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Understanding the importance of autophagy in human diseases using Drosophila

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2019年第4期46卷 157-169页

作者： Arindam Bhattacharjee áron Szabó Tamás Csizmadia Hajnalka Laczkó-dobos Gábor Juhász Institute of Genetics Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Department of Anatomy Cell and Developmental BiologyE€otv€os Loránd University

Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent intracellular degradation pathway that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various human diseases, either positively or negatively impacting disease outcomes depending on the specific context. The majority of medical conditions including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, infections and immune system disorders and inflammatory bowel disease could probably benefit from therapeutic modulation of the autophagy machinery. Drosophila represents an excellent model animal to study disease mechanisms thanks to its sophisticated genetic toolkit, and the conservation of human disease genes and autophagic processes. Here, we provide an overview of the various autophagy pathways observed both in flies and human cells(macroautophagy, microautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy), and discuss Drosophila models of the above-mentioned diseases where fly research has already helped to understand how defects in autophagy genes and pathways contribute to the relevant pathomechanisms.

关键词： Drosophila Neurodegeneration Alzheimer’s disease Parkinson’s disease Cancer Inflammatory bowel disease Autophagy

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Paws the Clever Pup

英语大王 2014年第Z1期 12-17页

作者： dobos Edit

Paws Arrives Presto the wizard(巫师),Rusty the boar(野猪),Buzz the bee and Morose the cat lived in a forest *** an autumn evening,they were sitting out in the open*.Rusty asked Presto about their new friend,"Presto,when will Paws arrive?""He will be here in the morning,"said Presto."He is a clever and kind little pup."Early in the morning,everyone was still asleep*.

关键词：小助手过去式

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Two Dogs

英语大王 2014年第Z2期 12-17页

作者： dobos Edit

Presto the wizard(巫师)ran into the room with his magic ball and said,"I saw him!I saw Paws!"*The others(其他人)were very excited*.They came to look into the magic ball."What are you looking for*in my ball?"asked Presto."Paws,of course*!"they answered."In my magic ball?But I saw him through(通过)the window."Paws walked through the door."Paws,we are so glad to see you!"Everyone was very happy.

关键词： Two Dogs

The Model of Western Integrative Medicine:The Role of Chinese Medicine

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2011年第1期17卷 11-20页

作者： Gustav dobos Iven Tao Department of Complementary and Integrative Medicine University of Duisburg-EssenKliniken Essen MitteKnappschafts-KrankenhausAm Deimelsberg 34a45276 EssenGermany

The basic concept of integrative medicine（IM） is that by combining mainstream（biomedicine） with complementary and alternative medicine（CAM）, synergistic therapeutic effects can be *** the methods of mind/body medicine（MBM） are added to this combination,as in Western countries,a new concept emerges that drastically changes the approach toward illness. It is interesting to note that the joining of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the early days of the Peoples＇ Republic of China preceded the Western model of IM by almost 50 *** elements that make up the key components of IM as practiced today in the West were already present in the Chinese version of IM,and Chinese medicine has played and continues to play an important role in advancing ***,one of the major differences between the Chinese and the Western models of IM today,besides MBM and some other treatment options,is that Western integrative medicine（WIM） strictly requires its CAM methods to be supported by scientific evidence. The therapeutic methods of IM and their applications are many and ***,they are most frequently employed to treat chronic medical conditions,e.g.,bronchial asthma,rheumatic disease, chronic inflammatory bowel disorder and chronic *** fields in which IM may be applied are internal medicine（inflammatory bowel diseases and cardiovascular diseases）,musculoskeletal disorders,oncology （chemotherapy-induced side effects）,obstetrics and gynecology（dysmenorrhea,endometriosis,infertility and menopausal complaints）,pediatrics,geriatrics,neurology（migraine and chronic headache）,and psychiatry （anxiety and depression）. The concept of WIM is discussed here in detail by reviewing its scope and implications for the practice of medicine and focusing on the role of Chinese medicine in WIM.

关键词： integrative medicine complementary and alternative medicine traditional Chinese medicine integrative oncology evidence-based medicine Chinese herbal medicine acupuncture

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