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Riverine sulfate sources and behaviors in arid environment,Northwest China:Constraints from sulfur and oxygen isotopes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 716-731页

作者： Yifu xu Wenjing Liu Bing xu Zhifang xu Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The fate of riverine sulfate ion (SO_(4)^(2-)) and its environmental effects in arid environment are difficult to evaluate due to its complicated sources and strongly coupled behaviors with water cycle which is significantly modified by humans.To understand the sulfur cycle in aquatic systems in arid environment,the chemical and sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions (δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)) of major rivers around the Badain Jaran Desert,northwestern China,were investigated.These rivers had averaged SO_(4)^(2-)content at 1336μmol/L,over 10times higher than the global average.The δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)values ranged from-5.3‰to+11.8‰and+1.6‰to+12.8‰,respectively.The end-member analysis and the inverse model showed that riverine sulfate was mainly derived from evaporites dissolution (0-87%),sulfide oxidation (13%-100%) and precipitation (0-33%),indicating heterogeneity in sulfur sources and behaviors along the river drainage with the lithology variations and climate gradients.Multiple isotopic tools combining with hydro-chemistry compositions could be applied to reveal sulfur cycle in arid environment.Based on the calculation,sulfide oxidation plays the primary role in the headwater and upstream in the Qilian-Mountains area,where sulfide is widely exposed.While the proportion of evaporites dissolution contributing to riverine sulfate is much higher in downstream in a drier environment.Besides,less precipitation and higher temperature can lead to more intensive evaporation,affecting the process of sulfide oxidation and enhancing the rates of evaporites dissolution and sulfate precipitation in the basin.

关键词： Sulfur and oxygen isotopes Source apportionment Inverse model Arid environment Inland rivers Northwestern China

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复合微生物菌剂对毛竹土壤细菌群落结构的影响

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福建农业学报 2024年第4期39卷 438-447页

作者：袁宗胜闽江学院地理与海洋学院

【目的】探究复合微生物菌剂[产气肠杆菌（Enterobacter aerogenes）CT-B09-2、解淀粉芽孢杆菌（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）JL-B06和乙酸钙不动杆菌（Acinetobacter calcoaceticus）WYS-A01-1]对毛竹土壤细菌群落结构和多样性的影响。【方法】以毛竹（Phyllostachys edulis）实生幼苗为研究对象，采用灌根的方式施用复合微生物菌剂，30 d后采集毛竹幼苗根际与非根际土壤样本，测定土壤理化性质，提取土壤总DNA并进行16S rRNA高通量测序，分析复合微生物菌剂对土壤细菌群落结构和多样性的影响。【结果】复合微生物菌剂可以有效提升土壤中速效磷的含量，调控土壤pH，提高根际土壤中物质代谢和碳化合物分解相关的功能活性。毛竹根际与非根际土壤共检测出26门、65纲、158目、253科、448属、674种微生物，主要优势菌门包括变形菌门Proteobacteria、拟杆菌门Firmicutes、放线菌门Actinobacteriota、酸杆菌门Acidobacteriota、绿弯菌门Chloroflexi等。施用复合微生物菌剂后，毛竹根际土壤微生物群落物种数目显著上升，非根际土壤样本无显著变化。【结论】复合微生物菌剂可以调节土壤矿质元素，改善土壤pH，调控细菌微生物群落组成。

关键词：微生物菌剂毛竹土壤细菌群落多样性

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MR-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for drug-resistant lesional epilepsy:a single-center experience

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2023年第4期9卷 258-266页

作者： Hongchuan Niu Kai Li Xiaoning Liang Desheng Kong Zongze Li Fengqiao Sun Xianzeng Liu zongsheng xu xuejiao Wei Shuang Lan Changyu Lu Department of Neurosurgery Peking University International HospitalBeijingChina Department of Neurosurgery PKUCare Zibo HospitalShandongChina Department of Neurology Peking University International HospitalBeijingChina Department of Neurosurgery Peking University InternationalNo.1 Shengmingyuan RoadZhongguancun Life Science ParkChangping DistrictBeijing 102206China

Background To describe and report the efficacy and safety of MR-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy(MRgLITT)in the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy.Methods A retrospective review of all MRgLITT procedures in our hospital was performed.All procedures were performed using a surgical laser ablation system.Demographic and outcome data were compiled and analyzed.Results A total of 19 patients underwent MRgLITT procedures from June 2021 to November 2021.The average age at surgery was 18.1 years(3-61.4 years).The average length of hospitalization post-surgery was 4.95 days(4-7 days).Surgical substrates included 8 patients with hypothalamic hamartomas,5 with medial temporal lobe epilepsy,3 with deep focal cortical dysplasia,1 with tuberous sclerosis,1 with a cavernous malformation,and 1 with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome who underwent anterior corpus callosotomy.Complications occurred in three patients.After an average follow-up of 1 year,6 patients were seizure-free(Engel I,31.6%),1 had significant seizure control(Engel II,5.3%),7 had seizure control(Engel III,36.8%),and 5 had no improvement in their seizures(Engel IV,26.3%).Fisher’s exact tests did not reveal statistical significance for the association between Engel class outcome and epileptic disease.Conclusion This study confirmed that MRgLITT,as a method for treating drug-resistant epilepsy,is minimally invasive,safe,and efficient and that it can reduce the incidence of surgery-related complications.

关键词： Laser MRgLITT Epilepsy

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客观赋权对快捷货运各方式间临界运距影响分析

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交通运输系统工程与信息 2024年第2期24卷 45-52页

作者：孙宗胜帅斌杨俊杰许旻昊西南交通大学交通运输与物流学院成都611756 西南交通大学综合交通运输智能化国家地方联合工程实验室成都611756 西南交通大学综合交通大数据应用技术国家工程实验室成都611756

我国交通运输已由各方式间独立发展向一体化融合发展转变,快捷货物运输是综合交通运输融合发展的新兴关键领域,其各运输方式间临界运距的研究对合理运输结构的确定具有重要意义。针对既有研究对于临界运距问题主观赋权的不足,本文首先... 详细信息

我国交通运输已由各方式间独立发展向一体化融合发展转变,快捷货物运输是综合交通运输融合发展的新兴关键领域,其各运输方式间临界运距的研究对合理运输结构的确定具有重要意义。针对既有研究对于临界运距问题主观赋权的不足,本文首先基于快捷货运分担率模型建立临界运距与服务属性及权重系数表达式,然后基于CRITIC(Criteria Importance Though Intercriteria Correlation)法对权重系数进行客观测算,最后通过实例进行模型分析验证及结果对比。实例结果表明:客观赋权法可以使各服务属性权重系数随运距增加而产生异质性;经济性在300~400 km和900~1100 km内波动幅度最大;便捷性与经济性的运距临界点为327 km,其重要程度随运距增加会高于经济性;客观赋权对快捷货运各方式间临界运距的影响主要体现在高铁快运绝对优势运距区间的扩大,由主观赋权下700~1500 km转变为400~2000 km。

关键词：综合运输临界运距客观赋权快捷货物 CRITIC法

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Biohythane production from two-stage anaerobic digestion of food waste:A review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 334-349页

作者： Xiaona An Ying xu Xiaohu Dai State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China

The biotransformation of food waste(FW)to bioenergy has attracted considerable research attention as a means to address the energy crisis and waste disposal problems.To this end,a promising technique is two-stage anaerobic digestion(TSAD),in which the FW is transformed to biohythane,a gaseous mixture of biomethane and biohydrogen.This review summarises the main characteristics of FW and describes the basic principle of TSAD.Moreover,the factors influencing the TSAD performance are identified,and an overview of the research status;economic aspects;and strategies such as pre-treatment,co-digestion,and regulation of microbial consortia to increase the biohythane yield from TSAD is provided.Additionally,the challenges and future considerations associated with the treatment of FW by TSAD are highlighted.This paper can provide valuable reference for the improvement and widespread implementation of TSAD-based FW treatment.

关键词： Two-stage anaerobic digestion(TSAD) Food waste(FW) Methane production Hydrogen production

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Identification of high oxygen-consuming substances in stormwater drainage systems illicitly connected with sewage system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 132-140页

作者： Chen xu Zuxin xu Wenhai Chu Shanshan Wu Rong Xiao Lei Su State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Guangzhou Resource Environmental Protection Technology Co. Ltd.Guangzhou 510030China

The dissolved oxygen content in water is an important indicator for assessing the quality of the water environment,and maintaining a certain amount of dissolved oxygen is essential for the healthy development of the ecological environment.When a water body is anoxic,the activity of anaerobic microorganisms increases and organic matter is decomposed to produce a large number of blackening and odorizing substances,resulting in black and odorous water bodies,which is a very common and typical phenomenon in China.Presently,there is still a relatively universal occurrence of illicitly connected stormwater and sewage pipes in the urban drainage pipe network in China,which makes oxygen-consuming substances be directly discharged into rivers through stormwater pipes and consume the dissolved oxygen in the water bodies,resulting in an oxygen deficiency of the water.This induces seasonal or year-round black and stink phenomena in urban rivers.Hence,identifying high oxygen-consuming substances,which lays the foundation for the subsequent removal of oxygen-consuming substances,is essential.Through a series of comparisons of water quality indicators and analysis of organic characteristics,it was found that the oxygen consumption capacity of domestic sewage was higher than that of industrial wastewater in the selected area of this study,and the oxygen-consuming substances of domestic sewage were small molecular amino acids.By comparing 20 conventional free amino acids,it was found that seven of them consumed oxygen easily,and compared with chemical oxygen consumption,biological oxygen consumption was in a leading position.

关键词： Urban drainage system Oxygen-consuming substances Domestic sewage Amino acid

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Aldehyde oxidase mediated enantioselective metabolic health risk of dinotefuran

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2079-2091页

作者： Liwei xu Xinxin xu Hua Kuang Chuanlai xu Xiaoling Wu State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China

Chiral pollutants often pose significant differential environmental health risks.In this study,the biotransformation of chiral dinotefuran(DIN)and its enantioselective metabolic toxicity mechanisms have been systemically investigated.Firstly,reversedphase chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was developed to quantify the content of DIN R/S chiral enantiomer with pg level sensitivity,revealing a lower elimination rate constant(K_(e))of S-DIN(0.730 h^(-1))than R-DIN(0.746 h^(-1)).Secondly,the interaction mechanism between DIN metabolism and important endogenous bioactive molecules,such as aldehyde oxidase(AOX)and neurotransmitters,was revealed.The DIN nitro-group was converted into a guanidine group by the reducing site of nearby flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)in AOX with the preferred higher affinity of S-configuration.Meanwhile,the endogenous tryptophan(Trp)aldehyde metabolic intermediate,5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde(5-HIAL),provides a persistent electron donor for DIN reduction via the oxidation-catalyzed site in AOX,resulting in remarkable up-regulation of monoamine neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine.Thirdly,the higher level of neurotransmitters further mediated dysregulation of oxylipin homeostasis via the serotonergic pathway,where S-DIN exhibited more pronounced liver lipid damage and environmental health risk with the accumulated lipid biomarkers,oxidized triglyceride(OxTG)and oxidized sphingomyelin(OxSM).This study elucidates the AOX-mediated enantioselectivity metabolic pathway of DIN,providing a new analytical method for chiral pollutants and paves the way for their health risk assessments.

关键词： neonicotinoid dinotefuran enantiomer aldehyde oxidase metabolomics health risk

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Mapping super-resolution image quality

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 178-180页

作者： Megan A.Steves Ke xu Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA

The local quality of super-resolution microscopy images can be assessed and mapped by rolling Fourier ring correlation,even when image quality varies within a single image.

关键词： image resolution Mapping

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Controllable chemical redox reactions to couple microbial degradation for organic contaminated sites remediation:A review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 428-445页

作者： Bin Chen Jiang xu Lizhong Zhu College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Agriculture&Forest University Lin'an 311300China

Global environmental concern over organic contaminated sites has been progressively conspicuous during the process of urbanization and industrial restructuring.While traditional physical or chemical remediation technologies may significantly destroy the soil structure and function,coupling moderate chemical degradation with microbial remediation becomes a potential way for the green,economic,and efficient remediation of contaminated sites.Hence,this work systematically elucidates why and how to couple chemical technology with microbial remediation,mainly focused on the controllable redox reactions of organic contaminants.The rational design of materials structure,selective generation of reactive oxygen species,and estimation of degradation pathway are described for chemical oxidation.Meanwhile,current progress on efficient and selective reductions of organic contaminants(i.e.,dechlorination,defluorination,-NO_(2) reduction)is introduced.Combined with the microbial remediation of contaminated sites,several consideration factors of how to couple chemical and microbial remediation are proposed based on both fundamental and practical points of view.This review will advance the understanding and development of chemical-microbial coupled remediation for organic contaminated sites.

关键词： Soil remediation Groundwater remediation Rational design Reactive species Environmental nanotechnology

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Bioinspired 3D flexible devices and functional systems

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 271-295页

作者： xu Cheng Zhangming Shen Yihui Zhang Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University

Flexible devices and functional systems with elaborated three-dimensional(3D) architectures can endow better mechanical/electrical performances, more design freedom, and unique functionalities, when compared to their two-dimensional(2D) counterparts. Such 3D flexible devices/systems are rapidly evolving in three primary directions, including the miniaturization, the increasingly merged physical/artificial intelligence and the enhanced adaptability and capabilities of heterogeneous integration.Intractable challenges exist in this emerging research area, such as relatively poor controllability in the locomotion of soft robotic systems, mismatch of bioelectronic interfaces, and signal coupling in multi-parameter sensing. By virtue of long-time–optimized materials, structures and processes, natural organisms provide rich sources of inspiration to address these challenges, enabling the design and manufacture of many bioinspired 3D flexible devices/systems. In this Review, we focus on bioinspired 3D flexible devices and functional systems, and summarize their representative design concepts, manufacturing methods, principles of structure-function relationship and broad-ranging applications. Discussions on existing challenges, potential solutions and future opportunities are also provided to usher in further research efforts toward realizing bioinspired 3D flexible devices/systems with precisely programmed shapes,enhanced mechanical/electrical performances, and high-level physical/artificial intelligence.

关键词： bioinspired designs biomimetic 3D structures 3D flexible electronics 3D functional systems direct 3D manufacture 2D-to-3D assembly

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