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Use of Agroecological Techniques by Smallholder Farmers to Improve Sorghum Productivity in Burkina Faso

Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2018年第8期8卷 499-506页

作者： zomboudré georges Youma Issaka Abdoulaye Batta Fatou Kaboré Roger Bourgou Tsuamba Gubbels Peter Department of Natural Resource Management Institute for Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA) 04 BP 8645 Ouagadougou 04 Burkina Faso Institute for Environment Science and Rural Development (ISEDR) University of Dédougou BP 176 Dédougou Burkina Faso Groundswell International PO Box 2257 Asheville NC 28802 USA Association Minim Song Panga (AMSP) BP 268 Kaya Burkina Faso Association Nourrir Sans Détruire (ANSD) 09 BP 1670 Ouagadougou 09 Burkina Faso

The prevailing farming system in Burkina Faso is smallholder agriculture based on cereal production, especially sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) which form the staple diet for the population. Production is constantly challenged by climate hazards, striga (Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth.) infestation, inefficient farming practices and declining soil fertility. To address these concerns, one study on several agroecological techniques was conducted from 2013 to 2015 in a participative manner with more than 150 male and female farmers from four communities. Each farmer was asked to test out two or three agroecological techniques of his choice and to measure these new techniques against their usual farming practices. These techniques combined the use of organic fertilizer (5 t/ha) and/or mineral fertilizer (2 g/seed hole) with the systems of crop rotation and mixed cropping, in addition to the improved za? technique and the half-moon method. Plant material was composed of local landraces and improved varieties of sorghum, sesame and cowpea. On-farm application of agroecological techniques resulted in significantly increased sorghum production in all four communities. The rates of increase for grain yield were 8% for the half-moon fields and more than 130% for the rotation systems when compared to the farmers’ usual practices. More limited results were achieved with the chemical components of the soil after two years of experimentation. Only the soil’s organic matter showed improvement over the first year. This study shows that crop rotation, mixed cropping and the improved za? technique in combination with compost and improved drought-resistant varieties constitute agroecological strategies favorable to the intensification and diversification of farming systems in the studied locations. The farmers were above all impressed by the on-site management of compost by means of the za? technique which enabled large-scale fertilization of fields.

关键词： Agroecological techniques sorghum yield compost mineral fertilizer crop rotation mixed cropping zai.

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Agroforestry Trees Improve Water Infiltrability in Semi-arid Tropical Parklands in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2018年第5期8卷 262-273页

作者： zomboudré georges Ilstedt Ulrik Gnankambary Zacharia Nyberg Gert SoméLéopold Guinko Sita Malmer Anders Department of Natural Resource Management Institute for Environment and Agricultural Research(INERA)04 BP 8645 Ouagadougou 04Burkina Faso Department of Forest Ecology and Management Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesSE-901 83Umea Sweden Laboratory of Biology and Plant Ecology University of Ouagadougou03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03Burkina Faso

Maintaining appropriate levels of soil infiltrability is important for avoiding undesirable levels of surface runoff and erosion and for maintaining adequate rates of soil and groundwater *** study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effects of Faidherbia albida(apple-ring acacia)and Vitellaria paradoxa(shea butter tree)trees and additions of inorganic fertilizer,leaves and compost on soil infiltrability in two agroforestry parkland systems in the western part of Burkina *** was measured before tilling both under and outside canopies of these trees,using tension disc and double-ring *** results show that infiltrability was 33%higher on average under than outside canopies in both agroforestry parkland *** compost,leaves and inorganic fertilizer did not improve infiltrability significantly during the study *** than 75%of the infiltrability estimates obtained using ring infiltrometers outside the canopies were lower than 40 mm/*** contrast,less than 10%of those obtained from under canopies were lower than *** could have highly significant effects on run-off,erosion and recharge since rain intensity measurements collected over three years at 30 min intervals showed that up to 35%of the annual precipitation fell with intensities≥40 mm/*** study demonstrates the potential of improving infiltrability and reducing surface runoff by managing trees appropriately in agroforestry systems in semi-arid tropics.

关键词： Agroforestry infiltrability semi-arid rainfall intensity Faidherbia albida Vitellaria paradoxa

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Effects of Agroecological Practices on Soil Microbiological Activity in Sudano-Sahelian Zone of Burkina Faso

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2022年第2期12卷 73-83页

作者： Bègnileyaon Béatrice Somda Badiori Ouattara georges zomboudré Peter Gubbels Tsuamba Bourgou Hassan Bismarck Nacro Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research(CNRST/INERA) 04 BP 8645 Ouagadougou 04Burkina Faso Action-Learning and Advocacy(West Africa)for Groundswell International 06 BP 9360 Ouagadougou Zogana 06Burkina Faso Regional Coordinator of Grounds well International for West Africa 09 BP 1670 Ouagadougou 09Burkina Faso Soil fertility study and research Laboratory Nazi BONI University01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso 01Burkina Faso

Microorganisms are key actors in soil ***,their activity is influenced by various factors including agricultural *** study aimed to assess the effects of 4 agroecological practices on soil microbiological activity in the Sudano-Sahelian area of Burkina *** practices involved(a)the use of organic matter(OM)spread over a plot,with and without micro-dose mineral fertilization and(b)the localized application of organic manure in planting pits dug into hard pan land(zaï),with and without cereal-legume *** biomass(MB)by fumigation-extraction and soil respiration by incubation-extraction were measured on 40 soil samples,taken at 0-10 cm *** results indicated higher cumulative values of carbon from respiration on plots with generalized application of OM,with and without mineral fertilizers(113 and 111 mg C-CO_(2)/kg soil respectively),than on plots with localized application,with and without cereal-legume rotation(72.9 and 98 mg C-CO_(2)/kg soil respectively).MB follows the same trend as soil respiration with lower values(21.9 to 50.9 mg C/kg soil respectively).Generalized application of OM with or without mineral fertilizers was more favorable to soil microbial activity.

关键词： Agroecology MB soil respiration Burkina Faso

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