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Phishing Attacks Detection Using EnsembleMachine Learning Algorithms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1325-1345页

作者： Nisreen Innab ahmed abdelgader Fadol Osman Mohammed Awad Mohammed Ataelfadiel Marwan Abu-Zanona Bassam Mohammad Elzaghmouri Farah H.Zawaideh Mouiad Fadeil Alawneh Department of Computer Science and Information Systems College of Applied SciencesAlmaarefa UniversityDiriyahRiyadh13713Saudi Arabia Applied College King Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Management Information Systems College of Business AdministrationKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyJerash UniversityJerash26110Jordan Department of Business Intelligence and Data Analysis Faculty of Financial Sciences and BusinessIrbid National UniversityIrbid21110Jordan Faculty of Information Technology Ajloun National UniversityAjloun26767Jordan

Phishing,an Internet fraudwhere individuals are deceived into revealing critical personal and account information,poses a significant risk to both consumers and web-based *** indicates a persistent rise in phishing ***,these fraudulent schemes are progressively becoming more intricate,thereby rendering them more challenging to ***,it is imperative to utilize sophisticated algorithms to address this *** learning is a highly effective approach for identifying and uncovering these harmful *** learning(ML)approaches can identify common characteristics in most phishing *** this paper,we propose an ensemble approach and compare it with six machine learning techniques to determine the type of website and whether it is normal or not based on two phishing *** that,we used the normalization technique on the dataset to transform the range of all the features into the same *** findings of this paper for all algorithms are as follows in the first dataset based on accuracy,precision,recall,and F1-score,respectively:Decision Tree(DT)(0.964,0.961,0.976,0.968),Random Forest(RF)(0.970,0.964,0.984,0.974),Gradient Boosting(GB)(0.960,0.959,0.971,0.965),XGBoost(XGB)(0.973,0.976,0.976,0.976),AdaBoost(0.934,0.934,0.950,0.942),Multi Layer Perceptron(MLP)(0.970,0.971,0.976,0.974)and Voting(0.978,0.975,0.987,0.981).So,the Voting classifier gave the best *** in the second dataset,all the algorithms gave the same results in four evaluation metrics,which indicates that each of them can effectively accomplish the prediction ***,this approach outperformed the previous work in detecting phishing websites with high accuracy,a lower false negative rate,a shorter prediction time,and a lower false positive rate.

关键词： Social engineering attacks phishing attacks machine learning security artificial intelligence

Boundedness Types of Perturbations on the Growth of Semigroups

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A note on the solution of general Falkner-Skan problem by two novel semi-analytical techniques

Advances in Pure Mathematics（理论数学进展） 2023年第1期

作者： zuheir khidir ahmed abdelgader Nariman Khider ahmed Abdalgadir Entisar Bakhit Bashir Elshikh Abualez Alamin ahmed Ali

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Propulsion and Power Research 2015年第4期4卷 212-220页

作者： ahmed khidir Faculty of Technology of Mathematical Sciences and Statistics Alneelain UniversityKhartoum 12702Sudan

The aim of this paper is to give a presentation of two new iterative methods forsolving non-linear differential equations, they are successive linearisation method and spectralhomotopy perturbation method. We applied these techniques on the non-linear boundary valueproblems of Falkner-Skan type. The methods used to find a recursive former for higher orderequations that are solved using the Chebyshev spectral method to find solutions that areaccurate and converge rapidly to the full numerical solution. The methods are illustrated byprogressively applying the technique to the Blasius boundary layer equation, the Falkner-Skanequation and finally, the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Falkner-Skan equation. The solutionsare compared to other methods in the literature such as the homotopy analysis method and thespectral-homotopy analysis method with focus on the accuracy and convergence of this newtechniques.

关键词： Successive linearisation method Homotopy perturbation method Falkner-Skan problem

Modified Adomian decomposition method for solving the problem of boundary layer convective heat transfer

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Propulsion and Power Research 2018年第3期7卷 231-237页

作者： Yassir Daoud ahmed A.khidir Faculty of Mathematical Sciences and Statistics Alneelain UniversityAlgamhoria StreetP.O.Box 12702KhartoumSudan

In this paper,we apply a new modification of the Adomian decomposition method for solving the problem of boundary layer convective heat transfer with viscous dissipation and low pressure gradient over a at *** technique is based on the standard Adomian decomposition method and the Chebyshev pseudospectral *** are made between the pro-posed technique,the standard Adomian decomposition method,and the numerical solutions to demonstrate the applicability,validity,and high accuracy of the present *** results demonstrate that the new modification is more efficient and converges faster than the Adomian decomposition method.

关键词： Adomian decomposition method Chebyshev spectral method Boundary layer convective

The effects of cross-diffusion and radiation on mixed convection from a vertical flat plate embedded in a fluid-saturated porous medium in the presence of viscous dissipation

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Propulsion and Power Research 2016年第2期5卷 149-163页

作者： Mohammed A.Mohammed ahmed Mohammed E.Mohammed ahmed A.khidir Faculty of Technology of Mathematical Sciences and Statistics Alneelain UniversityP.O.Box 12702KhartoumSudan

In this paper,we propose a new application of a recent semi-numericalsuccessive linearization method(SLM)in solving highly coupled,nonlinear boundaryvalue *** method is presented in detail by solving the problem of steady flowof mixed convection and an incompressible viscous hydromagnetic fluid from a verticalflat plate embedded in a fluid-saturated porous *** governing partial differentialequations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations and then solvedby *** effects of different physical parameters on the velocity,temperature,andconcentration profiles are determined and *** skin-friction,and heat and masstransfer coefficients have been obtained and analyzed for various physical *** results are presented numerically through graphs and tables for both assistingand opposing flows to observe the effects of various parameters encountered in the equations.

关键词： Successive linearization method Mixed convection Cross-diffusion Heat and mass transfer Viscous dissipation

On linearization method to MHD boundary layer convective heat transfer with low pressure gradient

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Propulsion and Power Research 2015年第2期4卷 105-113页

作者： Mohammed A.Mohammed ahmed Mohammed E.Mohammed ahmed A.khidir Faculty of Technology of Mathematical Sciences and Statistics Alneelain UniversityKhartoumP.O.Box 12702Sudan

The paper highlights the application of a recent semi-numerical successive linearization method(SLM)in solving highly coupled,nonlinear boundary value *** method is presented in detail by solving the problem of boundary layer convective heat transfer with low pressure gradient in the presence of viscous dissipation and radiation *** effects of the parameters on the flow are *** velocity,temperature,skinfriction,and heat transfer coefficients have been obtained and discussed for various physical parametric values.

关键词： Successive linearization method Magnetohydrodynamics(MHD) Boundary layer convective heat transfer Pressure gradient Viscous dissipation

TCCA/NCS-Promoted Cascade Cyclization of <i>β</i>, <i>γ</i>-Unsaturated Compounds: Synthesis of Isoxazolines and Pyrazolines

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International Journal of Organic Chemistry 2021年第4期11卷 187-198页

作者： khidir Tajelseir Othman Nibras ahmed Elaas Department of Chemistry Faculty of Education University of Gadarif Gadarif Sudan Department of Chemistry Faculty of Education University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan

2-Isoxazolines and 2-pyrazolines have been derived from oxime and hydrazone derivatives reacted with N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) and trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA). Cyclization strategy is developed for the reaction of β, γ-unsaturated hydrazones with the TCCA to drive 2-pyrazolines and the reaction of β, γ-unsaturated oximes with NCS to derive 2-isoxalzolines. Structures of all new 2-isoxazolines and 2-pyrazolines have been elucidated by microanalyses, 1H, 13C NMR and Mass spectroscopies.

关键词： 2-Isoxazolines 2-Pyrazolines NCS TCCA

Assessing Drug Use Indicators in Health Insurance Facilities, Gezira State, Sudan, 2017-2018

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2021年第10期12卷 237-246页

作者： Sara Abdelrahman ahmed Elnazeer Ibrahim Hamedelniel Abubakr khidir Yousif Medical Service Directorate National Health Insurance Fund Gezira Sudan Department of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmacy Omdurman Islamic University Omdurman Sudan MPH MHPE National Health Insurance Fund Gezira Sudan

Background: Inappropriate use of medicines is a global concern with serious consequences related to prescribing, dispensing, and use. WHO estimated that 50% of medicines are not used correctly on their journey from the facility to home. Objective: To assess medicines use using WHO drug core indicators regarding prescribing, patient, and facilities. Setting: Outpatients, Health centers in Wadmadani locality (Urban area) in Gezira State, Sudan. Method: A cross-sectional, prospective, analytical study was conducted in 30 health centers and 60 patients from each center were selected using a simple random sampling technique. WHO indicators form was used to collect data containing different variables. T-test at a level of confidence of 95% was used to test differences between indicators. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used for data analysis. Results: The main prescribing indicators were 2.5 ± 0.6 for drugs per encounter, 44.1% ± 14.2%. Generic 54 ± 18.0 antibiotics, 12.0% ± 9.3% injectable, and 95.2% ± 11.5% of drugs were prescribed according to the NHIF-EML. The main patient’s indicators were, 2.9 ± 0.8 minutes for consultation time, 99.5 ± 36.8 seconds for dispensing time, and 72.5% ± 16.0% for medicines actually dispensed, 49.0% ± 18.0% for medicines adequately labeled, and 22.5% ± 7.3% of the patient

关键词： Assessing Drug Use Indicators National Health Insurance Fund Gezira Sudan

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Back Pain among Medical Students in Sudan

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Health 2022年第9期14卷 931-938页

作者： Shahda Shms Eldeen Khlf Alla ahmed Ragda Kabashy Mohammed Bahar Lana Alsiddig Mohamed ahmed Aisha Ali Elameen Abbas Eiman Siddig Abd Elhadi ahmed Ruba Jabir Abdallah Seedahmed Shahd Yousif Hajomer abdelgader Arwa ahmed Alhussain ahmed Khalid Elfadil Ibrahim Husein Faculty of Medicine Omdurman Islamic University Omdurman Sudan Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Omdurman Islamic University Omdurman Sudan

Background: Back pain affects old and young adults, and it is a common complain among medical students. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of back pain and associated factors among medical students in Sudan. Method: An observational multi-universal cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2021 to February 2022, involving 433 medical students selected by simple random sampling. Data were collected by electronic Google Form questionnaire designed to assess demographic features, back pain characteristics, and triggering factors. Data analysis was done by statistical package for social sciences. Result: The prevalence of back pain among medical students in Sudan is 69.3%, with a statistically insignificant difference between preclinical and clinical students (p value: 0.378), and between male and female students (p value: 0.826). The lower back is the commonest site of pain (75%). The majority of the students experience moderate pain (53.9%). They did not use medications (81%). Sitting for long hours is the most common trigger (87.9%) and the pain did not interfere with the daily activities (71%). Conclusion: Back pain is a common complain among medical students in Sudan. Medical schools should raise the awareness of the students about back pain.

关键词： Back Pain Medical Students Medical School Sudan