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Challenges and Suggestions of Ethical Review on Clinical Research Involving Brain-Computer Interfaces

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2024年第2期39卷 131-139页

作者： Xue-Qin Wang hong-Qiang Sun Jia-Yue Si Zi-Yan Lin Xiao-Mei Zhai Lin lu Peking University Sixth Hospital Peking University Institute of Mental HealthNHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University)National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit(No.2018RU006)Beijing 100191China Department of Psychology University of CaliforniaDavis 95616USA Department of Psychology University of TorontoToronto M5S 1A1Canada School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking-Tsinghua Centre for Life Sciences and Peking University-International Development Group/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Brain-computer interface(BCI)technology is rapidly advancing in medical research and *** an emerging biomedical engineering technology,it has garnered significant attention in the clinical research of brain disease diagnosis and treatment,neurological rehabilitation,and mental ***,BCI also raises several challenges and ethical concerns in clinical *** this article,the authors investigate and discuss three aspects of BCI in medicine and healthcare:the state of international ethical governance,multidimensional ethical challenges pertaining to BCI in clinical research,and suggestive concerns for ethical *** the great potential of frontier BCI research and development in the field of medical care,the ethical challenges induced by itself and the complexities of clinical research and brain function have put forward new special fields for ethics in *** ensure"responsible innovation"in BCI research in healthcare and medicine,the creation of an ethical global governance framework and system,along with special guidelines for cutting-edge BCI research in medicine,is suggested.

关键词： brain-computer interface clinical research bioethics ethical governance ethical review

Molecular Chain Flexibility and Dielectric Loss at High-Frequency:Impact of Ester Bond Arrangement in Poly(ester imide)s

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第8期42卷 1122-1133页

作者： Ya-Dong Li hong Li lu-Kun Feng Feng Bao Ming-Liang Wang Cai-Zhen Zhu Zhao-Hui Zheng Xiao-Bin Ding Jian Xu Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100081China Institute of Low-Dimensional Materials Genome Initiative College of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

The evolution of high-frequency communication has accentuated the significance of controlling dielectric properties in polymer ***,it has been theorized that rigid molecular chains lead to lower dielectric ***,the validity of this proposition at high frequencies remains *** scrutinize the correlation between chain flexibility and dielectric properties,we synthesized six poly(ester imide)s(PEIs)with systematically varied molecular chain flexibilities by modifying the ester's substitution on the aromatic *** introduction of ester bonds bestowed all PEI films with a low dielectric dissipation factor(D_(f)),ranging from 0.0021 to 0.0038 at 10 GHz in dry *** dry D_(f)displayed a pattern consistent with volume polarizability(P/V).Unexpectedly,PI-mmm-T,featu ring the most flexible molecular chain,exhibited the lowest dielectric loss under both dry(0.0021@10 GHz)and hygroscopic(0.0029@10 GHz)***,the observed increase in D_(f)after humidity absorption suggests that the high dielectric loss of PEI in applications may be attributed to its hygroscopic *** simulations and characterization of the aggregation structure revealed that the smaller cavities within flexible molecular chains,after close stacking,impede the entry of water *** sacrificing high-temperature resistance,the precursor exhibited enhanced solubility properties and could be processed into high-quality *** research unveils new insights into the relationship between flexibility and highfrequency dielectric loss,offering innovative perspectives on synthesizing aromatic polymers with exceptional dielectric properties.

关键词： 5G communications Poly(ester imide)s Molecular chain flexibility Dielectric properties Humidity absorption

The current situation of semen analysis in China,based on a survey of 296 laboratories

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 220-221页

作者： Long-Long Fu Ying Liu Xiao-Wei Wang Fang Zhou Ying Guo Wen-hong lu Yi-Qun Gu National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Health Reproductive Health Research CenterNational Research Institute for Family PlanningBeijing 100081China Institute of Pediatric Research Children's Hospitalof Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215025China

Dear Editor,Semen analysis is a basic test to assess male fertility and is a fundamental test in assisted reproductive *** the first publication of World Health Organization(WHO)Laboratory Manual of Human Semen and Sperm-Cervical Mucus Interaction in 1980,to the publication of the WHO Manual,6th edition in 2021,these 40 years have been recognized as providing a global standard that is widely used in research and clinical laboratories *** WHO Manual,6th edition in Chinese,which we have been authorized by the WHO to translate,will be published soon.

关键词： technology. analysis translate

Dexmedetomidine ameliorates diabetic intestinal injury by promoting the polarization of M2 macrophages through the MMP23B pathway

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1962-1978页

作者： Man lu Xiao-Wen Guo Fang-Fang Zhang Dan-hong Wu Di Xie Feng-Qin luo Department of Anesthesiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University(Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine)Hangzhou 310006Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Emergency Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China

BACKGROUND Diabetes is often associated with gastrointestinal dysfunctions,which can lead to ***(DEX)is a commonly used sedative in perioperative diabetic patients and may affect gastrointestinal *** To investigate whether sedative doses of DEX alleviate diabetes-caused intestinal *** Sedation/anesthesia scores and vital signs of streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic mice under DEX sedation were *** mice were divided into saline and DEX *** injecting sedatives intraperitoneally,tight junctions(TJs)and apoptotic levels were evaluated 24 hours later to assess the intestinal barrier *** role of DEX was validated using Villin-MMP23B flox/flox mice with intestinal epithelial *** vitro,high glucose and hyperosmolarity were used to culture Caco-2 monolayer cells with STZ *** techniques were used to monitor the barrier and mitochondrial *** MMP23B protein levels in the intestinal tissue of STZ-induced diabetic mice were significantly higher than those in the intestinal tissue of control mice,with the DEX group displaying decreased MMP23B ***-mediated TJ disruption,increased intestinal mucosal permeability,and systemic inflammation in wild-type mice might be reversed by *** Caco-2 cells,MMP23B was associated with increased reactive oxygen species accumulation,mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization,and TJ *** DEX reduces MMP23B,which may potentially contribute to STZ-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction,affecting TJ modification through mitochondrial dysfunction.

关键词： Diabetes Dexmedetomidine Intestinal barrier Piezo1 Tight junctions

Feedback enhanced tumor targeting delivery of albumin-based nanomedicine to amplify photodynamic therapy by regulating AMPK signaling and inhibiting GSTs

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 481-485页

作者： Jiaqi Huang Renjiang Kong Yanmei Li Ni Yan Yeyang Wu Ziwen Qiu Zhenming lu Xiaona Rao Shiying Li hong Cheng School of Biomedical Engineering&Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 511436China

Oxidative therapies receive a limited antitumor efficiency due to the insufficient reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels at focal sites and the evolvement of antioxidant defense ***,we develop an albumin-based nanomedicine to co-deliver chlorin e6(Ce6)and COH-SR4(CS),which can simultaneously enhance the yield and lethality of intracellular ROS for amplified photodynamic therapy(PDT).In which,CS acts as both an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and an inhibitor of glutathione S-transferases(GSTs).Benefiting from it,the prepared HSA-Ce6@COH-SR4(HCCS)enables positive feed-back uptake by promoting AMPK phosphorylation,leading to rapid and extensive tumor accumulation of *** a result,HCCS obviously increases the ROS production to elevate intracellular oxidative ***,HCCS can inhibit GSTs to disturb the antioxidant defense system of tumor cells,intensifying the oxidative damage of ***,the PDT of HCCS is significantly strengthened by improving the ROS yield and lethality,which greatly declines the proliferation of breast cancer in *** study may open a window in the development of drug co-delivery system for enhanced oxidative therapy of tumors.

关键词： Human serum albumin Drug delivery Reactive oxygen species Positive feedback uptake Oxidative damage

Broadband and fabrication-tolerant 3-dB couplers with topological valley edge modes

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1623-1630页

作者： Guo-Jing Tang Xiao-Dong Chen lu Sun Chao-Heng Guo Meng-Yu Li Zhong-Tao Tian Hou-hong Chen hong-Wei Wang Qi-Yao Sun Ying-Di Pan Xin-Tao He Yi-Kai Su Jian-Wen Dong School of Physics&State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Department of Electronic EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

3-dB couplers,which are commonly used in photonic integrated circuits for on-chip information processing,precision measurement,and quantum computing,face challenges in achieving robust performance due to their limited 3-dB bandwidths and sensitivity to fabrication *** address this,we introduce topological physics to nanophotonics,developing a framework for topological 3-dB *** couplers exhibit broad working wavelength range and robustness against fabrication dimensional *** leveraging valley-Hall topology and mirror symmetry,the photonic-crystal-slab couplers achieve ideal 3-dB splitting characterized by a wavelength-insensitive scattering *** analysis confirms the superiority on broad bandwidth of 48 nm and robust splitting against dimensional errors of 20 *** further propose a topological interferometer for on-chip distance measurement,which also exhibits robustness against dimensional *** extension of topological principles to the fields of interferometers,may open up new possibilities for constructing robust wavelength division multiplexing,temperature-drift-insensitive sensing,and optical coherence tomography applications.

关键词： topological splitting insensitive

Highly efficient and stable electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution by molybdenum doped Ni-Co phosphide nanoneedles at high current density

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1066-1074页

作者： Chengyu Huang Zhonghong Xia Jing Wang Jing Zhang Chenfei Zhao Xingli Zou Shichun Mu Jiujun Zhang Xionggang lu hong Jin Fan Shengjuan Huo Yufeng Zhao College of Sciences&Institute for Sustainable Energy Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource ReuseYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798

There is an increasingly urgent need to develop cost-effective electrocatalysts with high catalytic activity and stability as alternatives to the traditional Pt/C in catalysts in water *** this study,microspheres composed of Mo-doped NiCoP nanoneedles supported on nickel foam were prepared to address this *** results show that the nanoneedles provide sufficient active sites for efficient electron transfer;the small-sized effect and the micro-scale roughness enhance the entry of reactants and the release of hydrogen bubbles;the Mo doping effectively improves the electrocatalytic performance of NiCoP in alkaline *** catalyst exhibits low hydrogen evolution overpotentials of 38.5 and 217.5 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2) and high current density of 500 mA·cm^(-2),respectively,and only 1.978 V is required to achieve a current density of 1000 mA·cm^(-2) for overall water *** functional theory(DFT)calculations show that the improved hydrogen evolution performance can be explained as a result of the Mo doping,which serves to reduce the interaction between NiCoP and intermediates,optimize the Gibbs free energy of hydrogen adsorption(△G_(*H)),and accelerate the desorption rate of **** study provides a promising solution to the ongoing challenge of designing efficient electrocatalysts for high-current-density hydrogen production.

关键词： transition metal phosphides Mo-doped NiCoP hydrogen evolution reaction gradient hydrothermal water splitting

Chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab for small cell lung cancer with brain metastases:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 405-411页

作者： hong-Yu Yang Yu-Qing Xia Yu-Jia Hou Peng Xue Shi-Jie Zhu Dian-Rong lu Department of Oncology Wangjing HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100102China Department of Oncology Tianjin University of Chinese MedicineTianjin 300000China Department of Electrothermal Acupuncture Wangjing HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100102China Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Sihui Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineBeijing 100102China

BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is a common and aggressive subtype of lung *** is characterized by rapid growth and a high mortality *** 10%of patients with SCLC present with brain metastases at the time of diagnosis,which is associated with a median survival of 5 *** study aimed to summarize the effect of bevacizumab on the progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival of patients with brain metastasis of *** SUMMARY A 62-year-old man was referred to our hospital in February 2023 because of dizziness and numbness of the right lower extremity without headache or fever for more than four *** patient was diagnosed with limited-stage *** received 8 cycles of chemotherapy combined with maintenance bevacizumab therapy and achieved a PFS of over 7 *** The combination of bevacizumab and irinotecan effectively alleviated brain metastasis in SCLC and prolonged PFS.

关键词： Small cell lung cancer Bevacizumab Brain metastasis Antineoplastic agents Target therapies Immunotherapy Radiotherapy Case report

Sustainable and practical semi-heterogeneous photosynthesis of 5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazoles over WS_(2)/TEMPO

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 250-253页

作者： Jia-Cheng Hou hong-Tao Ji Yu-Han lu Jia-Sheng Wang Yao-Dan Xu Yan-Yan Zeng Wei-Min He School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China

An eco-friendly and practical method for the clean preparation of 5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazoles was *** WS_(2)as the semiconductor photocatalyst,both TEMPO and O_(2)(in air)as the redox catalysts,a variety of thiadiazoles were semi-heterogeneously formed in high to quantitative yields and could be easily collected by CPME extraction and ***,the catalytic system can be reusable for at least 5 reaction runs.

关键词： Green chemistry Thiadiazoles Heterogeneous catalyst Redox catalyst Extraction