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轻金属 1993年第6期 44-49页

作者： a.I."ed"Nussba.m 郑宏

尽管几乎所有新近建设的电解铝厂都有自己的预焙阳极生产设施,但老厂还不时地依赖于外购阳极。例如,瑞铝在冰岛的分公司“冰岛铝公司”的铝厂便是从瑞铝在荷兰的子公司“铝和化学鹿特丹公司”获得预焙阳极。

关键词：碳阳极工艺技术

TIME-DEPENDENT MORPHOLOGY OF POLYETHYLENE-POLYPROPYLENE BLENDS

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Chinese Journa. of Polymer Science 2002年第6期20卷 497-508页

作者： Robert a. Sha.ks Depa.tment of a.plied Chemistry CRC for Polymers RMIT University Melbourne Victoria Australia

The effect of time-tempera.ure trea.ment on morphology of polyethylene-polypropylene (PE-PP) blends wa.studied to esta.lish a.rela.ionship between therma. history, morphology a.d mecha.ica. properties. Polypropylene (PP)homopolymers were used to blend with va.ious polyethylenes (PE), including high density polyethylene (HDPE), lowdensity polyethylene (LDPE), linea. low density polyethylene (LLDPE), a.d very a.d ultra.low density polyethylene(VLDPE a.d ULDPE). The ma.ority of the blends were prepa.ed a. a.ra.io of PE:PP = 80:20, while blends of PP a.d LLDPEwere prepa.ed a. va.ious compositions. Therma. trea.ment wa. ca.ried out a. tempera.ures between the crysta.liza.iontempera.ures of PP a.d PEs to a.low PP to crysta.lize first from the blends. On cooling further, PE crysta.lized too. a.verydiffuse PP spherulite morphology in the PE ma.rix wa. formed in some pa.tia.ly miscible blends when PP wa. less tha. 20%by ma.s. Droplet-ma.rix structures were developed in other blends with either PP or PE a. dispersed doma.ns in a.continuousma.rix, depending on the composition ra.io. The sca.ning electron microscopy (SEM) ima.es displa.ed a.fibrilla. structureof PP spherulite in the LLDPE-PP (80:20) a.d la.ge droplets of PP in the HDPE-PP (80:20) blend, providing la.ger surfa.ea.ea.a.d better bonding in the LLDPE-PP (80:20) blends. This expla.ns why the blends with diffuse spherulite morphologyshowed grea.er improvement in tensile properties tha. droplet-ma.rix morphology blends a.ter time-tempera.ure trea.ment.

关键词： Polypropylene a.d polyethylene blends Therma. history Spherulite Morphology Mecha.ica. properties

MODELING Da.-BREa. FLOOD OVER Na.URa. RIVERS USING DISCONTINUOUS Ga.ERKIN METHOD

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Journa. of Hydrodyna.ics 2012年第4期24卷 467-478页

作者： KHa. a.dul a. Glenn Depa.tment of Civil Engineering Clemson University

a.well-ba.a.ced numerica. model is presented for two-dimensiona., depth-a.era.ed, sha.low wa.er flows ba.ed on the Discontinuous Ga.erkin （DG） method. The model is a.plied to simula.e da.-brea. flood in na.ura. rivers with wet/dry bed a.d complex topogra.hy. To elimina.e numerica. imba.a.ce, the pressure force a.d bed slope terms a.e combined in the sha.low wa.er flow equa.ions. For pa.tia.ly wet/dry elements, a.trea.ment of the source term tha. preserves the well-ba.a.ced property is presented. a.trea.ment for modeling flow over initia.ly dry bed is presented. Numerica. results show tha. the time step used is rela.ed to the dry bed criterion. The intercell numerica. flux in the DG method is computed by the Ha.ten-La.-va. Conta.t （HLLC） a.proxima.e Riema.n solver. a.two-dimensiona. slope limiting procedure is employed to prevent spurious oscilla.ion. The robustness a.d a.cura.y of the model a.e demonstra.ed through severa. test ca.es, including da.-brea. flow in a.cha.nel with three bumps, la.ora.ory da.-brea. tests over a.tria.gula. bump a.d a. L-sha.e bend, da.-brea. flood in the Pa.te River, a.d the Ma.pa.set da.-brea. ca.e. Numerica. results show tha. the model is robust a.d a.cura.e to simula.e da.-brea. flood over na.ura. rivers with complex geometry a.d wet/dry beds.

关键词： Discontinuous Ga.erkin (DG) method sha.low wa.er flows da.-brea. flood well-ba.a.ced scheme

La.ge sca.e ma.ufa.ture of ma.netic polymer pa.ticles using membra.es a.d microfluidic devices

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China.Pa.ticuology 2007年第1期5卷 26-42页

作者： Richa.d a. Willia.s Institute of Pa.ticle Science a.d Engineering School of Process Environmental and Materials Engineering University of Leeds Clarendon Road Leeds LS2 9JT United Kingdom

Ma.netic polymer pa.ticles ha.e found a.plica.ions in diverse a.ea. such a. biomedica. trea.ments, dia.nosis a.d sepa.a.ion technology. These a.plica.ions require the pa.ticles to ha.e controlled sizes a.d na.row size distributions to ga.n better control a.d reproducibility in use. This pa.er reviews recent developments in the prepa.a.ion of ma.netic polymer pa.ticles a. na.o- a.d micro-sca.es by enca.sula.ing ma.netic components with dissolved or in situ formed polymers. Pa.ticle ma.ufa.ture using emulsifica.ion a.d embedment methods produces ma.netic polymer pa.ticles a. micro-sca.e dimensions. However, the production of pa.ticles in this ra.ge using conventiona. emulsifica.ion methods a.fords very limited control over pa.ticle sizes a.d polydispersity. We report on a.terna.ive routes using membra.e a.d microfluidics emulsifica.ion techniques, which ha.e a.ca.a.ility to produce monodisperse emulsions a.d polymer microspheres （with coefficients of va.ia.ion of less tha. 10%） in the ra.ge from submicrometer to a.few 100 μm. The performa.ce of these ma.ufa.turing methods is a.sessed with a.view to future a.plica.ions.

关键词： Ma.netic polymer pa.ticles Membra.e emulsifica.ion Microfluidics emulsifica.ion La.ge sca.e ma.ufa.ture

Site specific proba.ilistic seismic ha.a.d a.a.ysis a. Duba. Creek on the west coa.t of Ua.

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Ea.thqua.e Engineering a.d Engineering Vibra.ion 2011年第1期10卷 143-152页

作者： a.ma. a. Sha.a Pa.sons Corpora.ion 100 Broadway New York NY 10005 USA

a.proba.ilistic seismic ha.a.d a.a.ysis （PSHa. wa. conducted to esta.lish the ha.a.d spectra.for a.site loca.ed a. Duba. Creek on the west coa.t of the United a.a. Emira.es （Ua.）. The PSHa.considered a.l the seismogenic sources tha. a.fect the site, including pla.e bounda.ies such a. the Ma.ra. subduction zone, the Za.ros fold-thrust region a.d the tra.sition fa.lt system between them; a.d loca. crusta. fa.lts in Ua.. PSHa.indica.ed tha. loca. fa.lts domina.e the ha.a.d. The pea. ground a.celera.ion （PGa. for the 475-yea. return period spectrum is 0.17 g a.d 0.33 g for the 2,475-yea. return period spectrum. The ha.a.d spectra.a.e then employed to esta.lish rock ground motions using the spectra. ma.ching technique.

关键词： seismic ha.a.d PSHA subduction zone rock ground motion spectra. ma.ching logic tree fa.lt

Concept of a.Pitot Tube a.le to Detect Blocka.e by Ice, Volca.ic a.h, Sa.d a.d Insects, a.d to Clea. the Tube

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Photonic Sensors 2015年第4期5卷 298-303页

作者： Da.id a. Ja.KSON School of Physica. Sciences Applied Optics Groups University of Kent UK

a.conceptua. coa.ia. Pitot tube （PT） ha. been developed using fiber optic sensors combined with a.tua.ors to monitor a.d ma.nta.n its correct opera.ion under different environmenta. conditions. Experiments were performed showing tha. the dyna.ic a.d sta.ic tubes ca. be clea.ed of ice. It wa. a.so demonstra.ed tha. the dyna.ic tube could be clea.ed of dust a.d sa.d which wa. not the ca.e for the sta.ic tube in the coa.ia. configura.ion. a. a.proa.h wa. proposed to overcome this problem involving a.conventiona. configura.ion where the sta.ic tube wa. opera.ed independently orthogona. to the dyna.ic tube, a.d a.second set of sensors a.d a.tua.ors wa. used. Sensors a.d a.socia.ed a.tua.ors were developed for tempera.ure a.d intensity for a.linea. PT. The a.m of this work is to propose a.solution for a.problem tha. ha. ca.sed the loss of the lives of ma.y pa.sengers a.d crew of a.rcra.t. Resources were not a.a.la.le to test a.full implementa.ion of a.PT incorpora.ing the proposed modifica.ions.

关键词： Pitot tube instrumenta.ion FBG spectrometer pressure tempera.ure optica. intensity

Linea. insta.ility of the electrified free interfa.e between two cylindrica. shells of viscoela.tic fluids through porous media

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a.ta.Mecha.ica.Sinica 2012年第6期28卷 1572-1589页

作者： Ma.dy a. Sirwa. Depa.tment of Ma.hema.ics Faculty of Science Tanta University

In this pa.er, we ha.e discussed the linea. sta.il- ity a.a.ysis of the electrified surfa.e sepa.a.ing two coa.ia. Oldroyd-B fluid la.ers confined between two impermea.le rigid cylinders in the presence of both interfa.ia. insoluble surfa.ta.t a.d surfa.e cha.ge through porous media. The ca.e of long wa.es interfa.ia. sta.ility ha. been studied. The dispersion rela.ion is solved numerica.ly a.d hence the ef- fects of va.ious pa.a.eters a.e illustra.ed gra.hica.ly. Our results revea. tha. the influence of the physicochemica. pa. ra.eterβ is to shrink the insta.ility region of the surfa.e a.d reduce the growth ra.e of the unsta.le norma. modes. Such importa.t effects of the surfa.ta.t on the sha.e of in- terfa.ia. structures a.e more sensitive to the va.ia.ion of the βcorresponding to non-Newtonia. fluids-model compa.ed with the Newtonia. fluids model. In the ca.e of long wa.e limit, it is demonstra.ed tha. increa.ing r, ha. a.dua. role in- fluence （de-sta.ilizing effects） depending on the viscosity of the core fluid. It ha. a.desta.ilizing effect a. the la.ge va.ues of the core fluid viscosity coefficient, while this role is ex- cha.ged to a.regula.ly sta.ilizing influence a. sma.l va.ues of such coefficient.

关键词： Modified Da.cy's la. Oldroyd-B model Ca.-illa.y sta.ility flow Insoluble surfa.ta.t Surfa.e cha.ges Porous media

Neura. Network Ba.ed on Qua.tum Chemistry for Predicting Melting Point of Orga.ic Compounds

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Chinese Journa. of Chemica. Physics 2009年第1期22卷 19-26页

作者： Jua. a. La.zus Depa.ta.ento de Fisica Universidad de La Serena Casilla 554 La Serena Chile

The melting points of orga.ic compounds were estima.ed using a.combined method tha. includes a.ba.kpropa.a.ion neura. network a.d qua.tita.ive structure property rela.ionship （QSPR） pa.a.eters in qua.tum chemistry. Eleven descriptors tha. reflect the intermolecula. forces a.d molecula. symmetry were used a. input va.ia.les. QSPR pa.a.eters were ca.cula.ed using molecula. modeling a.d PM3 semi-empirica. molecula. orbita. theories. a.tota. of 260 compounds were used to tra.n the network, which wa. developed using Ma.La.. Then, the melting points of 73 other compounds were predicted a.d results were compa.ed to experimenta. da.a.from the litera.ure. The study shows tha. the chosen a.tificia. neura. network a.d the qua.tita.ive structure property rela.ionships method present a. excellent a.terna.ive for the estima.ion of the melting point of a. orga.ic compound, with a.era.e a.solute devia.ion of 5%.

关键词： Melting point Qua.tita.ive structure-property rela.ionship a.tificia. neura. network Qua.tum chemistry

Tibet,the Hima.a.a.a.ia. monsoons a.d biodiversity-In wha. wa.s a.e they rela.ed？

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Pla.t Diversity 2017年第5期39卷 233-244页

作者： Robert a. Spicer Key La.ora.ory of Tropica. Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Menglun Yunnan 666303 PR China School of Environment Earth and Ecosystem Sciences The Open University MK7 6AA UK

Preva.ling dogma.a.serts tha. the uplift of Tibet, the onset of the a.ia. monsoon system a.d high biodiversity in southern a.ia.a.e linked, a.d tha. a.l occurred a.ter 23 million yea.s a.o in the ***, spa.ning the la.t 60 million yea.s of Ea.th history, the geologica., clima.ologica. a.d pa.a.ontologica. evidence for this linka.e is reviewed. The principa. conclusions a.e tha.: 1) a.proto-Tibeta. highla.d existed well before the Neogene a.d tha. a. a.dea. type topogra.hy with surfa.e eleva.ions of a. lea.t 4.5 km existed a. the sta.t of the Eocene, before fina. closure of the Tethys Ocea. tha. sepa.a.ed India.from Eura.ia. 2) The Hima.a.a.were formed not a. the sta.t of the India.Eura.ia.collision, but a.ter much of Tibet ha. a.hieved its present eleva.ion. The Hima.a.a.built a.a.nst a.pre-existing proto-Tibeta. highla.d a.d only projected a.ove the a.era.e height of the pla.ea. a.ter a.proxima.ely 15 Ma. 3)Monsoon clima.es ha.e existed a.ross southern a.ia.for the whole of the Cenozoic, a.d proba.ly for a.lot longer, but tha. they were of the kind genera.ed by sea.ona. migra.ions of the Inter-tropica. Convergence Zone. 4) The projection of the High Hima.a.a.a.ove the Tibeta. Pla.ea. a. a.out 15 Ma.coincides with the development of the modern South a.ia.Monsoon. 5) The Ea.t a.ia.monsoon beca.e esta.lished in its present form a.out the sa.e time a. a.consequence of topogra.hic cha.ges in northern Tibet a.d elsewhere in a.ia. the loss of moisture sources in the a.ia. interior a.d the development of a.strong winter Siberia. high a. globa. tempera.ures declined. 6) New ra.iometric da.es of pa.a.ontologica. finds point to southern a.ia.s high biodiversity origina.ing in the Pa.eogene, not the Neogene.

关键词： Tibeta. Pla.ea. Hima.a.a Uplift history Monsoons Biodiversity Molecula. phylogeny

a.Lognorma. Distribution of Meta. Resources

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地球科学（中国地质大学学报） 2011年第2期36卷 201-208页

作者： Dona.d a. Singer U.S. Geologica. Survey 345 Middlefield Road Menlo Park California 94025 USA

For na.iona. or globa. resource estima.ion of frequencies of meta.s,a.lognorma. distribution ha. commonly been recommended but not a.equa.ely *** of frequencies of Cu,Zn,Pb,a.,a.d a. contents of 1 984 well-explored minera. deposits displa. a.poor fit to the lognorma. *** the sa.e meta.s plus Mo,Co,Nb2O3,a.d REE2O3 a.e grouped into 19 geologica.ly defined deposit types,only eight of the 73 tests fa.l to be fit by lognorma. distribution,a.d most of those fa.lures a.e in two deposit types suggesting a.problem with those *** of the mea. a.d sta.da.d devia.ion of ea.h of the meta.s in ea.h of the deposit types a.e provided for modeling.

关键词：地质矿石矿产资源地球科学