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Relationship between multi-scale climate factors and performance of ecological engineering on the Loess Plateau, China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第3期33卷 789-800页

作者： Panxing He Jun Ma Zhiming Han Mingjie Shi Dongxiang Xu zongjiu sun Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological EngineeringNational Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze EstuarySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200438People’s Republic of China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Western Arid Region Grassland Resources and Ecology College of Grassland and Environment SciencesXinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi830052People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Hydraulic Engineering in Arid Areas Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an710077People’s Republic of China School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of QueenslandSt Lucia4072Australia

The long-term “Grain-to-Green Program” (GGP) on China’s Loess Plateau is a major global ecological engineering project which has significantly boosted vegetation renewal. Some studies have found that the rate of restoration is quite rapid during the implementation of ecological engineering, however, the influence of multi-scale climatic conditions on the performance of ecological engineering is unclear. In this study, multiple sources of remote sensing data were used to estimate the dynamics of vegetation structural and functional indicators, water-related local climatic factors, and atmospheric circulation factors. These datasets were also used to detect possible causes for vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau over the past 20 years. The results show that widespread increases in rates of normalized difference vegetation indexes (NDVI), leaf area indexes (LAI), gross primary production (GPP), and aboveground biomass carbon (ABC) during 2000–2016 were significantly higher than before 2000. GPP was significantly correlated with rainfall and surface runoff on a monthly scale, and there were significant positive correlations between GPP and atmospheric circulation. Our results demonstrate that both vegetation structural and functional indicators rapidly increase, and ecological engineering greatly accelerated vegetation restoration after 2000. Local climatic conditions and atmospheric circulation patterns enhance vegetation growth and impact of ecological engineering.

关键词： Vegetation restoration Ecological engineering Water-related climatic factors Atmospheric circulation and sunspot Loess Plateau

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Combining gradual and abrupt analysis to detect variation of vegetation greenness on the loess areas of China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2022年第2期16卷 368-380页

作者： Panxing HE zongjiu sun Dongxiang XU Huixia LIU Rui YAO Jun MA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Western Arid Region Grassland Resources and Ecology College of Grassland and Environment SciencesXinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830000China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Institute of Biodiversity ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of QueenslandQueensland 4072Australia Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The annual peak growth and trend shift of vegetation are critical in characterizing the carbon sequestration capacity of ecosystems.As the well-known area with the fastest vegetation growth in the world,the Loess Plateau(LP)lands find an enhanced greening trend in the annual and growing-season.However,the spatiotemporal dynamics of vegetation peak growth and breakpoints characteristics on time series still needs to be explored.Here,we performed tendency analysis to characterize recent variations in annual peak vegetation growth through a satellite-derived vegetation index(NDVI_(max),Maximum Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)and then applied breakpoint analysis to capture abrupt points on the time series.The results demonstrated that the vegetation peak trend had been significantly increasing,with a growth rate at 0.68×10^(-2)·a^(-1) during 2001-2018,and most pixels(70.81%)have a positive linear greening trend over the entire LP.In addition,about 83%of the breakpoint type on the monthly NDVI time series is a monotonic increase at the pixel level,and most pixels(57%)have detected breakpoints after 2010.Our results also showed that the growth rate accelerates in the northwest and decelerates in the southeast after the breakpoint.This study indicates that combining abrupt analysis with gradual analysis can describe vegetation dynamics more effectively and comprehensively.The findings highlighted the importance of breakpoint analysis for monitor timing and shift using time series satellite data at a regional scale,which may help stakeholders to make reasonable and effective ecosystem management policies.

关键词： vegetation greenness gradual trend breakpoint BFAST algorithm the Loess Plateau area

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青藏高原不同生境沙棘叶片及土壤碳、氮、磷的生态化学计量特征

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东北林业大学学报 2024年第8期52卷 110-119页

作者：杨红高文于吕庆鑫白有志阮成江丁健孙宗玖西藏农牧学院林芝860000 大连民族大学新疆农业大学

为掌握青藏高原低温区沙棘(Hippophae Linn)灌丛土壤养分分布格局及其生态化学计量特征,探究沙棘灌丛土壤养分固持能力及土壤养分限制类型。以青藏高原江孜沙棘、西藏沙棘、肋果沙棘和云南沙棘4种典型沙棘为对象,探讨不同类型沙棘叶片... 详细信息

为掌握青藏高原低温区沙棘(Hippophae Linn)灌丛土壤养分分布格局及其生态化学计量特征,探究沙棘灌丛土壤养分固持能力及土壤养分限制类型。以青藏高原江孜沙棘、西藏沙棘、肋果沙棘和云南沙棘4种典型沙棘为对象,探讨不同类型沙棘叶片及非根土、根围土0

关键词：沙棘非根土根围土土壤养分生态化学计量

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7份羊茅属种质芽期抗旱性评价

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种子 2024年第2期43卷 111-119页

作者：周晨烨李培英孙宗玖张勇娟于冰洁郑丽周磊许莹月李有政新疆农业大学草业学院乌鲁木齐830052 乌鲁木齐市园林绿化工程质量监督站(乌鲁木齐市林草种苗站) 乌鲁木齐830092 新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室乌鲁木齐830052 西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室乌鲁木齐830052

为了探究羊茅属种质芽期对逆境的胁迫能力,以沟羊茅新品系(FV)与紫羊茅常用品种传奇(CQ)、草原(CY)、梦神(MS)、北方(BF)、玉山(YS)和多花(DH)为材料,采用不同浓度PEG-6000(0、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%)模拟干旱胁迫,在芽期测定了发芽率... 详细信息

为了探究羊茅属种质芽期对逆境的胁迫能力,以沟羊茅新品系(FV)与紫羊茅常用品种传奇(CQ)、草原(CY)、梦神(MS)、北方(BF)、玉山(YS)和多花(DH)为材料,采用不同浓度PEG-6000(0、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%)模拟干旱胁迫,在芽期测定了发芽率、发芽势、活力指数、胚根长、胚芽长、根芽比等萌发指标,分析干旱对其种子萌发的影响,并结合主成分分析、隶属函数分析、聚类分析等对其抗旱性进行评价。结果表明,高浓度PEG(20%~25%)显著降低了羊茅属种质的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、胚根长、胚根长及根芽比,而5%~15%PEG则因种质的差异而变化趋势有所不同,其中0~10%PEG对FV、BF、YS的发芽率、发芽势、活力指数及发芽指数具有显著的引发作用;综合评价表明,主成分分析将7个相对单项性状指标降维成2个新的综合指标,累积贡献率达85.06%;以新合成的综合指标为依据,采用隶属函数法结合聚类分析,将7份羊茅属种质分为三类,其中,FV、CQ和BF的抗旱能力较强,CY及YS的抗旱能力一般,而MS、DH的抗旱能力较弱。

关键词：羊茅属芽期抗旱性主成分分析隶属函数法 PEG胁迫

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Community structure and carbon and nitrogen storage of sagebrush desert under grazing exclusion in Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第2期12卷 239-251页

作者： DONG Yiqiang sun zongjiu AN Shazhou JIANG Shasha WEI Peng College of Pratacultural and Environmental Science Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Xinjiang Urumqi 830052China Post-doctoral Mobile Station of Xinjiang Agricultural University Urumqi 830052China

Overgrazing is regarded as one of the key factors of vegetation and soil degradation in the arid and semi-arid regions of Northwest China.Grazing exclusion(GE)is one of the most common pathways used to restore degraded grasslands and to improve their ecosystem services.Nevertheless,there are still significant controversies concerning GE’s effects on grassland diversity as well as carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)storage.It remains poorly understood in the arid desert regions,whilst being essential for the sustainable use of grassland resources.To assess the effects of GE on community characteristics and C and N storage of desert plant community in the arid desert regions,we investigated the community structure and plant biomass,as well as C and N storage of plants and soil(0-100 cm depth)in short-term GE(three years)plots and adjacent long-term freely grazing(FG)plots in the areas of sagebrush desert in Northwest China,which are important both for spring-autumn seasonal pasture and for ecological conservation.Our findings indicated that GE was beneficial to the average height,coverage and aboveground biomass(including stems,leaves and inflorescences,and litter)of desert plant community,to the species richness and importance values of subshrubs and perennial herbs,and to the biomass C and N storage of aboveground parts(P<0.05).However,GE was not beneficial to the importance values of annual herbs,root/shoot ratio and total N concentration in the 0-5 and 5-10 cm soil layers(P<0.05).Additionally,the plant density,belowground biomass,and soil organic C concentration and C storage in the 0-100 cm soil layer could not be significantly changed by short-term GE(three years).The results suggest that,although GE was not beneficial for C sequestration in the sagebrush desert ecosystem,it is an effective strategy for improving productivity,diversity,and C and N storage of plants.As a result,GE can be used to rehabilitate degraded grasslands in the arid desert regions of Northwest China.

关键词： grazing exclusion desert plant community biomass C storage N storage fencing arid desert regions

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模拟增温增水对蒿类荒漠草地土壤种子库种子萌发的影响

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草业科学 2023年第2期40卷 352-364页

作者：石宇堃孙宗玖新疆农业大学草业学院新疆乌鲁木齐830052 新疆草地资源与生态自治区重点实验室新疆乌鲁木齐830052 西部干旱区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室新疆乌鲁木齐830052

为探讨水热交互作用对土壤种子库种子萌发的影响,采用双因素试验设计,通过模拟温度(对照,增温2、4、6℃,依次用T_(0)、T_(2)、T_(4)、T_(6)表示)、模拟增水(对照,增水5%、10%、15%、20%,依次用W_(0)、W_(5)、W_(10)、W_(15)、W_(20)表示... 详细信息

为探讨水热交互作用对土壤种子库种子萌发的影响,采用双因素试验设计,通过模拟温度(对照,增温2、4、6℃,依次用T_(0)、T_(2)、T_(4)、T_(6)表示)、模拟增水(对照,增水5%、10%、15%、20%,依次用W_(0)、W_(5)、W_(10)、W_(15)、W_(20)表示)研究伊犁绢蒿(Seriphidium transiliense)荒漠草地0-10 cm土层中的土壤种子库种子萌发植物种类、数量及其植物多样性。结果表明:伊犁绢蒿荒漠草地0-10 cm土层可萌发土壤种子库的种子萌发密度和植物多样性随降水增加而增加,随温度增加而先增后降,但温度和降水的交互作用对其影响不显著(P>0.05)。T_(2)W_(20)处理下萌发密度最大,为350.3粒·m^(-2),较T_(0)W_(0)增加了119%;T_(6)W_(0)最小,为95.5粒·m^(-2),较T_(0)W_(0)下降40%。T_(2)W_(20)处理下可萌发土壤种子库种子萌发密度和其中双子叶植物的萌发密度均达到最高,0-5 cm土层依次为350.3和318.5粒·m^(-2),而5-10 cm土层依次为222.9和159.2粒·m^(-2)。随温度和降水增加,土壤可萌发种子库种子萌发时间和枯黄期提前。总之,试验设计范围内,降水增加促进了蒿类荒漠草地土壤种子库种子的萌发,而温度升高则抑制了种子萌发;适度增温增水(T≤T_(4),W≤W_(20))对土壤种子萌发影响不显著,而过度增温不增水(T=T_(6),W=W_(0))则不利于土壤种子库种子的萌发。

关键词：增温增水蒿类荒漠草地土壤种子库种子萌发群落相似性萌发动态消亡动态

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Changes in the relationship between species richness and belowground biomass among grassland types and along environmental gradients in Xinjiang, Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第6期11卷 855-865页

作者： YANG Yuling LI Minfei MA Jingjing CHENG Junhui LIU Yunhua JIA Hongtao LI Ning WU Hongqi sun zongjiu FAN Yanmin SHENG Jiandong JIANG Ping'an Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes College of Grassland and Environmental SciencesXinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China

The association between biodiversity and belowground biomass(BGB) remains a central debate in ecology.In this study, we compared the variations in species richness(SR) and BGB as well as their interaction in the top(0–20 cm), middle(20–50 cm) and deep(50–100 cm) soil depths among 8 grassland types(lowland meadow, temperate desert, temperate desert steppe, temperate steppe desert, temperate steppe, temperate meadow steppe, mountain meadow and alpine steppe) and along environmental gradients(elevation, energy condition(annual mean temperature(AMT) and potential evapotranspiration(PET)), and mean annual precipitation(MAP)) based on a 2011–2013 survey of 379 sites in Xinjiang, Northwest China.The SR and BGB varied among the grassland types.The alpine steppe had a medium level of SR but the highest BGB in the top soil depth, whereas the lowland meadow had the lowest SR but the highest BGB in the middle and deep soil depths.The SR and BGB in the different soil depths were tightly associated with elevation, MAP and energy condition;however, the particular forms of trends in SR and BGB depended on environmental factors and soil depths.The relationship between SR and BGB was unimodal in the top soil depth, but SR was positively related with BGB in the middle soil depth.Although elevation, MAP, energy condition and SR had significant effects on BGB, the variations in BGB in the top soil depth were mostly determined by elevation, and those in the middle and deep soil depths were mainly affected by energy condition.These findings highlight the importance of environmental factors in the regulations of SR and BGB as well as their interaction in the grasslands in Xinjiang.

关键词： species richness belowground biomass unimodal pattern energy condition soil depths mean annual precipitation grasslands in Xinjiang

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伊犁绢蒿种子萌发对模拟氮沉降的响应

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草业科学 2023年第5期40卷 1266-1273页

作者：郑丽孙宗玖刘慧霞周磊周晨烨新疆农业大学草业学院新疆乌鲁木齐830052 西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室新疆乌鲁木齐830052 新疆草地资源与生态自治区重点实验室新疆乌鲁木齐830052

以新疆蒿类荒漠建群种伊犁绢蒿(Seriphidium transiliense)为对象,采用尿素模拟氮沉降,研究了施氮量[0、0.4、0.8、1.2、1.6 g·(m^(2)·a)^(−1)]和施氮频率(施1次、施3次)对其种子萌发的影响。结果表明:施氮量和施氮频率对伊犁绢蒿种... 详细信息

以新疆蒿类荒漠建群种伊犁绢蒿(Seriphidium transiliense)为对象,采用尿素模拟氮沉降,研究了施氮量[0、0.4、0.8、1.2、1.6 g·(m^(2)·a)^(−1)]和施氮频率(施1次、施3次)对其种子萌发的影响。结果表明:施氮量和施氮频率对伊犁绢蒿种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数影响均不显著(P>0.05),依次为84.75%~89.50%、81.50%~88.50%和16.14~19.17。氮添加显著影响了伊犁绢蒿根长、芽长和幼苗干重(P<0.01),且随施氮量增加呈下降趋势,1次施氮和3次施氮频率出现明显抑制效应的最小氮添加量分别为0.4和1.2 g·(m^(2)·a)^(−1)。相同氮添加量下1次施氮的抑制作用高于3次施氮,尤其是高氮添加量下施氮频率间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。总之,试验处理范围内氮沉降水平不影响伊犁绢蒿种子萌发出苗,但会抑制其幼苗生长发育,且相同氮添加量下多次施氮会减缓这种抑制作用。

关键词：施氮量伊犁绢蒿施氮频率种子萌发新疆荒漠植物尿素

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不同抗旱性狗牙根种质的抗旱生理响应差异分析

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中国农业科技导报 2023年第6期25卷 59-70页

作者：张一龙孙晓梵李硕李培英孙宗玖新疆农业大学草业学院新疆草地资源与生态自治区重点实验室西部干旱区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室乌鲁木齐830052

为揭示狗牙根抗旱生理机制,筛选不同干旱胁迫下影响其抗旱性的关键指标,探明不同抗旱性狗牙根对干旱胁迫的响应差异,以2种类型不同抗旱性狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)种质(敏旱种质:C10和C32;抗旱种质:C118和C138)为供试材料,研究其在渐进... 详细信息

为揭示狗牙根抗旱生理机制,筛选不同干旱胁迫下影响其抗旱性的关键指标,探明不同抗旱性狗牙根对干旱胁迫的响应差异,以2种类型不同抗旱性狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)种质(敏旱种质:C10和C32;抗旱种质:C118和C138)为供试材料,研究其在渐进式缓慢干旱胁迫下叶片相对含水量、相对电导率、光合色素含量、抗氧化酶活性及渗调物质含量等的变化规律。结果表明,随着土壤含水量降低、干旱胁迫加剧,供试狗牙根叶片的相对含水量不断下降,相对电导率及丙二醛、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸含量呈升高趋势,光合色素含量及3种抗氧化酶活性呈现先升后降趋势。与敏旱材料相比,抗旱狗牙根种质在中、重度干旱胁迫下能够维持较高的抗氧化酶活性,积累更多的脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白,导致其相对电导率及丙二醛含量增加缓慢。即使同为抗旱类型,不同种质对干旱的响应机制也存在差异,C118具有较高的叶绿素含量,而C138维持较高的类胡萝卜素含量。灰色关联分析表明,中度干旱下,相对电导率、类胡萝卜素含量及超氧化物歧化酶活性受狗牙根的抗旱性影响较大;而重度干旱下,脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量与抗旱性的关联度更高。以上结果明确了不同抗旱性狗牙根种质的干旱生理响应机制,为选育耐旱草种及节水技术奠定基础。

关键词：干旱胁迫生理生化狗牙根抗旱差异

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封育对蒿类荒漠草地土壤氮素含量及其组分特征的影响

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水土保持学报 2022年第6期36卷 222-230,240页

作者：哈里·阿力腾别克孙宗玖何盘星刘慧霞新疆农业大学草业学院乌鲁木齐830052 新疆草地资源与生态自治区重点实验室乌鲁木齐830052 西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室乌鲁木齐830052

为探讨蒿类荒漠草地土壤氮素含量及其组分特征,采用成对试验设计,研究封育对天山北坡不同区域蒿类荒漠草地土壤全氮、碱解氮、硝态氮和铵态氮含量的影响。结果表明:(1)封育后蒿类荒漠草地0—50 cm土层土壤氮密度(0.59~0.79 kg/m^(2))、... 详细信息

为探讨蒿类荒漠草地土壤氮素含量及其组分特征,采用成对试验设计,研究封育对天山北坡不同区域蒿类荒漠草地土壤全氮、碱解氮、硝态氮和铵态氮含量的影响。结果表明:(1)封育后蒿类荒漠草地0—50 cm土层土壤氮密度(0.59~0.79 kg/m^(2))、土壤全氮含量(0.81~1.50 g/kg)、土壤碱解氮含量(19.44~67.49 mg/kg)变化不显著(p>0.05)。(2)封育对蒿类荒漠草地土壤硝态氮含量(6.41~21.26 mg/kg)、铵态氮含量(0.26~2.53 mg/kg)的影响因区域差异而有所不同。封育后巩留、呼图壁样地0—50 cm土层硝态氮含量依次显著降低24.61%,47.25%(p0.05)。(3)蒿类荒漠草地土壤硝态氮、铵态氮含量依次占全氮量的0.27%~3.01%,0.02%~0.42%,且随土壤全氮的增加,有机氮占比增加,而无机氮、硝态氮和铵态氮占比降低。(4)相关分析表明,土壤全氮、碱解氮、硝态氮、铵态氮与有机碳、全磷呈正相关,与土壤容重、pH、电导率呈负相关,铵态氮与土壤含水量呈正相关,与速效磷呈负相关。偏冗余分析表明,土壤理化因子对土壤氮素影响的主要因子为土壤有机碳和土壤含水量,解释率依次为32.60%,17.90%。研究结果为揭示封育过程中蒿类荒漠草地土壤恢复及养分管理提供科学数据支撑。

关键词：封育蒿类荒漠土壤养分铵态氮硝态氮天山北坡

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