、恶性病变D(90th、熵、峰度、均值、中位数、最小值、偏度)、f峰度、D*(90th、熵、峰度、均值、中位数、最大值、偏度)单因素分析有统计学意义。AUC最大为D偏度(0.818);敏感度最高为D熵(0.957);特异度最高为D偏度(0.857);准确度最高为D偏度(0.797)。D直方图联合诊断AUC、敏感度、特异度、准确度分别为0.903、0.948、0.786、0.88;f直方图联合诊断分别为0.604、0.672、0.548、0.73;D*直方图联合诊断为0.833、0.897、0.619、0.823;IVIM直方图联合诊断为0.953、0.982、0.833、0.924;IVIM直方图联合诊断AUC面积最大,与D值、f值、D*直方图分别联合诊断AUC差异有统计学意义。D熵(OR=2.943;P=0.037)及D中位数(OR=0.984;P=0.029)为乳腺恶性病变独立影响因素。结论乳腺磁共振IVIM直方图参数联合能显著提高判断乳腺良恶性病变诊断效能,D熵及D中位数为乳腺恶性病变独立影响因素。

关键词：乳腺病变体素内不相干运动成像联合诊断影响因素

sARs-CoV-2 variants are associated with different clinical courses in children with MIs-C

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 143-152页

作者： Andres f.Moreno Rojas Emelia Bainto Helen Harvey Adriana H.Tremoulet Jane C.Burns Kirsten B.Dummer Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric CardiologyUniversity of California San Diegoand Rady Children’s Hospital3020 Children’s Way MC 5004San DiegoCA 92123USA Kawasaki Disease Research Center La JollaCAUSA Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Critical CareUniversity of California San Diegoand Rady Children’s HospitalSan DiegoCAUSA Department of Pediatrics University of California San Diegoand Rady Children’s HospitalSan DiegoCAUSA

Background Recent infection with sARs‑CoV-2 in children has been associated with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children(MIs-C).sARs‑CoV-2 has undergone different mutations.few publications exist about specific variants and their correlation with the severity of MIs-C.Methods This was a single-center,retrospective study including all patients admitted with MIs-C at Rady Children’s Hospital-san Diego between May 2020 and March 2022.Local epidemiologic data,including viral genomic information,were obtained from public records.Demographics,clinical presentation,laboratory values,and outcomes were obtained from electronic medical records.Results The analysis included 104 pediatric patients.four MIs-C waves were identified.Circulating variants in san Diego during the first wave included clades 20A to C.During the second wave,there were variants from clades 20A to C,20G,21C(Epsilon),20I(Alpha),and 20J(Gamma).The third wave had Delta strains(clades 21A,21I,and 21J),and the fourth had Omicron variants(clades 21K,21L,and 22C).MIs-C presented with similar symptoms and laboratory findings across all waves.More patients were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU)(74%)and required inotropic support(63%)during the second wave.None of the patients required mechanical circulatory support,and only two required invasive ventilatory support.There was no mortality.Conclusions The various strains of sARs-CoV-2 triggered MIs-C with differing severities,with the second wave having a more severe clinical course.Whether the differences in disease severity across variants were due to changes in the virus or other factors remains unknown.

关键词： Complications COVID-19 MIs-C sARs-CoV-2 variants

Promotion of structural plasticity in area V2 of visual cortex prevents against object recognition memory deficits in aging and Alzheimer's disease rodents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1835-1841页

作者： Irene Navarro-Lobato Mariam Masmudi-Martín Manuel f.López-Aranda Juan f.López-Téllez Gloria Delgado Pablo Granados-Durán Celia Gaona-Romero Marta carretero-Rey sinforiano Posadas María E.Quiros-Ortega Zafar U.Khan Laboratory of Neurobiology Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias(CIMES)University of MalagaMalagaSpain Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalagaMalagaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CIBERNED) Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain the Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands the Brain Metastasis Group National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)MadridSpain the Department of Neurobiology University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA

Memory deficit,which is often associated with aging and many psychiatric,neurological,and neurodegenerative diseases,has been a challenging issue for treatment.Up till now,all potential drug candidates have failed to produce satisfa ctory effects.Therefore,in the search for a solution,we found that a treatment with the gene corresponding to the RGs14414protein in visual area V2,a brain area connected with brain circuits of the ventral stream and the medial temporal lobe,which is crucial for object recognition memory(ORM),can induce enhancement of ORM.In this study,we demonstrated that the same treatment with RGs14414in visual area V2,which is relatively unaffected in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s disease,produced longlasting enhancement of ORM in young animals and prevent ORM deficits in rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s disease.furthermore,we found that the prevention of memory deficits was mediated through the upregulation of neuronal arbo rization and spine density,as well as an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNf).A knockdown of BDNf gene in RGs14414-treated aging rats and Alzheimer s disease model mice caused complete loss in the upregulation of neuronal structural plasticity and in the prevention of ORM deficits.These findings suggest that BDNf-mediated neuronal structural plasticity in area V2 is crucial in the prevention of memory deficits in RGs14414-treated rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s disease.Therefore,our findings of RGs14414gene-mediated activation of neuronal circuits in visual area V2 have therapeutic relevance in the treatment of memory deficits.

关键词： behavioral performance brain-derived neurotrophic factor cognitive dysfunction episodic memory memory circuit activation memory deficits memory enhancement object recognition memory prevention of memory loss regulator of G protein signaling

Applying Earth Observation Technologies to Economic Consequence Modeling:A case study of COVID‑19 in Los Angeles County,california

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2024年第1期15卷 18-31页

作者： fynnwin Prager Marina T.Mendoza Charles K.Huyck Adam Rose Paul Amyx Gregory Yetman Kristy f.Tiampo california state University Dominguez HillsCarsonCA 90747USA Imagecat Inc.Long BeachCA 90802USA University of southern california Los AngelesCA 90015USA CIEsIN–Center for International Earth science Information Network Columbia UniversityPalisadesNY 10964USA Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental sciences(CIREs) University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA

Earth observation(EO) technologies,such as very high-resolution optical satellite data available from Maxar,can enhance economic consequence modeling of disasters by capturing the fine-grained and real-time behavioral responses of businesses and the public.We investigated this unique approach to economic consequence modeling to determine whether crowd-sourced interpretations of EO data can be used to illuminate key economic behavioral responses that could be used for computable general equilibrium modeling of supply chain repercussions and resilience effects.We applied our methodology to the COVID-19 pandemic experience in Los Angeles County,california as a case study.We also proposed a dynamic adjustment approach to account for the changing character of EO through longer-term disasters in the economic modeling context.We found that despite limitations,EO data can increase sectoral and temporal resolution,which leads to significant differences from other data sources in terms of direct and total impact results.The findings from this analytical approach have important implications for economic consequence modeling of disasters,as well as providing useful information to policymakers and emergency managers,whose goal is to reduce disaster costs and to improve economic resilience.

关键词： Computable general equilibrium models COVID-19 Disaster economic impacts Earth observation Economic consequence analysis Los Angeles County

Novel sustainable Cellulose Acetate Based Biosensor for Glucose Detection

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第2期12卷 369-380页

作者： M.f.Elkady E.M.El-sayed Mahmoud samy Omneya A.Koriem H.shokry Hassan Chemical and Petrochemical Engineering Department Egypt-Japan University of Science and TechnologyNew Borg El-ArabAlexandriaEgypt fabrication Technology Research Department Advanced Technology and New Materials Research InstituteCity of Scientific Research and Technological Applications(SRTA-City)New Borg El-ArabAlexandria21934Egypt Department of Public Works Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Environmental Engineering Department Egypt-Japan University of Science and TechnologyNew Borg El-ArabAlexandriaEgypt Electronic Materials Research Department Advanced Technology and NewMaterials Research InstituteCity of Scientific Research and Technological Applications(SRTA-City)New Borg El-ArabAlexandria21934Egypt

In this study,green zinc oxide(ZnO)/polypyrrole(Ppy)/cellulose acetate(ca)film has been synthesized via solvent casting.This film was used as supporting material for glucose oxidase(GOx)to sensitize a glucose biosensor.ZnO nanoparticles have been prepared via the green route using olive leaves extract as a reductant.ZnO/Ppy nanocomposite has been synthesized by a simple in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole(Py)monomer using ferric chloride(feCl3)as an oxidizing agent.The produced materials and the composite films were characterized using X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD),scanning electron microscope(sEM),fourier transform infrared(fTIR)and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA).Glucose oxidase was successfully immobilized on the surface of the prepared film and then ZnO/Ppy/ca/GOx composite was sputtered with platinum electrode for the current determination at different initial concentrations of glucose.Current measurements proved the suitability and the high sensitivity of the constructed biosensor for the detection of glucose levels in different samples.The performance of the prepared biosensor has been assessed by measuring and comparing glucose concentrations up to 800 ppm.The results affirmed the reliability of the developed biosensor towards real samples which suggests the wide-scale application of the proposed biosensor.

关键词： Biosensors composite films glucose polypyrrole green ZnO cellulose acetate