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Projecting Spring Consecutive Rainfall Events in the Three Gorges Reservoir Based on Triple-Nested Dynamical Downscaling

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1539-1558页

作者： Yanxin zheng Shuanglin li Noel KEENLYSIDE Shengping HE lingling SUO Department of Atmospheric Science CMA-CUG Joint Centre for Severe Weather and Climate and Hydro-geological HazardsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Institute of Atmospheric Physics and Climate Change Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Three Gorges National Climatological Observatory Yichang 443099China Geophysical Institute University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate ResearchBergen 5007Norway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research Bergen 5007Norway Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Spring consecutive rainfall events(CREs) are key triggers of geological hazards in the Three Gorges Reservoir area(TGR), China. However, previous projections of CREs based on the direct outputs of global climate models(GCMs) are subject to considerable uncertainties, largely caused by their coarse resolution. This study applies a triple-nested WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting) model dynamical downscaling, driven by a GCM, MIROC6(Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate, version 6), to improve the historical simulation and reduce the uncertainties in the future projection of CREs in the TGR. Results indicate that WRF has better performances in reproducing the observed rainfall in terms of the daily probability distribution, monthly evolution and duration of rainfall events, demonstrating the ability of WRF in simulating CREs. Thus, the triple-nested WRF is applied to project the future changes of CREs under the middle-of-the-road and fossil-fueled development scenarios. It is indicated that light and moderate rainfall and the duration of continuous rainfall spells will decrease in the TGR, leading to a decrease in the frequency of CREs. Meanwhile, the duration, rainfall amount, and intensity of CREs is projected to regional increase in the central-west TGR. These results are inconsistent with the raw projection of MIROC6. Observational diagnosis implies that CREs are mainly contributed by the vertical moisture advection. Such a synoptic contribution is captured well by WRF, which is not the case in MIROC6,indicating larger uncertainties in the CREs projected by MIROC6.

关键词： triple-nested downscaling Three Gorges Reservoir area consecutive rainfall events geological hazards projection

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Ectomycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophyte inoculation improve growth and tolerance of Pinus tabulaeformis under cadmium stress

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 473-483页

作者： Yong ZHOU Yanyan zheng Pengwei li lingjie XU Qiang FU College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China

Forest trees can establish symbiotic associations with dark septate endophytes(DSEs)and ectomycorrhizal fungi(ECMF)***,the combined effects of these two fungi on the growth and cadmium(Cd)tolerance of host plants remain largely *** address this knowledge gap,a pot experiment was conducted to examine the effects of the interaction between an ECMF strain(Suillus granulatus)and a DSE strain(Pseudopyrenochaeta sp.)on Pinus tabulaeformis under Cd stress,by assessing plant growth and physiological parameters,nutrient uptake,and soil ***,the colonization rates of both fungal strains were found to increase in response to Cd stress,with the extent of this increase being influenced by the specific fungal species and the Cd level in the *** to the non-inoculation treatment,single inoculation with fungal strain resulted in enhanced biomass,root development,and nutrient contents in *** seedlings under Cd ***,a synergistic effect was observed when these seedlings were co-inoculated with *** and Pseudopyrenochaeta sp.,as indicated by significantly greater measurements in various indicators compared to both the single and non-inoculation *** inoculation effectively regulated the antioxidant defense responses and photosynthesis of *** seedlings subjected to Cd stress,particularly in the co-inoculation *** addition,fungal inoculation facilitated the Cd accumulation in ***,suggesting a promising potential for the implementation of bioremediation strategies in the areas contaminated with heavy *** findings from this study indicate that the utilization of root symbiotic fungi obtained from stress environments could potentially enhance the growth performance and tolerance of *** towards heavy metals,and co-inoculation of both fungal groups may result in even more pronounced synergistic effects on the overall fitness of the plant.

关键词： antioxidant defense response colonization rate fungal inoculation heavy metal tolerance physiological parameter root symbiotic fungi soil property

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Understanding inter-term fossil energy consumption pathways in China based on sustainable development goals

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第3期15卷 272-283页

作者： Xiaoxiao Zhou Fangyuan Xie Hui li Chenbin zheng Xin Zhao School of Finance Anhui University of Finance and EconomicsBengbu 233030China School of Economics Shandong University of Finance and EconomicsJinan 250002China School of Economics Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China School of Statistics and Applied Mathematics Anhui University of Finance and EconomicsBengbu 233030China

Sustainable development goals(SDGs)and fossil energy are the core elements of almost all major challenges and opportunities for achieving social ***,energy sustainability has become one of the pivotal drivers of China’s *** study constructed a comprehensive evaluation index system for the provincial-level sustainable development of fossil energy in China covering three major dimensions(socio-economic,resource,and environmental).Moreover,a set of criteria for measuring the SDGs of fossil energy at the national level in China was *** on the provincial panel data collected from 30 provinces from 2010 through 2019,a spatial econometric model was applied to empirically evaluate the effects of SDGs on fossil energy *** results showed that the SDGs not only promote the reduction of fossil energy consumption with substantial negative spatial spillover effects,but also revealed differences between northern and southern *** promote the early achievement of sustainable fossil energy development in China,the transformation and upgradation of fossil energy systems should be conducted early and inter-regional cooperation should be strengthened according to local conditions to jointly achieve the SDGs.

关键词： Sustainable development goals Fossil energy consumption Spatial Durbin model Spillover effects

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Modeling of Rectangular Microchannel Heat Sink with Non-Uniform Channels and Multi-Objective Optimization

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第5期33卷 1701-1711页

作者： SHANG Xueshuo WANG Yixin li Qingwen WANG Rui CUI zheng SHAO Wei Institute of Advanced Technology Shandong UniversityJi'nan 250014China Institute of Thermal Science and Technology Shandong UniversityJi'nan 250014China Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology Ji'nan 250100China

Rectangular microchannel heat sinks(MCHS)are widely used to cool high-heat-flux electronic ***,previous studies focused mainly on MCHS with uniform channels(UCs).This study considers a microchannel heat sink with non-uniform channels(NUCs).A mathematical model is developed based on energy equations and the Darcy flow *** expressions for total thermal resistance and coolant pressure drop are derived using the thermoelectric *** and numerical simulations are performed to verify the mathematical *** non-uniformity increases,total coolant pressure drop decreases but at the cost of higher thermal *** overall performance of NUCs is better than that of UCs because of their lower ratio of pumping power to cooling *** transfer performance of NUCs changes little for more than 120 channels and depends mainly on channel arrangement.A multi-objective optimization is conducted to minimize the thermal resistance and pumping power of an *** optimal NUC saves 64%pumping power compared with a conventional UC for the total thermal resistance of 0.1℃/W,indicating that the use of non-uniform channels could be very helpful to reduce the flow resistance of MCHS.

关键词： microchannel heat sink non-uniform channel mathematical model multi-objective optimization

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Convexification of Hybrid AC-DC Optimal Power Flow with line-Commutated Converters

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 617-628页

作者： Hongyuan liang Zhigang li J.H.zheng Q.H.Wu School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

line-commutated converter (LCC)-based high-voltage DC (HVDC) systems have been integrated with bulk AC power grids for interregional transmission of renewable power. The nonlinear LCC model brings additional nonconvexity to optimal power flow (OPF) of hybrid AC-DC power grids. A convexification method for the LCC station model could address such nonconvexity but has rarely been discussed. We devise an equivalent reformulation for classical LCC station models that facilitates second-order cone convex relaxation for the OPF of LCC-based AC-DC power grids. We also propose sufficient conditions for exactness of convex relaxation with its proof. Equivalence of the proposed LCC station models and properties, exactness, and effectiveness of convex relaxation are verified using four numerical simulations. Simulation results demonstrate a globally optimal solution of the original OPF can be efficiently obtained from relaxed model.

关键词： AC-DC power system convex relaxation linecommutated converter optimal power flow second-order cone programming

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Improving strength-ductility synchronously of Electron beam welded Ti600/Ti2AlNb joint through isothermal forging

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第3期34卷 532-539页

作者： Yongqiang Zhang Xiangyi Xue Guoming zheng Jingli Zhang Huiming li Shewei Xin State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an Qin Ti Intelligent Manufacturing Technologies Co.Ltd. Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research Xi'an University of Science and Technology Avic Xi'an Aircraft Industry Group Company Ltd.

Different alloys can be flexibly combined to meet the performance needs of different parts of the compressor disc by welding process. However, achieving a good combination of dissimilar alloys with different mechanical properties has always been a research difficulty. In this work, a Ti600/Ti2AlNb joint was fabricated through electron beam welding and an isothermal forging was used to optimized its microstructure and mechanical performance. The isothermal forging process increases the ultimate tensile strength（UST） and yield strength（YS）of the Ti600/Ti2AlNb joint by ～18 %, while ～2.5 times the ductility. It is indicated that before forging, the Ti600/Ti2AlNb joint exhibits a much lower strength than that of Ti600 matrix, whereas the opposite is true after isothermal forging. The isothermal forging broken the coarse columnar grains of Ti600/Ti2AlNb joint and render to an equiaxed B2 structure in which the acicular α2and O phase are precipitated, resulting a synchronous enhancement of strength and ductility. This work may pave an effective routine for improving the comprehensive mechanical properties of dissimilar metal welding joint.

关键词： Electron beam welding Isothermal forging Mechanical performance Ti600/Ti2AlNb joint

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Experimental investigation on coal pore-fracture variation and fractal characteristics synergistically affected by solvents for improving clean gas extraction

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第3期34卷 413-425页

作者： Feilin Han Sheng Xue Chunshan zheng Zhongwei Chen Guofu li Bingyou Jiang Key Laboratory of Safe and Effective Coal Mining of Ministry of Education Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China School of Safety Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering University of QueenslandQLD 4072Australia State Key Laboratory of Coal and Coalbed Methane Co-Mining Jincheng 048012China

Chemical solvents instead of pure water being as hydraulic fracturing fluid could effectively increase permeability and improve clean methane extraction ***,pore-fracture variation features of lean coal synergistically affected by solvents have not been fully *** testing,nuclear magnetic resonance analysis,liquid phase mass spectrometry was adopted to comprehensively analyze pore-fracture change characteristics of lean coal treated by combined solvent(NMP and CS_(2)).Meanwhile,quantitative characterization of above changing properties was conducted using geometric fractal *** model between permeability,fractal dimension and porosity were *** indicate that the end face fractures of coal are well developed after CS2and combined solvent treatments,of which,end face box-counting fractal dimensions range from 1.1227 to *** decreases in ultrasonic longitudinal wave velocity of coal affected by NMP,CS_(2)and combined solvent are 2.700%,20.521%,22.454%,*** treatments could lead to increasing amount of both mesopores and *** ratio of fractal dimension Dsis 0.259%–2.159%,while permeability increases ratio of NMR ranges from 0.1904 to ***,combined solvent could dissolve coal polar and non-polar small molecules and expand flow *** could provide reference for solvent selection and parameter optimization of permeability-enhancement technology.

关键词： Clean gas extraction Chemical solvent Experimental investigation Fractal characteristics Pore fracture

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Two material removal modes in chemical mechanical polishing:mechanical plowing *** bonding

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Friction 2024年第5期12卷 897-905页

作者： Yuan WU liang JIANG Wenhui li Jiaxin zheng Yushan CHEN linmao QIAN Tribology Research Institute State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle SystemSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China

With the rapid development of semiconductors,the number of materials needed to be polished sharply *** material properties vary significantly,posing challenges to chemical mechanical polishing(CMP).Accordingly,the study aimed to classify the material removal *** on the CMP and atomic force microscopy results,the six representative metals can be preliminarily classified into two groups,presumably due to different material removal *** the tribology perspective,the first group of Cu,Co,and Ni may mainly rely on the mechanical plowing *** adding H_(2)O_(2),corrosion can be first enhanced and then suppressed,affecting the surface mechanical ***,the material removal rate(MRR)and the surface roughness increase and *** comparison,the second group of Ta,Ru,and Ti may primarily depend on the chemical bonding *** H_(2)O_(2)can promote oxidation,increasing interfacial chemical ***,the MRR increases,and the surface roughness decreases and levels *** addition,CMP can be regulated by tuning the synergistic effect of oxidation,complexation,and dissolution for mechanical plowing,while tuning the synergistic effect of oxidation and ionic strength for chemical *** findings provide mechanistic insight into the material removal mechanism in CMP.

关键词： Chemical mechanical polishing corrosion wear material removal mode mechanical plowing chemical bonding

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Performance Enhancement of Parabolic Trough Collector by Using Homogenizer and Spiral

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 658-674页

作者： li Peijing liU Taixiu QIN Yuanlong zheng Zhimei ZHAO Kai liU Qibin School of Energy Powerand Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing100049China Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027China Research Institute of Science and Technology of China Three Gorges Group Corporation Beijing100038China

In conventional parabolic trough collectors(PTCs),sunlight is concentrated at the bottom of the absorber tube,resulting in a significant circumferential temperature gradient across the absorber tube,heat loss and thermal deformation,which affects the safety and thermal performance of *** this study,a new receiver with homogenizer and spiral(RHS) is proposed,achieving the optical and thermal synergy to ameliorate the thermal deformation of the absorber tube and enhance thermal efficiency.A plane structure homogenizer is designed to improve uniformity of the concentrated solar flux of absorber tube through second *** combination with the spiral,it improves the optical-thermal efficiency of the PTC by enhancing heat exchange between the fluid and the backlight side of the absorber *** performance of the collector is numerically studied by building a three-dimensional coupled light-thermal-structure *** results show that the thermal deformation of the RHS is reduced by more than 96% and the optical-thermal efficiency is improved by 1.2%-0.63% compared with conventional receivers(CRs) under the same inlet temperature *** proposed receiver is validated to be effective in reducing thermal deformation and improving optical-thermal efficiency.

关键词： parabolic trough collector homogenizer thermal deformation spiral

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Suppressed Internal Intrinsic Stress Engineering in High-Performance Ni-Rich Cathode Via Multi layered In Situ Coating Structure

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 58-66页

作者： Jiachao Yang Yunjiao li Xiaoming Xi Junchao zheng Jian Yu Zhenjiang He School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Changsha Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Changsha 410083China Ningbo Ronbay New Energy Technol Co Ltd Tanjialing East Rd 39Ningbo 315400China

liNi_(x)Co_(y)Al_(z)O_(2)(NCA)cathode materials are drawing widespread attention,but the huge gap between the ideal and present cyclic stability still hinders their further commercial application,especially for the Ni-rich liNi_(x)Co_(y)Al_(z)O_(2)(x>0.8,x+y+z=1)cathode material,which is owing to the structural degradation and particles'intrinsic *** tackle the problems,li_(0.5)La_(2)Al_(0.5)O_(4)in situ coated and Mn compensating doped multilayer liNi_(0.82)Co_(0.14)Al_(0.04)O_(2)was *** refinement indicates that La-Mn co-modifying could realize appropriate li/Ni disorder *** results and in situ XRD patterns reveal that the LLAO coating layer could effectively restrain crack in secondary particles benefited from the suppressed internal *** further improves as NCA-LM2 has superior mechanical *** SEM,TEM,XPS tests indicate that the cycled cathode with LLAO-Mn modification displays a more complete morphology and less side reaction with *** was used to further investigate cathode-electrolyte interface which was reflected by gas ***-LM2 releases less CO_(2)than NCA-P indexing on a more stable *** modified material presents outstanding capacity retention of 96.2%after 100 cycles in the voltage range of 3.0-4.4 V at 1C,13%higher than that of the pristine and 80.8%at 1 C after 300 *** excellent electrochemical performance could be attributed to the fact that the high chemically stable coating layer of li_(0.5)La_(2)Al_(0.5)O_(4)(LLAO)could enhance the interface and the Mn doping layer could suppress the influence of the lattice mismatch and *** believe that it can be a useful strategy for the modification of Ni-rich cathode material and other advanced functional material.

关键词： compensating doped in situ coating multilayer material Ni-rich cathode materials suppressed internal strain

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