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Impact shock frequency components and attenuation in rearfoot and forefoot running

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2014年第2期3卷 113-121,153+157页

作者： Allison H.Gruber Katherine a.boyer Timothy R.Derrick Joseph Hamill Biomechanics Laboratory University of Massachusetts Amherst Biomechanics Laboratory Iowa State University

Background:The forefoot running footfall pattern has been suggested to reduce the risk of developing running related overuse injuries due to a reduction of impact related variables compared with the rearfoot running footfall ***,only time-domain impact variables have been compared between footfall *** frequency content of the impact shock and the degree to which it is attenuated may be of greater importance for injury risk and prevention than time-domain ***,the purpose of this study was to determine the differences in head and tibial acceleration signal power and shock attenuation between rearfoot and forefoot ***:Nineteen habitual rearfoot runners and 19 habitual forefoot runners ran on a treadmill at 3.5 m/s using their preferred footfall patterns while tibial and head acceleration data were *** magnitude of the first and second head acceleration peaks,and peak positive tibial acceleration were *** power spectral density of each signal was calculated to transform the head and tibial accelerations in the frequency *** attenuation was calculated by a transfer function of the head signal relative to the ***:Peak positive tibial acceleration and signal power in the lower and higher ranges were significantly greater during rearfoot than forefoot running(/> 0.05).Rearfoot running resulted in significantly greater shock attenuation for the lower and higher frequency ranges as a result of greater tibial acceleration(p < 0.05).Conclusion:The difference in impact shock frequency content between footfall patterns suggests that the primary mechanisms for attenuation may *** relationship between shock attenuation mechanisms and injury is not clear but given the differences in impact frequency content,neither footfall pattern may be more benefi

关键词： Frequency domain Impact shock Running footfall patterns Shock attenuation Tibial acceleration

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社区获得性肠杆菌肺炎的临床对比研究

社区获得性肠杆菌肺炎的临床对比研究

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2005急诊医学学术研讨会暨《中华急诊医学杂志》第四届组稿会

作者：马渝 a.boyer Y.CASTAING 重庆急救中心法国波尔多大学医院内科复苏病房

社区获得性肺炎(即普通肺炎)是一种常见的肺部疾病,大量的临床研究证实,其中重症肺炎的死亡率可达20%-40%。而对于革兰氏阴性杆菌感染引起的肺炎,临床发病率较低,文献报告仅占社区获得性肺炎的11.7%,但死亡率却高达50-81%。在许多的相...

社区获得性肺炎(即普通肺炎)是一种常见的肺部疾病,大量的临床研究证实,其中重症肺炎的死亡率可达20%-40%。而对于革兰氏阴性杆菌感染引起的肺炎,临床发病率较低,文献报告仅占社区获得性肺炎的11.7%,但死亡率却高达50-81%。在许多的相关文献中,有关肠杆菌的社区获得性肺炎的报告甚少,早期的临床研究报告了其感染率仅占革兰阴性杆菌感染的3.7-8%。关于肠杆菌所致

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社区获得性肠杆菌肺炎与普通肺炎的比较

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中华急诊医学杂志 2005年第10期14卷 839-842页

作者：马渝 a.boyer Y.CASTAING 重庆急救中心ICU 重庆400014 法国波尔多大学医院内科ICU

目的通过对社区获得性肠杆菌肺炎与普通肺炎的临床对比研究,探讨社区获得性肠杆菌肺炎新的流行病学变化趋势及其特点。方法10例社区获得性肠杆菌肺炎与20例社区获得性普通肺炎进行配对研究,回顾性分析其临床特点、易患因素、病原学检查... 详细信息

目的通过对社区获得性肠杆菌肺炎与普通肺炎的临床对比研究,探讨社区获得性肠杆菌肺炎新的流行病学变化趋势及其特点。方法10例社区获得性肠杆菌肺炎与20例社区获得性普通肺炎进行配对研究,回顾性分析其临床特点、易患因素、病原学检查特点以及抗生素治疗特点。结果(1)社区获得性肠杆菌肺炎的临床症状、生化检查、胸部X线表现等无特殊性,两组病死率比较差异无显著性。(2)患有基础疾病者易发生社区获得性肠杆菌肺炎。(3)不适合抗生素使用时间的过度延长引起一个复杂的疾病过程,而适合抗生素使用的延迟未引起患者病死率的明显增加。结论(1)对因社区获得性肺炎住ICU的患者,如果具备年老,至少有一种基础疾病存在,有既往住院史,有既往抗菌素使用史等特点,应警惕社区获得性肠杆菌肺炎的可能。(2)对疑诊患者早期病原学检查有助于抗生素的合理的选择。

关键词：社区获得性肠杆菌肺炎普通肺炎抗生素细菌感染流行病学 X线检查

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Improving contrast and sectioning power in confocal imaging by third harmonic generation in SiOx nanocrystallites

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Chinese Optics Letters 2007年第8期5卷 477-479页

作者： Gilbert boyer Karsten Plamann Laboratoire d'Optique Appliqude Ecole Polytechnique-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Techniques A vancdes-CNRS UMR 7639 Centre de l'Yvette chemin de la Hunière 91761 Palaiseau cedex France

We present a new optical microscope in which the light transmitted by a sample-scanned transmission confocal microscope is frequency-tripled by SiOx nanocrystallites in lieu of being transmitted by a confocal pinhole. This imaging technique offers an increased contrast and a high scattered light rejection. It is demonstrated that the contrast close to the Sparrow resolution limit is enhanced and the sectioning power are increased with respect to the linear confocal detection mode. An experimental implementation is presented and compared with the conventional linear confocal mode.

关键词： mode Improving contrast and sectioning power in confocal imaging by third harmonic generation in SiO_x nanocrystallites THG

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Nitrogen further promotes a dominant salt marsh plant in an increasingly saline environment

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第4期5卷 429-441页

作者： Amelia Byrd Ryan Katharyn E.boyer Romberg Tiburon Center for Environmental Studies San Francisco State University3152 Paradise DriveTiburonCA 94920USA Department of Biology San Francisco State University1600 Holloway AvenueSan FranciscoCA 94132 USA

Aims Human alterations of the environment are combining in unprecedented ways,making predictions of alterations to natural communities a difficult and pressing *** systems have been subject to a high degree of modification,including increased nitrogen(N)inputs and altered salinity,factors important in shaping estuarine plant *** human populations increase and the climate changes,both N and salinity levels are likely to increase in these coastal *** objective was to evaluate the interactive effects of N and salinity on USWest Coast salt marsh species;in particular,the performance of the dominant species Sarcocornia pacifica(pickleweed)alone and in mixed species *** expected increased salinity to favor *** but that N enrichment could help maintain greater species richness through use of N in salinity tolerance *** We crossed treatments of N(added or not)and salinity(salt added or not)in a field experiment at a salt marsh in the San Francisco Estuary,California,USA,in each of three habitats:(i)monotypic pickleweed on the marsh plain,(ii)monotypic pickleweed along channels and(iii)mixed assemblages along *** a greenhouse experiment,we crossed treatments of N(added or not)and salinity(at three levels to simulate brackish to saline conditions)in(i)pots of pickleweed only and(ii)the same species mix as in the *** Findings Naddition doubled *** biomass and branching in both channel and marsh plain habitats regardless of salinity and greatly increased its dominance over Distichlis spicata and Jaumea carnosa in mixed assemblages along *** the greenhouse,*** biomass increased 6-to 10-fold with N addition over the range of salinities,while *** and *** biomass increased with N addition only at lower salinity ***,while localized management could influence outcomes,expected overall increases in both N and salinity with human population growth and climat

关键词： Distichlis eutrophication Jaumea salinity Sarcocornia

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Agroecological management of a soil-dwelling orthopteran pest in vineyards

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Insect Science 2018年第3期25卷 475-486页

作者： Jerry Asalma Nboyine Stephane boyer David J. Saville Stephen David Wratten Bio-Protection Research Centre Lincoln University Christchurch New Zealand CSIR Savanna Agriculture Research Institute Tamale Ghana Environmental and Animal Sciences Unitec Institute of Technology Auckland New Zealand Saville Statistical Consulting Limited Lincoln New Zealand

The efficacy of different combinations of undervine and inter-row treatments for managing a soil-dwelling orthopteran pest, weta （Hemiandrus sp.）, in vineyards was investigated over 2 seasons. This insect damages vine buds, thus reducing subsequent grape yield. The undervine treatments comprised pea straw mulch, mussel shells, tick beans [Viciafaba Linn. var minor （Fab）], plastic sleeves on vine trunks （treated control） and control （no intervention）, while inter-rows contained either the existing vegetation or tick beans. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 10 replicates. Data were collected on weta densities, damage to beans and components of yield. The latter were numbers of bud laid down per vine, shoots per bud, clusters per shoot, grape bunches per vine, bunch weight and yield. The undervine treatments significantly affected all variables except the number of shoots per bud. In contrast, none of the variables was significantly affected by the inter-row treatments or their interaction with undervine treatments, apart from weta density. At the end of the experiment, weta density in the shell treatment was about 58% lower than in the control. As a result, there was about 39% significant yield increase in that treatment compared to the control. Although the undervine beans and sleeves treatments increased yield, there were no reductions in weta density. With undervine beans, the insect fed on the bean plants instead of vine buds. Thus, yield in that treatment was approximately 28% higher than in the control. These results demonstrate that simple agroecological management approaches can reduce above-ground damage by soil-dwelling insects.

关键词： cover crops grapevine yield pest management soil-dwelling insects vineyards yield loss

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Description of the immature stages of a rare Andean paramo butterfly Lymanopoda caracara Pyrcz, Willmott & J. Hall, 1999(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

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Zoological Systematics 2019年第4期44卷 316-324页

作者： Pablo Padron Pierre boyer Ariana Velez Tomasz Pyrcz Laboratono de Entomologia de la Universidad del Azuay Cuenca01.01.981Ecuador McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity Florida Museum of Natural HistoryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL USA 7 Lotissement l'Horizon13610 Le Puy Sainte ReparadeFrance Entomology Department Institute of Zoology and Biomedical ResearchJagiellonian Universityul.Gronostajowa 930-387 KrakowPoland Nature Education Centre Jagiellonian Universityul.Gronostajowa 530-387 KrakowPoland

Immature stages of Lymanopoda caracara Pyrcz,Willmott&Hall,an endemic butterfly from the paramo life zone in the Andes of Ecuador,are described and compared with those of *** Adams from *** morphology is illustrated for four *** of head chaetotaxy and setal maps are provided for the first time for the *** host plant is identified as a dwarf bamboo Chusquea villosa(Clark)(Poaceae).Striking individual variation among adults of *** is discussed.

关键词： Caterpillar Neotropic chaetotaxy Satyrinae

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Class switch recombination junctions are not affected by the absence of the immunoglobulin heavy chain E_(μ) enhancer

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第7期16卷 671-673页

作者： Hussein Issaoui Nour Ghazzaui Mélissa Ferrad François boyer Yves Denizot UMR CNRS 7276 INSERM U1262Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018University of LimogesCBRSrue Pr.Descottes87025 LimogesFrance

After encountering antigen,B-cells undergo class switch recombination(CSR)that substitutes the constant(C)μgene with Cγ,Cε,or Cα,thereby generating IgG,IgE,and IgA antibodies with new effector functions but the same antigenic specificity.1 The DNA-editing enzyme activation-induced deaminase(AID)is required for CSR by targeting specific DNA switch(S)regions preceding the C region,except Cδ.2 Sμis the donor region,while Sγ,ε,αare the acceptor *** is controlled in cis by the immunoglobulin heavy chain(IgH)3’regulatory region(3’RR).3 The 3’RR is essential to poise AID on the S acceptor *** CSR IgH,intrachromosomal interactions(schematized in Fig.1a)are found between the 3’RR and the intronic Eμenhancer.1,4 Looping allows transcriptional binding activators to enhancers to facilitate ***,CSR is only modestly influenced by Eμdeletion.5–7 During CSR,two different DNA repair pathways take place:the classical nonhomologous end joining(c-NHEJ)and the alternative end joining(A-EJ)pathways.

关键词： joining thereby generating

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IgH locus suicide recombination does not depend on NHEJ in contrast to CSR in B cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第2期16卷 201-202页

作者： Hend Boutouil François boyer Jeanne Cook-Moreau Michel Cogné Sophie Péron CRIBL UMR CNRS 7276 INSERM U126287000 LimogesFrance Institut Universitaire de France 75000 ParisFrance

IgH locus suicide recombination(LSR)occurs in activated Blymphocytes and may result in the death of the concerned B cell,justifying the name“locus suicide recombination”.1 LSR,as for immunoglobulin(Ig)class switch recombination(CSR),is an intrachromosomal recombination in the Ig heavy chain(IgH)***,LSR somehow appears to be the detrimental counterpart of CSR in activated B cells,since CSR intends for cells to actively participate in immune responses while LSR eliminates B ***,an important question to address is the regulation and the exact molecular mechanism of LSR.

关键词： CSR eliminate concerned

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Deletion of the immunoglobulin heavy chain 3′ regulatory region super-enhancer affects somatic hypermutation in B1 B cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第2期16卷 195-197页

作者： Issaoui Hussein Ghazzaui Nour boyer François Denizot Yves Saintamand Alexis Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UnitéMixte de Recherche 7276 Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche Médicale U1262CBRSrue du Pr.Descottes87025 LimogesFrance INSERM U1236 UniversitéRennes 1RennesFrance

Mouse B1 B cells originate in the embryonic liver and are the major B-cell population in the peritoneal and pleural cavities.1–5 By contrast,mouse B2 B cells originate in the bone marrow and are the major B-cell population in the bone marrow,spleen,and blood.B1 and B2 B cells differ not only in their origin and locations,but also in their antigen specificity,cell surface markers,capacities for class-switch recombination(CSR)and somatic hypermutation(SHM).IgH cis-regulatory regions and,particularly,transcriptional super-enhancers are major locus regulators under both normal and pathological conditions.6,7 Important differences have been found regarding the ability of the IgH 3′regulatory region(3′RR)super-enhancer to control the B1 and B2 B-cell fate.

关键词： spleen specificity peritoneal

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