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Genetic population structure of red snapper(Lutjanus malabaricus)and orange-spotted grouper(Epinephelus coiodes)in Brunei and Sabah

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Integrative Zoology 2008年第3期3卷 208-215页

作者： zohrah h.sulaiman Khadijah h.ABDUL RAhMAN Teo Y.YING hussein h.TAhA NurQistina h.MUhD TAhA Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceUniversity Brunei DarussalamJalan Tungku LinkGadongBrunei Darussalam

The genetic population structure of red snapper Lutjanus malabaricus and orange-spotted grouper Epinepheluscoiodes in Brunei and Sabah was investigated using allozyme electrophoresis. Samples were collected from threesites in Brunei for E. coiodes and from three sites in Brunei and Sabah for L. malabaricus. A total of 22 loci and 16loci were scored, respectively. The index of fixation (FST) for the E. coiodes population was 0.176 but, in general, itlacked within-population structuring. The FST was particularly high between Brunei Bay/Jerudong and Brunei Bay/Kuala Belait, suggesting genetic subdivision on a small spatial scale. Isolation of Brunei Bay from the South ChinaSea may constrain the movement of adult fishes and larval dispersal, thereby reducing homogeneity amongsubpopulations. All variable loci for E. coiodes were in hardy–Weinberg equilibrium except for MDh* and GTDhP*(P hich two subpopulations showed an excess of heterozygotes (P he study on the *** population showed a heterozygote deficit of approximately 60% in variable loci (FIS, genetic variationwithin population = 0.45;P however, the mean observed heterozygosity for the population far exceeded *** populations in Australia and Indonesia. A FST value of 0.076 revealed moderate genetic differentiationamong subpopulations of L. malabaricus. The genotypes were likely to be drawn from the same distribution inJerudong and Kuala Belait. This study infers that sustainable management of snapper and grouper resources inBrunei waters must take into account the presence of a single stock and two stocks, respectively.

关键词： allozymes fishery resource genetic structure of fish grouper snapper

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Comparative Study on Growth Performance of Transgenic(Over-Expressed OsNhX1) and Wild-Type Nipponbare under Different Salinity Regimes

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Rice science 2015年第6期22卷 275-282页

作者： Nurul Kahrani IShAK Zohrah.sulaiman Kushan U.TENNAKOON Environmental and Life Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity Brunei Darussalam Institut Teknologi Brunei

Transgenic Nipponbare which over-expressed a Na＋/h~ antiporter gene OsNhX1 was used to compare its growth performance, water status and photosynthetic efficiency with its wild type under varying salinity regimes. Chlorophyll content, quantum yield and photosynthetic rate were measured to assess the impact of salinity stress on photosynthetic efficiency for transgenic and wild-type Nipponbare. Effects of salinity on water status and gas exchange to both lines were studied by measuring water use efficiency, instantaneous transpiration rate and stomatal conductance. Dry shoot weight and leaf area were determined after three months of growth to assess the impacts of salinity on the growth of those two lines. Our study showed that both lines were affected by salinity stress, however, the transgenic line showed higher photosynthetic efficiency, better utilization of water, and better growth due to low transpiration rate and stomatal conductance. Reduction of photosynthetic efficiency exhibited by the wild-type Nipponbare was correlated to its poor growth under salinity stress.

关键词： growth performance salinity stress Na+/h+ antiporter gene OsNhX1 transgenic rice photosynthetic efficiency water status

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Mitochondrial DNA sequence analyses in Bornean sucker fishes (Balitoridae: Teleostei: Gastromyzontinae)

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Integrative Zoology 2006年第1期1卷 12-14页

作者： zohrah haji sulaiman Tan heok hUI Kelvin K.P.LIM Peter K.L.NG Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Brunei DarussalamBrunei Darussalam Department of Biological Science National University of SingaporeSingapore

Phylogenetic relationships among Bornean sucker fishes(Teleostei:Balitoridae:Gastromyzontinae)were investigated by comparing cytochrome b gene sequences from eight *** results were in general agreement with previous morphology-based *** was found that the genera Gastromyzon and Neogastromyzon are both monophyletic and that the Chinese homalopterid Crossostoma lacustre(homalopterinae)is not related to the Bornean *** molecular-level study of cytochrome b gene variation in Bornean gastromyzontins will undoubtedly help to shed light on the molecular systematics of this unique freshwater fish.

关键词： Borneo gastromyzontins sucker fishes mitochondrial DNA phylogenetic relationship

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Effect of equal channel angular extrusion on Al-6063 bending fatigue characteristics

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第4期22卷 395-404页

作者： J.Nemati G.h.Majzoobi S.sulaiman B.T.h.T.Baharudin M.A.Azmah hanim Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University Putra Malaysia Engineering Faculty Bu-Ali Sina University School of Mechanics Islamic Azad UniversityTakestan Branch

The purpose of this investigation was to refine the grains of annealed 6063 aluminum alloy and to improve its yield stress and ul- timate strength. This was accomplished via the equal channel angular extrusion （ECAE） process at a temperature of 200℃ using route A, with a constant ram speed of 30 mm/min through a die angle of 90° between the die channels for as many as 6 passes. The experiments were conducted on an Avery universal testing machine. The results showed that the grain diameter decreased from 45 μm to 2.8 μm after 6 extru- sion passes. The results also indicated that the major improvement in fatigue resistance occurred after the first pass. The subsequent passes improved the fatigue life but at a considerably lower rate. A maximum increase of 1100% in the case of low applied stresses and an ap- proximately 2200% increase in fatigue resistance in the case of high applied stresses were observed after 5 passes. The improvement of fa- tigue resistance is presumed to be due to （1） a reduction in the size and the number of Si crystals with increasing number of ECAE passes, （2） the aggregation of Cu during the ECAE process, （3） the formation and growth of CuA12 grains, and （4） grain refinement of the A1--6063 alloy during the ECAE process.

关键词： aluminum alloys equal channel angular pressing bending fatigue life grain size microstructure

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Text Extraction with Optimal Bi-LSTM

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第9期76卷 3549-3567页

作者： Bahera h.Nayef Siti Norul huda Sheikh Abdullah Rossilawati sulaiman Ashwaq Mukred Saeed Computer Techniques Engineering Department Ibn Khaldun University CollegeBaghdad10011Iraq Faculty of Information Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiSelangor43600Malaysia School of Electrical Engineering and Artificial Intelligence Xiamen University MalaysiaSepang43900Malaysia

Text extraction from images using the traditional techniques of image collecting,and pattern recognition using machine learning consume time due to the amount of extracted features from the *** Neural Networks introduce effective solutions to extract text features from images using a few techniques and the ability to train large datasets of images with significant *** study proposes using Dual Maxpooling and concatenating convolution Neural Networks(CNN)layers with the activation functions Relu and the Optimized Leaky Relu(OLRelu).The proposed method works by dividing the word image into slices that contain *** pass them to deep learning layers to extract feature maps and reform the predicted *** Short Memory(BiLSTM)layers extractmore compelling features and link the time sequence fromforward and backward directions during the training *** Connectionist Temporal Classification(CTC)function calcifies the training and validation loss *** addition to decoding the extracted feature to reform characters again and linking them according to their time *** proposed model performance is evaluated using training and validation loss errors on the Mjsynth and Integrated Argument Mining Tasks(IAM)*** result of IAM was 2.09%for the average loss errors with the proposed dualMaxpooling and *** the Mjsynth dataset,the best validation loss rate shrunk to 2.2%by applying concatenating CNN layers,and Relu.

关键词： Deep neural network text features dual max-pooling concatenating convolution neural networks bidirectional long short memory text connector characteristics

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Improvements in the microstructure and fatigue behavior of pure copper using equal channel angular extrusion

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第6期21卷 569-576页

作者： J.Nemati G.h.Majzoobi S.sulaiman B.T.h.T.Baharudin M.A.Azmah hanim Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia School of Mechanics Islamic Azad UniversityTakestan Branch348194 9479 Takestan Iran

In this study, annealed pure copper was extruded using equal channel angular extrusion （ECAE） for a maximum of eight passes. The fatigue resistance of extruded specimens was evaluated for different passes and applied stresses using fatigue tests, fractography, and metallography. The mechanical properties of the extruded material were obtained at a tensile test velocity of 0.5 mm/min. It was found that the maximum increase in strength occurred after the 2nd pass. The total increase in ultimate strength after eight passes was 94%. The results of fatigue tests indicated that a significant improvement in fatigue life occurred after the 2nd pass. In subsequent passes, the fatigue life con-tinued to improve but at a considerably lower rate. The improved fatigue life was dependent on the number of passes and applied stresses. For low stresses （or high-cycle fatigue）, a maximum increase in fatigue resistance of approximately 500%was observed for the extruded material after eight passes, whereas a maximum fatigue resistance of 5000%was obtained for high-applied stresses （or low-cycle fatigue）. Optical microscopic examinations revealed grain refinements in the range of 32 to 4 μm. A maximum increase in impact energy absorption of 100%was achieved after eight passes. Consistent results were obtained from fractography and metallography examinations of the ex-truded material during fatigue tests.

关键词： copper equal channel angular extrusion fatigue of materials grain size grain refinement fracture toughness

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GENETIC CONSEQUENCES OF INTRODUCED Gouramy helostoma Temminckii (Pisces: helostomatidae) IN BRUNEI'S WETLAND

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湿地科学 2003年第1期1卷 51-56页

作者： h.S.zohrah P.h.C.Fauzani C. S. Jen O. Norsuzieyanti

Kissing gouramy (helostoma temminckii) was introduced into Tasek Merimbun in the 1980's. We studied their genetic profile using allozyme electrophoresis and found that all loci were monomorphic. The loss of heterozygotes may suggest that the gouramy are inbreds. They must have reproduced by repeated sib-mating over the years. The severe drought in Tasek Merimbun may have aggravated the genetic erosion further. The genetic variability of kissing gouramy in terms of % polymorphic loci, mean number of alleles per loci and observed heterozygosity level were lower than cyprinids in the same lake and kissing gouramy from the wild. We also note that kissing gouramy is a fast grower and may threaten the livelihood of indigenous fishes in the lake.

关键词： Kissing gouramy introduced allozyme electrophoresis

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Prediction of spatial soil loss impacted by long-term land-use/land-cover change in a tropical watershed

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第2期10卷 389-403页

作者： J.h.Abdulkareem B.Pradhan W.N.A.sulaiman N.R.Jamil Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Environmental StudiesUniversiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) Department of Soil Science Institute for Agricultural Research/Faculty of AgricultureAhmadu Bello University Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringGeospatial Information Science Research Center (GISRC)Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) Centre for Advanced Modeling and Geospatial Information Systems (CAMGIS) Faculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology Sydney Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering Choongmu-gwanSejong University

The devastating effect of soil erosion is one of the major sources of land degradation that affects human lives in many ways which occur mainly due to deforestation, poor agricultural practices, overgrazing,wildfire and urbanization. Soil erosion often leads to soil truncation, loss of fertility, slope instability, *** causes irreversible effects on the poorly renewable soil resource. In view of this, a study was conducted in Kelantan River basin to predict soil loss as influenced by long-term land use/land-cover(LULC) changes in the area. The study was conducted with the aim of predicting and assessing soil erosion as it is influenced by long-term LULC changes. The 13,100 km^2 watershed was delineated into four sub-catchments Galas, Pergau, Lebir and Nenggiri for precise result estimation and ease of execution. GIS-based Universal Soil Loss Equation(USLE) model was used to predict soil loss in this study. The model inputs used for the temporal and spatial calculation of soil erosion include rainfall erosivity factor,topographic factor, land cover and management factor as well as erodibility factor. The results showed that 67.54% of soil loss is located under low erosion potential(reversible soil loss) or 0-1 t ha^(-1) yr^(-1) soil loss in Galas, 59.17% in Pergau, 53.32% in Lebir and 56.76% in Nenggiri all under the 2013 LULC *** from the correlation of soil erosion rates with LULC changes indicated that cleared land in all the four catchments and under all LULC conditions(1984-2013) appears to be the dominant with the highest erosion losses. Similarly, grassland and forest were also observed to regulate erosion rates in the area. This is because the vegetation cover provided by these LULC types protects the soil from direct impact of rain drops which invariably reduce soil loss to the barest minimum. Overall, it was concluded that the results have shown the significance of LULC in the control of erosion. Maps generated from the study may be usef

关键词： Soil erosion USLE Landuse/cover changes GIS Malaysia

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Gold nanoparticles film for Q-switched pulse generation in thulium doped fiber laser cavity

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Optoelectronics Letters 2021年第8期17卷 449-453页

作者： Ahmad h.A.Rosol Afiq A.A.Jafry Norrima Mokhtar Moh Yasin sulaiman Wadi harun Department of Electrical Engineering University of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaSkudai 81310Malaysia Department of Physics Faculty of Science and TechnologyAirlangga UniversitySurabayaIndonesia

Passively Q-switched thulium doped fiber laser(TDFL)has been successfully demonstrated using gold nanoparticles(GNPs),which were embedded into polyvinyl alcohol as saturable absorber(SA).The stable self-starting Q-switched laser was generated to operate at 1891 nm when a tiny piece of the prepared film was slot in between two fiber ferrules and incorporated into the laser *** repetition rate can be adjusted from 48.54 khz to 49.64 khz while the pulse width decreased from 3.52μs to 2.38μs with the increase of 1550 nm pump power from 840 m W to 930 m *** corresponding pump power output power linearly increased from 3.62 m W to 6.3 m W with a slope efficiency of 2.53%.The maximum peak power and pulse energy were recorded at about 39 m W and 0.12μJ,respectively at pump power of 930 m *** Q-switching operation was caused by the surface plasmon resonance absorption of GNPs.

关键词： switched fiber pump

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Transforming growth factor beta 1, a cytokine with regenerative functions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第10期11卷 1549-1552页

作者： Wale sulaiman Doan h. Nguyen Ochsner health System Department of Neurosurgery Back and Spine Center Tulane University New Orleans LA USA aboratory of Neural Injury and Regeneration Ochsner Medical Center New Orleans LA USA

We review the biology and role of transforming growth factor beta 1 （TGF-β1） in peripheral nerve injury and regeneration, as it relates to injuries to large nerve trunks （i.e., sciatic nerve, brachial plexus）, which often leads to suboptimal functional recovery. Experimental studies have suggested that the reason for the lack of functional recovery resides in the lack of sufficient mature axons reaching their targets, which is a result of the loss of the growth-supportive environment provided by the Schwann cells in the distal stump of injured nerves. Using an established chronic nerve injury and delayed repair animal model that accu- rately mimics chronic nerve injuries in humans, we summarize our key findings as well as others to better understand the pathophysiology of poor functional recovery. We demonstrated that 6 month TGF-β1 treat- ment for chronic nerve injury significantly improved Schwann cell capacity to support axonal regeneration. When combined with forskolin, the effect was additive, as evidenced by a near doubling of regenerated axons proximal to the repair site. We showed that in vivo application of TGF-β1 and forskolin directly onto chronically injured nerves reactivated chronically denervated Schwann cells, induced their proliferation, and upregulated the expression of regeneration-associated proteins. The effect of TGF-β1 and forskolin on old nerve injuries is quite impressive and the treatment regiment appears to mediate a growth-supportive milieu in the injured peripheral nerves. In summary, TGF-β1 and forskolin treatment reactivates chronical- ly denervated Schwann cells and could potentially be used to extend and prolong the regenerative responses to promote axonal regeneration.

关键词： chronic nerve injuries transforming growth factor Schwann cells axonal regeneration regeneration-associatedproteins functional recovery

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