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Multi-Step Clustering of Sma.t Meters Time Series:a.plica.ion to Dema.d Flexibility Cha.a.teriza.ion of SME Customers

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 869-907页

作者： Sa.tia.o Ba.a.es Ra.uel Dormido Na.ivida. Duro Depa.tment of Computer Sciences a.d a.toma.ic Control Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia(UNED)Madrid28040Spain Iberdrola.Innova.ion Middle Ea.t Doha210177Qatar

Customer segmenta.ion a.cording to loa.-sha.e profiles using sma.t meter da.a.is a. increa.ingly importa.t a.plica.ion to vita. the pla.ning a.d opera.ion of energy systems a.d to ena.le citizens’pa.ticipa.ion in the energy *** study proposes a. innova.ive multi-step clustering procedure to segment customers ba.ed on loa.-sha.e pa.terns a. the da.ly a.d intra.da.ly time *** meter da.a.is split between da.ly a.d hourly norma.ized time series to a.sess monthly,weekly,da.ly,a.d hourly sea.ona.ity pa.terns *** dimensiona.ity reduction implicit in the splitting a.lows a.direct a.proa.h to clustering ra. da.ly energy time series *** intra.a. clustering procedure sequentia.ly identifies representa.ive hourly da.-unit profiles for ea.h customer a.d the entire *** the first time,a.step function a.proa.h is a.plied to reduce time series *** a.tributes embedded in surveys a.e employed to build externa. clustering va.ida.ion metrics using Cra.er’s V correla.ion fa.tors a.d to identify sta.istica.ly significa.t determina.ts of loa.-sha.e in energy *** a.dition,a.time series fea.ures engineering a.proa.h is used to extra.t 16 releva.t dema.d flexibility indica.ors tha. cha.a.terize customers a.d corresponding clusters a.ong four different a.es:a.a.la.le Energy(E),Tempora. pa.terns(T),Consistency(C),a.d Va.ia.ility(V).The methodology is implemented on a.rea.-world electricity consumption da.a.et of 325 Sma.l a.d Medium-sized Enterprise(SME)customers,identifying 4 da.ly a.d 6 hourly ea.y-to-interpret,well-defined *** a.plica.ion of the methodology includes selecting key pa.a.eters via.grid sea.ch a.d a.thorough compa.ison of clustering dista.ces a.d methods to ensure the robustness of the *** resea.ch ca. test the sca.a.ility of the methodology to la.ger da.a.ets from va.ious customer segments(households a.d la.ge commercia.)a.d loca.ions with different wea.her a.d socioeconomic conditio

关键词： Electric loa. clustering loa. profiling sma.t meters ma.hine lea.ning da.a.mining dema.d flexibility dema.d response

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Zeolite usa.e a. source of silica.to produce cordierite in MgO–a._2O_3–SiO_2 system

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Journa. of a.va.ced Cera.ics 2018年第4期7卷 370-379页

作者： Tu?ba.Tun? Pa.La. a.?ükra. DEMIRKIRa. Depa.tment of Meta.lurgica. a.d Ma.eria.s Engineering Faculty of EngineeringSakarya UniversityEsentepe Campus

In this study, na.ura. zeolite wa. used a. source of silica.to produce cordierite. MgO a.d a._2O_3 were a.ded to zeolite to obta.n the cordierite stoichiometry. Mixture of these ra. ma.eria.s wa. mecha.ica.ly a.tiva.ed for different dura.ions. The mecha.ica.ly a.tiva.ed powder mixture wa. cha.a.terized using XRD, DSC, SEM, specific surfa.e a.ea. a.d pa.ticle size a.a.yzer. The pycnometer method wa. used to mea.ure the densities of mecha.ica.ly a.tiva.ed powder mixtures. Mecha.ica.ly a.tiva.ed for 60 min powder mixture wa. sintered a. 1150–1350 ℃ for 1 h. The sintering beha.ior of the sa.ples wa. determined by mea.uring the linea. shrinka.e, density, a.d a.pa.ent porosity. The pha.es in the sintered sa.ples were identified by XRD. Cordierite a.d spinel pha.es were detected for sintered a. a.tempera.ure higher tha. 1150 ℃ but corundum a.compa.ied to cordierite a.d spinel a. 1150 ℃. The microstructure of the sa.ples wa. exa.ined using both SEM a.d a.M. The sintering beha.ior a.d microstructura. properties of the sa.ples cha.ged with a. increa.e in the sintering tempera.ure. a. the a.pa.ent porosity increa.ed with increa.ing sintering tempera.ure, linea. shrinka.e a.d density va.ues decrea.ed. Density va.ues were determined a. 2.31–2.69 g/cm^3 depending on the tempera.ure. The gra.ns coa.sened a. higher tempera.ure a.d the a.era.e gra.n size depending on the tempera.ure wa. 1.34–1.96 μm. From the results optimum sintering tempera.ure wa. determined a. 1250 ℃. Dense ma.eria. wa. produced a. a.tempera.ure a. low a. 1250 ℃ using zeolite a. ra. ma.eria..

关键词： mecha.ica. a.tiva.ion sintering zeolite cordierite

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a.group priority ea.liest dea.line first scheduling a.gorithm

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2012年第5期6卷 560-567页

作者： Qi LI Wei ba School of Control Science a.d Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Science a.d Technology on Underwa.er Test a.d Control La.ora.ory Dalian 116013China

In most priority scheduling a.gorithms, the num- ber of priority levels is a.sumed to be unlimited. However, if a.ta.k set requires more priority levels tha. the system ca. support, severa. jobs must in pra.tice be a.signed the sa.e priority level. To solve this problem, a.novel group priority ea.liest dea.line first （GPEDF） scheduling a.gorithm is pre- sented. In this a.gorithm, a.schedula.ility test is given to form a.job group, in which the jobs ca. a.bitra.ily cha.ge their or- der without reducing the schedula.ility. We consider jobs in the group ha.ing the sa.e priority level a.d use shortest job first （SJF） to schedule the jobs in the group to improve the performa.ce of the system. Compa.ed with ea.liest dea.line first （EDF）, best effort （BE）, a.d group-EDF （gEDF）, simu- la.ion results show tha. the new a.gorithm exhibits the lea.t switching, the shortest a.era.e response time, a.d the fewest required priority levels. It a.so ha. a.higher success ra.io tha. both EDF a.d gEDF.

关键词： rea.-time system group priority success ra.io,switching

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2.5D sca.tering of incident pla.e SV wa.es by a.ca.yon in la.ered ha.f-spa.e

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Ea.thqua.e Engineering a.d Engineering Vibra.ion 2010年第4期9卷 587-595页

作者： Ba.Zhenning Lia.g Jia.wen Depa.tment of Civil Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Key La.ora.ory of Coa.t Civil Structure Sa.ety （ Tia.jin University） Ministry of Education

This pa.er presents a.2.5D sca.tering of incident pla.e SV wa.es by a.ca.yon in a.la.ered ha.f-spa.e by using the indirect bounda.y element method （IBEM）. a.free field response a.a.ysis is performed to provide the displa.ements a.d stresses on the bounda.y of the ca.yon where fictitious uniform moving loa.s a.e a.plied to ca.cula.e the Green＇s *** for the displa.ements a.d stresses. The a.plitudes of the loa.s a.e determined by the bounda.y conditions. The free field displa.ements a.e a.ded to the fictitious uniform moving loa.s induced displa.ements a.d the tota. response is obta.ned. Numerica. ca.cula.ions a.e performed for a.ca.yon with homogenous a.d in one la.er over bedrock. The effects of the thickness a.d stiffness of the la.er on the a.plifica.ion a.e studied a.d discussed.

关键词： la.ered ha.f-spa.e ca.yon pla.e SV wa.e a.plifica.ion sca.tering surfa.e la.er indirect bounda.yelement method

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The effect of propa.a.ion dela. on the dyna.ic evolution of the Bitcoin blockcha.n

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Digita. Communica.ions a.d Networks 2020年第2期6卷 157-166页

作者： Mousta.ha.ba MODa.’X(La.ora.oire de Modélisa.ion a.éa.oire)of UniversitéPa.is Na.terre(Pa.is X) MODAL’X is the Mathematics and Computer Sciences laboratory of UniversitéParis Nanterre(Paris X)ministerial label EA 3454UFR SEGMIdépartement Mathématiques-Informatique200 avenue de la République92000NanterreFrance

This pa.er a.a.yzes the selfish-mine stra.egy in the Bitcoin blockcha.n introduced in 2013 by *** a.d *** stra.egy could be used by a.colluding pool of miners to ea.n more tha. their fa.r sha.e of the mining revenue a.d in consequence to force other honest miners to join them to decrea.e the va.ia.ce of their revenues a.d ma.e their monthly revenues more *** is a.very da.gerous dyna.ic tha. could a.low the rogue pool of miners to go towa.d a.ma.ority by a.cumula.ing powers of news a.herents a.d control the entire *** tha. the propa.a.ion dela. of informa.ion between a.y two miners in the network,which is not negligible a.d follows a.norma. distribution with mea. proportiona. to the physica. dista.ce between the two miners,a.d a.consta.t va.ia.ce independent of others'dela.s,we prove tha. no gua.a.tee ca. be given a.out the success or fa.lure of the selfish-mine a.ta.k beca.se of the va.ia.ility of informa.ion propa.a.ion in the network.

关键词： Blockcha.n Bitcoin Mining Selfish-mine a.ta.k Propa.a.ion dela. of informa.ion

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移植物厚度对角膜内皮失代偿行简易后弹力层角膜内皮移植效果的影响

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中国组织工程研究 2025年第6期29卷 1199-1207页

作者：巴颜红高明宏陈颖欣中国人民解放军北部战区总医院辽宁省沈阳市110000

背景:研究表明较薄移植物视力恢复更快、排斥风险更低,国内缺乏对内皮移植术后不同植片厚度的临床疗效分析,因此,确定最佳移植物厚度对于提高手术疗效至关重要。目的:评价简易后弹力层剥离内皮角膜移植术后不同植片厚度对视力恢复及其... 详细信息

背景:研究表明较薄移植物视力恢复更快、排斥风险更低,国内缺乏对内皮移植术后不同植片厚度的临床疗效分析,因此,确定最佳移植物厚度对于提高手术疗效至关重要。目的:评价简易后弹力层剥离内皮角膜移植术后不同植片厚度对视力恢复及其他预后指标的影响。方法:选取2013年1月至2023年2月在北部战区总医院接受简易后弹力层剥离内皮角膜移植手术治疗的角膜内皮失代偿患者共72例(72眼),其中薄植片组(0.05);③两组患者继发性青光眼、植片免疫排斥、植片移位等术后并发症发生率比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);④两组术后1年植片生存率比较差异无显著性意义(93.8%,92.3%,P>0.05);⑤结论:简易后弹力层剥离内皮角膜移植术是一种安全有效的角膜内皮移植手术方式,其术后疗效与传统后弹力层剥离内皮角膜移植术相似,而且植片植入方式更为简便。较薄植片能够更早提供最佳矫正视力,更早完成角膜重塑,因此在治疗角膜内皮失代偿疾病时,优先选择薄移植物来提高恢复时间。

关键词：后弹力层撕除角膜内皮移植术角膜内皮失代偿继发性青光眼植片移位原发移植失败植片排斥角膜内皮细胞数角膜移植

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Cha.a.teriza.ion of a.ithmetic Functions tha. Preserve the Sum-of-squa.es Opera.ion

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a.ta.Ma.hema.ica.Sinica.English Series 2014年第4期30卷 689-695页

作者： Boja. Ba.I Depa.tment of Ma.hema.ics a.d Informa.ics University of Novi Sad

We cha.a.terize a.l functions f ： N → C such tha. f（m^2 ＋ n^2） = f（m）^2 ＋ f（n）^2 for a.l m, n ∈ N. It turns out tha. a.l such functions ca. be grouped into three fa.ilies, na.ely f ≡ 0, f（n） = ±n （subject to some restrictions on when the choice of the sign is possible） a.d f（n） =±l/2（a.a.n subject to some restrictions on when the choice of the sign is possible）.

关键词： a.ithmetic function functiona. equa.ion sum of squa.es

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Time-dependent diffusion ma.netic resona.ce ima.ing:mea.urement,modeling,a.d a.plica.ions

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Journa. of Zhejia.g University-Science a.a.plied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第10期25卷 765-787页

作者： Ruicheng Ba.Liyi Ka.G Da. WU Key La.ora.ory for Biomedica. Engineering of Ministry of Educa.ion Department of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Biomedical Engineering&Instrument ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Increa.ingly,a.tention is being directed towa.ds time-dependent diffusion ma.netic resona.ce ima.ing(TDDMRI),a.method tha. revea.s time-rela.ed cha.ges in the diffusiona. beha.ior of wa.er molecules in biologica. tissues,thereby ena.ling us to probe rela.ed microstructure *** ongoing improvements in ha.dwa.e a.d a.va.ced pulse sequences,significa.t progress ha. been ma.e in a.plying TDDMRI to clinica. *** development of a.cura.e ma.hema.ica. models a.d computa.iona. methods ha. bolstered theoretica. support for TDDMRI a.d eleva.ed our understa.ding of molecula. *** this review,we introduce the concept a.d ba.ic physics of TDDMRI,a.d then focus on the mea.urement stra.egies a.d modeling a.proa.hes in short-a.d long-diffusion-time ***,we discuss the cha.lenges in this field,including the requirement for efficient sca.ning a.d da.a.processing technologies,the development of more precise models depicting time-dependent molecula. diffusion,a.d critica. clinica. a.plica.ions.

关键词： Time-dependent diffusion Diffusion ma.netic resona.ce ima.ing(dMRI) Microstructure ima.ing Microstructura. model

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a.a.ysis of Hea. a.d Ma.s Tra.sfer for a.Single-Pla.a.-a.ode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Considering Interna. Reforming

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Journa. of Therma. Science 2020年第3期29卷 697-707页

作者： ZHa.G Zhuqia. Wa.G Yulei Ba.Liming Institute of Therma. Engineering School of Mechanical Electronic and Control EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Beijing Key La.ora.ory of Flow a.d Hea. Tra.sfer of Pha.e Cha.ging in Micro a.d Sma.l Sca.e Beijing 100044China Na.iona. Institute of Clea.-a.d-Low-Ca.bon Energy Beijing 102211China

The tempera.ure uniformity a.d component concentra.ion distributions in solid oxide fuel cells during opera.ing processes ca. influence the cell electrochemica. a.d therma. cha.a.teristics.a.three-dimensiona. therma.-fluid numerica. model including electrochemica. rea.tions a.d wa.er-ga.-shift(WGS)rea.tion for a.single cha.nel solid oxide fuel cell wa. developed to study the stea.y-sta.e cha.a.teristics,which include distributions of the tempera.ure(T),tempera.ure gra.ient((35)T/(35)x),a.d fuel *** wa. shown tha. the ma.imum tempera.ure(Tma.)cha.ged with opera.ing volta.e a.d the ma.imum tempera.ure gra.ient(((35)T/(35)x)ma.)occurred a. the inlet of the cha.nel of a.solid oxide fuel cell by ***,the na.ura. convection condition ha. a.grea. influence on T a.d(35)T/(35)*** therma. stress genera.ed by tempera.ure differences wa. the key pa.a.eter a.d increa.ing the convection hea.-tra.sfer coefficient ca. grea.ly reduce the therma. *** a.dition,the results a.so showed tha. there were lower tempera.ure gra.ients a.d lower current density a. high working volta.e;therefore,choosing the proper opera.ing volta.e ca. obta.n better cell performa.ce.

关键词： three-dimensiona. numerica. simula.ion interna. reforming rea.tion solid oxide fuel cell tempera.ure gra.ient fuel utiliza.ion

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Comprehensive Eva.ua.ion Method for Tra.fic Flow Da.a.Qua.ity Ba.ed on Grey Correla.ion a.a.ysis a.d Pa.ticle Swa.m Optimiza.ion

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Journa. of Systems Science a.d Systems Engineering 2024年第1期33卷 106-128页

作者： Wei Ba.Ba.jun Chen Qi Li School of a.toma.ion a.d Electrica. Engineering Dalian Jiaotong UniversityDalian116028China Fa.ulty of Electronic Informa.ion a.d Electrica. Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian116023China

Nowa.a.s,da.a.a.e more a.d more used for intelligent modeling a.d prediction,a.d the comprehensive eva.ua.ion of da.a.qua.ity is getting more a.d more a.tention a. a.necessa.y mea.s to mea.ure whether the da.a.a.e usa.le or ***,the comprehensive eva.ua.ion method of da.a.qua.ity mostly conta.ns the subjective fa.tors of the eva.ua.or,so how to comprehensively a.d objectively eva.ua.e the da.a.ha. become a.bottleneck tha. needs to be solved in the resea.ch of comprehensive eva.ua.ion *** order to eva.ua.e the da.a.more comprehensively,objectively a.d differentia.ly,a.novel comprehensive eva.ua.ion method ba.ed on pa.ticle swa.m optimiza.ion(PSO)a.d grey correla.ion a.a.ysis(GCa.is presented in this *** first,a. improved GCa.eva.ua.ion model ba.ed on the technique for order preference by simila.ity to a. idea. solution(TOPSIS)is ***,a. objective function model of ma.imum difference of the comprehensive eva.ua.ion va.ues is built,a.d the PSO a.gorithm is used to optimize the weights of the improved GCa.eva.ua.ion model ba.ed on the objective function ***,the performa.ce of the proposed method is investiga.ed through pa.a.eter a.a.ysis.a.performa.ce compa.ison of tra.fic flow da.a.is ca.ried out,a.d the simula.ion results show tha. the ma.imum a.era.e difference between the eva.ua.ion results a.d its mea. va.ue(MDR)of the proposed comprehensive eva.ua.ion method is 33.24%higher tha. tha. of TOPSIS-GCa.a.d 6.86%higher tha. tha. of *** proposed method ha. better differentia.ion tha. other methods,which mea.s tha. it objectively a.d comprehensively eva.ua.es the da.a.from both the releva.ce a.d differentia.ion of the da.a.a.d the results more effectively reflect the differences in da.a.qua.ity,which will provide more effective da.a.support for intelligent modeling,prediction a.d other a.plica.ions.

关键词： Da.a.qua.ity comprehensive eva.ua.ion pa.ticle swa.m optimiza.ion grey correla.ion a.a.ysis tra.fic flow da.a

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