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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2014年第9期34卷 1-2页

作者：何晓芳陈建康 Carlos Gonzalez William boyer

几乎所有的孵化场都使用喷雾接种法来接种多种疫苗,然而由于孵化场内的条件不太理想,疫苗的效力往往不尽如人意。新型疫苗、新设备技术和专业的服务,三者的联合可以成功地提高喷雾接种的疫苗效力。

关键词：疫苗免疫效果疫苗接种新型疫苗接种法球虫疫苗免疫方法传染性支气管炎免疫鸡群免疫细胞自

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骨科教程尺侧腕部疼痛诊断及治疗

骨科动态 2005年第1期1卷 23-32页

作者： ALEXANDERY.SHIN MARKA.DEITCH KAVISACHAR MARTINI.boyer 钱不凡 AnInstructionalCourse AmericanAcademyofOrthopaedicSurgeons 不详

尺侧腕部疼痛发病隐匿、慢性、症状不清并呈间断性发作，会使患者性情受挫，其重要性可与下腰痛相提并论。慢性尺侧腕部疼痛为一种严重的不易解决的疼痛，患者常有劳动补偿要求等问题存在，而常造成难与相处的性格。除此之外，许多慢性... 详细信息

尺侧腕部疼痛发病隐匿、慢性、症状不清并呈间断性发作，会使患者性情受挫，其重要性可与下腰痛相提并论。慢性尺侧腕部疼痛为一种严重的不易解决的疼痛，患者常有劳动补偿要求等问题存在，而常造成难与相处的性格。除此之外，许多慢性尺侧腕部疼痛者多确实存在病理性病灶．而需手术治疗。

关键词：骨科教程尺侧腕部疼痛诊断治疗医学教育

对阿巴拉契亚地区C_3和C_4牧草土壤水分消耗分析

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水土保持科技情报 1996年第1期14卷 22-24页

作者： C.M.Feldhake D.G.boyer 党梅科

改变植被类型不仅可使土壤水分利用方式发生变化，而且还能改变一个区域的水分平衡。本项研究旨在确定不同丘陵地牧场的Ｃ３和Ｃ４牧草对土壤水量的影响，在中部的阿巴拉契亚地区，分别在海拔９２０ｍ和６１５ｍ处进行了土壤水分变化的... 详细信息

改变植被类型不仅可使土壤水分利用方式发生变化，而且还能改变一个区域的水分平衡。本项研究旨在确定不同丘陵地牧场的Ｃ３和Ｃ４牧草对土壤水量的影响，在中部的阿巴拉契亚地区，分别在海拔９２０ｍ和６１５ｍ处进行了土壤水分变化的监测。试验小区播种了鸡脚草（Ｃ３）和柳枝稷及狗牙根（Ｃ４）三种牧草，在９２０ｍ处，鸡脚草的土壤水分消耗量比柳枝稷或狗牙根（Ｃ４）三种牧草，在９２０ｍ处。

关键词：牧草土壤水分消耗阿巴拉契亚地区

National trends in alcohol and substance use among adolescents from 2005 to 2021:a Korean serial cross‑sectional study of one million adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第11期19卷 1071-1081页

作者： Sangil Park Hyunju Yon Chae Yeon Ban Hyoin Shin Seounghyun Eum Seung Won Lee Youn Ho Shin Jung UShin Ai Koyanagi Louis Jacob Lee Smith Chanyang Min AbdullahÖzgür Yeniova So Young Kim Jinseok Lee Vlasta Hadalin Rosie Kwon Min Ji Koo Guillaume Fond Laurent boyer Sunyoung Kim Jong Woo Hahn Namwoo Kim Eléa Lefkir Victoire Bondeville Sang Youl Rhee Jae Il Shin Dong Keon Yon Ho Geol Woo Department of Neurology Kyung Hee University Medical Center23 Kyungheedae‑roDongdaemun‑guSeoul 02447South Korea Department of Medicine Kyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Department of Precision Medicine Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Pediatrics CHA Gangnam Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Department of Dermatology CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeongnamSouth Korea Research and Development Unit Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de DeuCIBERSAMISCIIIBarcelonaSpain Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies(ICREA) Pg.Lluis CompanysBarcelonaSpain Faculty of Medicine University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-YvelinesMontigny‑le‑BretonneuxFrance Centre for Health Performance and WellbeingAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridgeUK Center for Digital Health Medical Science Research InstituteKyung Hee University Medical CenterKyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineTokat Gaziosmanpaşa UniversityTokatTurkey Department of Otorhinolaryngology‑Head&Neck Surgery CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeongnamSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering Kyung Hee UniversityYonginSouth Korea Faculty of Medicine University of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Human Biology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada AP-HM Aix-Marseille UniversityCEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life CenterMarseilleFrance FondaMental Foundation CreteilFrance Department of Family Medicine Kyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Department of Pediatrics Seoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamSouth Korea Department of Neuropsychiatry Seoul National University HospitalSeoulSouth Korea Faculty of Medicine University of Rennes 1RennesFrance Department

Background Although previous studies have provided data on early pandemic periods of alcohol and substance use in adolescents,more adequate studies are needed to predict the trends of alcohol and substance use during recent periods,including the mid-pandemic *** study investigated the changes in alcohol and substance use,except tobacco use,throughout the pre-,early-,and mid-pandemic periods in adolescents using a nationwide serial cross-sectional survey from South *** Data on 1,109,776 Korean adolescents aged 13–18 years from 2005 to 2021 were obtained in a survey operated by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention *** evaluated adolescents’alcohol and substance consumption prevalence and compared the slope of alcohol and substance prevalence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic to see the trend *** define the pre-COVID-19 period as consisting of four groups of consecutive years(2005–2008,2009–2012,2013–2015,and 2016–2019).The COVID-19 pandemic period is composed of 2020(early-pandemic era)and 2021(midpandemic era).Results More than a million adolescents successfully met the inclusion *** weighted prevalence of current alcohol use was 26.8%[95%confidence interval(CI)26.4–27.1]from 2005 to 2008 and 10.5%(95%CI 10.1–11.0)in 2020 and *** weighted prevalence of substance use was 1.1%(95%CI 1.1–1.2)from 2005 to 2008 and 0.7%(95%CI 0.6–0.7)between 2020 and *** 2005 to 2021,the overall trend of use of both alcohol and drugs was found to decrease,but the decline has slowed since COVID-19 epidemic(current alcohol use:βdiff 0.167;95%CI 0.150–0.184;substance use:βdiff 0.152;95%CI 0.110–0.194).The changes in the slope of current alcohol and substance use showed a consistent slowdown with regard to sex,grade,residence area,and smoking status from 2005 to *** The overall prevalence of alcohol consumption and substance use among over one million Korean adolescents from the early and mid-stage(2020–2021)of the COVID

关键词： Alcohol Adolescent Corona virus disease 2019 South Korea Substance use

New Record Ocean Temperatures and Related Climate Indicators in 2023

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1068-1082页

作者： Lijing CHENG John ABRAHAM Kevin E.TRENBERTH Tim boyer Michael EMANN Jiang ZHU Fan WANG Fujiang YU Ricardo LOCARNINI John FASULLO Fei ZHENG Yuanlong LI Bin ZHANG Liying WAN Xingrong CHEN Dakui WANG Licheng FENG Xiangzhou SONG Yulong LIU Franco RESEGHETTI Simona SIMONCELLI Viktor GOURETSKI Gengxin CHEN Alexey MISHONOV Jim REAGAN Karina VON SCHUCKMANN Yuying PAN Zhetao TAN Yujing ZHU Wangxu WEI Guancheng LI Qiuping REN Lijuan CAO Yayang LU International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of St.Thomas School of EngineeringMinnesota 55105USA NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderColorado 80307USA University of Auckland Auckland 1010New Zealand National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Centers for Environmental InformationSilver SpringMaryland 20910USA Department of Earth and Environmental Science University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania 19104USA Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Ministry of Natural Resources of ChinaBeijing 100081China Oceanographic Data Center Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China College of Oceanography Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China National Marine Data and Information Service Tianjin 300171China Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic DevelopmentS.Teresa Research CenterLerici 19032Italy Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sede di BolognaBologna 40128Italy South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China ESSIC/CISESS-MD University of MarylandCollege ParkMD20740USA Mercator Ocean International Toulouse 31400France Eco-Environmental Monitoring and Research Center Pearl River Valley and South China Sea Ecology and Environment AdministrationMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentPRCGuangzhou 510611China National Meteorological Information Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals Beijing 100094China

The global physical and biogeochemical environment has been substantially altered in response to increased atmospheric greenhouse gases from human *** 2023,the sea surface temperature(SST)and upper 2000 m ocean heat content(OHC)reached record *** 0–2000 m OHC in 2023 exceeded that of 2022 by 15±10 ZJ(1 Zetta Joules=1021 Joules)(updated IAP/CAS data);9±5 ZJ(NCEI/NOAA data).The Tropical Atlantic Ocean,the Mediterranean Sea,and southern oceans recorded their highest OHC observed since the *** with the onset of a strong El Niño,the global SST reached its record high in 2023 with an annual mean of~0.23℃ higher than 2022 and an astounding>0.3℃ above 2022 values for the second half of *** density stratification and spatial temperature inhomogeneity indexes reached their highest values in 2023.

关键词： ocean heat content salinity stratification global warming climate

远侧脾-肾分流术与经颈静脉肝内门体分流术治疗静脉曲张破裂出血:一项随机研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第10期2卷 29-30页

作者： Henderson J.M. boyer T.D. Kutner M.H. 纪泛扑 Department of Surgery Cleveland ClinicClevelandOHUnited States

Background &Aims: Variceal bleeding refractory to medical treatment with β-blockers and endoscopic therapy can be managed by variceal decompression with either surgical shunts or transjugular intrahepatic portal systemic shunts (TIPS). This prospective randomized trial tested the hypothesis that patients receiving distal splenorenal shunts (DSRS) would have significantly lower rebleeding and encephalopathy rates than TIPS in management of refractory variceal bleeding. Methods: A prospective randomized controlled clinical trial at 5 centers was conducted. One hundred forty patients with Child-Pugh class A and B cirrhosis and refractory variceal bleeding were randomized to DSRS or TIPS. Protocol and event follow-up for 2-8 years (mean, 46 ±26 months) for primary end points of variceal bleeding and encephalopathy and secondary end points of death, ascites, thrombosis and stenosis, liver function, need for transplant, quality of life, and cost were evaluated. Results: There was no significant difference in rebleeding (DSRS, 5.5%; TIPS, 10.5%; P = .29) or first encephalopathy event (DSRS, 50%; TIPS, 50%). Survival at 2 and 5 years (DSRS, 81%and 62%; TIPS, 88%and 61%, respectively) were not significantly different (P = .87). Thrombosis, stenosis, and reintervention rates (DSRS, 11%; TIPS, 82%) were significantly (P < .001) higher in the TIPS group. Ascites, need for transplant, quality of life, and costs were not significantly different. Conclusions: DSRS and TIPS are similarly efficacious in the control of refractory variceal bleeding in Child-Pugh class A and B patients. Reintervention is significantly greater for TIPS compared with DSRS. Because both procedures have equivalent outcomes, the choice is dependent on available expertise and ability to monitor the shunt and reintervene when needed.

关键词：静脉曲张破裂分流术经颈静脉肝内门 TIPS 随机研究肝移植 β-阻滞剂肝性脑病次要终点血

孵化场喷雾接种禽传染性支气管炎疫苗注意事项

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2021年第6期41卷 65-66页

作者： William boyer Marco Aurélio Elmer Lopes 林子怡(译) 王晶晶(审) 不详

禽传染性支气管炎具有高度传染性,是全球第二大家禽疾病。目前该病的防控主要是在孵化场对1日龄雏鸡喷雾接种禽传染性支气管炎疫苗。本文总结了影响喷雾接种禽传染性支气管炎疫苗的几个关键因素,包括覆盖率、雾滴大小的均匀度、雏鸡分... 详细信息

禽传染性支气管炎具有高度传染性,是全球第二大家禽疾病。目前该病的防控主要是在孵化场对1日龄雏鸡喷雾接种禽传染性支气管炎疫苗。本文总结了影响喷雾接种禽传染性支气管炎疫苗的几个关键因素,包括覆盖率、雾滴大小的均匀度、雏鸡分布和疫苗量控制,从而保证良好的接种质量。

关键词：禽传染性支气管炎喷雾接种喷雾器

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基础学校一个学习化的社区大家庭

丛书名：发达国家教育改革的动向和趋势

1998年

作者：（美）厄内斯特·波伊尔（E.L.boyer）王晓平等译校

来源：汇雅图书（南通市图书馆... 评论

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阿柏西普治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿患者的临床研究

中国临床药理学杂志 2024年第9期40卷 1335-1335页

作者： BROWN D M boyer D S DO D V 孟海峰

本研究为一项随机、双盲、非劣效性的Ⅱ/Ⅲ期临床试验。研究对象为患有1型或2型糖尿病,并伴有中心累及糖尿病黄斑水肿(DMO)成年患者。在最初的每月给药后,患者按照1:2:1的比例随机分为试验1组(玻璃体内注射2mg,每8周1次)、试验2组(玻璃... 详细信息

本研究为一项随机、双盲、非劣效性的Ⅱ/Ⅲ期临床试验。研究对象为患有1型或2型糖尿病,并伴有中心累及糖尿病黄斑水肿(DMO)成年患者。在最初的每月给药后,患者按照1:2:1的比例随机分为试验1组(玻璃体内注射2mg,每8周1次)、试验2组(玻璃体内注射8mg每12周1次)和试验3组(玻璃体内注射8mg每16周1次)。

关键词：玻璃体内注射 Ⅲ期临床试验糖尿病黄斑水肿阿柏西普成年患者 2型糖尿病非劣效性双盲

美国1961～2000年氮使用量的变化及未来趋势预测

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AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2002年第2期31卷 88-96页

作者： Robert W.Howarth Elizabeth W.boyer Wendy J.Pabich James N.Galloway 闵庆文康奈尔大学纽约州立大学美国弗吉尼亚大学

从1961～1997年,因人类活动而输入到美国的氮翻了一番,特别是在上个世纪60年代和70年代,其增长量最大。尽管无机氮肥的使用量增长最大,但矿物燃料燃烧所造成的NO_x排放,也有明显的增加。1961年,美国农业生产系统中的生物固氮量是活性氮... 详细信息

从1961～1997年,因人类活动而输入到美国的氮翻了一番,特别是在上个世纪60年代和70年代,其增长量最大。尽管无机氮肥的使用量增长最大,但矿物燃料燃烧所造成的NO_x排放,也有明显的增加。1961年,美国农业生产系统中的生物固氮量是活性氮的最大来源;到了1997年,尽管生物固氮量也有增加,但相比而言,无机氮肥的使用和NO_x的排放增加得更快,成为两个最大的氮源。1961～1997年,在输入到美国的活性氮中,有2/3发生了脱氮反应或者是被贮存在土壤与生物群落之中,有1/3输出到境外。在输出到境外的这部分氮中,通过河流流到海洋中的分量最大,其次是通过粮食和饲料出口而到其它国家以及通过大气平流传输到了海洋中。动物性蛋白的消费是美国农业系统中氮使用的主要驱动因子,如果饮食方式或农业生产方式不发生改变,在来来30年的时间里,美国肥料的使用量将继续增长,流向海洋中的氮通量将可能再增长30%,但也有可能出现下降。

关键词：美国氮使用量变化趋势预测活性氮输入输出氮循环