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Exploring the impact of Nafion modifier on electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction over Cu catalyst

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 543-551,I0012页

作者： Yingshi Su Yonghui Cheng Zhen Li Yanjia Cui Caili Yang ziyi Zhong Yibing song Gongwei Wang Lin Zhuang College of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province Shantou UniversityShantou 515063GuangdongChina College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power SourcesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina Department of Chemistry Engineering Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology(GTIIT)Shantou 515063GuangdongChina Technion-Israel Institute of Technology(IIT) Haifa 32000Israel

Nafion as a universal polymer ionomer was widely applied for nanocatalysts electrode ***,the effect of Nafion on electrocatalytic performance was often overlooked,especially for CO_(2)***,the key roles of Nafion for CO_(2)RR were systematically studied on Cu nanoparticles(NPs)*** found that Nafion modifier not only inhibit hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)by decreasing the accessibility of H_(2)O from electrolyte to Cu NPs,and increase the CO_(2)concentration at electrocatalyst interface for enhancing the CO_(2)mass transfer process,but also activate CO_(2)molecule by Lewis acid-base interaction between Nafion and CO_(2)to accelerate the formation of^(*)CO,which favor of C–C coupling for boosting C_(2)product *** to these features,the HER selectivity was suppressed from 40.6%to 16.8%on optimal Cu@Nafion electrode at-1.2 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE),and as high as 73.5%faradaic efficiencies(FEs)of C_(2)products were achieved at the same applied potential,which was 2.6 times higher than that on bare Cu electrode(~28.3%).In addition,Nafion also contributed to the long-term stability by hinder Cu NPs morphology ***,this work provides insights into the impact of Nafion on electrocatalytic CO_(2)RR performance.

关键词： Nafion modifier CO_(2)reduction Cu nanoparticles In situ ATR-SEIRAS C_(2)product

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Highly efficient ternary organic solar cells with excellent open-circuit voltage and fill factor via precisely tuning molecular stacking and morphology

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 963-972页

作者： Dinghong Sun Zhenyu Chen Jianfeng Zhang Wei song Jingyu Shi Jintao Zhu Yuanyuan Meng Fei Jin Shuncheng Yang ziyi Ge Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology&EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham NingboNingbo 315100China

The micro-morphology and molecular stacking play a key role in determining the charge transport process and nonradiative energy loss, thus impacting the performances of organic solar cells(OSCs). To address this issue, a non-fullerene acceptor PhC6-IC-F with alkylbenzene side-chain, possessing optimized molecular stacking, complementary absorption spectra and forming a cascade energy level alignment in the PM6:BTP-eC9 blend, is introduced as guest acceptor to improve efficiency of ternary OSCs. The bulky phenyl in the side-chain can regulate crystallinity and optimizing phase separation between receptors in ternary blend films, resulting in the optimal phase separations in the ternary films. As a result, high efficiencies of 18.33% as photovoltaic layer are obtained for PhC6-IC-F-based ternary devices with excellent fill factor(FF) of 78.92%. Impressively, the ternary system produces a significantly improved open circuit voltage(V_(oc)) of 0.857 V compared with the binary device,contributing to the reduced density of trap states and suppressed non-radiative recombination result in lower energy loss. This work demonstrates an effective approach for adjusting the aggregation, molecular packing and fine phase separation morphology to increase V_(oc) and FF, paving the way toward high-efficiency OSCs.

关键词： alkylbenzene side-chain morphology regulation ternary blends organic solar cells

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Mechanical robust and self-healing flexible perovskite solar cells with efficiency exceeding 23%

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2670-2678页

作者： Yaohua Wang Ruikun Cao Yuanyuan Meng Bin Han Ruijia Tian Xiaoyi Lu Zhenhua song Shuncheng Yang Congda Lu Chang Liu ziyi Ge College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials TechnologyEngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Flexible perovskite solar cells(f-PSCs) have experienced rapid advancements due to the light-weight, flexibility, and solution processability of the perovskite materials, which prompted the power conversion efficiency(PCE) to 24.08%. However, f-PSCs still face challenges in terms of mechanical and environmental stability. This is primarily due to their inherent brittleness, the presence of residual tensile strain, and the high density of defects along the boundaries of perovskite grains. To this end, we carefully developed a cross-linkable elastomers 3-[(3-acrylamidopropyl)dimethylammonium] propanoate(ADP) with electrostatic dynamic bond, which could be in-situ cross-linked and coordinate with [Pb I6]4-to regulate the crystallization process of perovskite. The cross-linked elastomers attached to the perovskite grain boundaries could release the remaining tensile strains and mechanical stresses, leading to enhanced stability and flexibility of the f-PSCs. More importantly, the electrostatic interaction between positive and negative groups of cross-linked elastomers and hydrogen bond formation between N–H and C=O accelerate the cross-linking of ADP, endowing the flexible perovskite films with self-healing ability under mild treating conditions(60 °C for 30 min). As a result, the device achieves a remarkable PCE of 23.53%(certified 23.16%). Additionally, the device exhibits impressive mechanical sustainability and durability, retaining over 90% of initial PCE even after undergoing8,000 bending cycles.

关键词： Mechanical robust and self-healing flexible perovskite solar cells with efficiency exceeding 23

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现实主义水墨人物画创作谈

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美术 2022年第12期 66-69页

作者：宋子伊北京服装学院中国艺术研究院

富有现实主义精神的水墨人物画,自20世纪以来自觉承担起了反映时代与人民生活的重任,经过几代人的努力,在题材内容和造型语言上不断演进与拓展,成为中国人物画在近现代以来取得的重要成果。本文从现实主义水墨人物画的实践探索出发,结... 详细信息

富有现实主义精神的水墨人物画,自20世纪以来自觉承担起了反映时代与人民生活的重任,经过几代人的努力,在题材内容和造型语言上不断演进与拓展,成为中国人物画在近现代以来取得的重要成果。本文从现实主义水墨人物画的实践探索出发,结合自身的美术作品与创作经验,从深入生活、形神塑造、笔墨学养等角度,探讨对现实主义水墨人物画创作的思考。

关键词：现实主义水墨人物画写生创作

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Annual variations of black carbon over the Yangtze River Delta from 2015 to 2018

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第10期32卷 72-84页

作者： Yue Tan Honglei Wang Shuangshuang Shi Lijuan Shen Chen Zhang Bin Zhu song Guo zhijun Wu ziyi song Yan Yin Ankang Liu Collaborative Innouation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological AdmiristrationNanjing Uniuersity of information Science & TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Joint Laboratory of Enuironment Simulation and Pollution Control(Peking University)College of Enuironmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniuersityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100o29China

In this study,the black carbon (BC) measurements in the atmosphere of Nanjing,China were continuously conducted from 2015 to 2018 using a Model AE-33 *** combining dataset of PM_(2.5),PM_(10),CO,NO_2,SO_2,O_3 and meteorological parameters,the temporal variations and the source apportionment of BC were given in this *** results showed that the PM_(2.5) mass concentrations decreased in Nanjing,with an average annual rate of variation of 6.50μg/(m^3·year).Differently,the annual average concentrations of BC increased with an average annual variation rate of 214.71 ng/(m^3·year).The seasonal variations showed the pattern of BC mass concentrations in winter>autumn>spring>*** diurnal variations of BC mass concentrations showed a double-peak in all four *** first peak occurred at approximately 7:00 in spring,summer and autumn and around 8:00 in *** second peak took place after 18:*** average AAE (absorption ?ngstr?m exponent) was 1.26 with a maximum of 1.35 during wintertime and the lowest(1.12) during *** addition,the AAE was smaller in the daytime than that at night,with a minimum occurring between 13:00 and 14:*** and visibility show a good power-function relationship at different humidity *** average values of the visibility thresholds of the BC mass concentrations in spring,summer,autumn and winter were 1.326,5.522,1.340 and 0.708μg/m^3,*** greater the relative humidity,the smaller the visibility threshold for the BC mass concentrations was.

关键词： Black carbon(BC) Absorptionngstrm exponent(AAE) Meteorological elements Temporal characteristics

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Pregnancy outcomes after fertility preservation in women with endometrial carcinoma and atypical endometrial hyperplasia:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2021年第4期1卷 190-196页

作者： Zerui Xiao ziyi song Jianliu Wang Huixin Liu Qun Lu Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking University People’s HospitalChina Department of Clinical Epidemiology Peking University People's HospitalChina

Objective:The objective of the study was to compare the effects of assisted reproductive technology(ART)and spontaneous pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes in women with endometrial carcinoma(EC)and atypical endometrial hyperplasia(AEH)following fertility-sparing ***:Relevant studies published through July 2020 were identified from PubMed and Web of Science literature *** pregnancy outcomes of ART and spontaneous pregnancy were summarized and compared for women with complete remission of EC/AEH after fertility-sparing treatments.A subgroup analysis was performed based on whether patients had received in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET)*** complete remission and recurrence rates of EC/AEH following fertility-sparing treatments were *** effect of pregnancy on recurrence rates of EC/AEH was also ***:Sixteen observational studies reporting pregnancy outcomes or recurrence with ART or spontaneous pregnancy for women with EC/AEH after fertility-sparing treatments were *** complete remission rate of EC/AEH was 81.5%(95%CI,78%–85%).Compared with spontaneous pregnancy,the pregnancy rate of ART was significantly higher(66.8%vs.43.7%,OR=2.64,95%CI 1.71–4.05,P<0.00001,I^(2)=14%).Subgroup analysis showed that the pregnancy rate of IVF-ET was significantly higher than that of spontaneous pregnancy(62.7%vs.35.1%,OR=2.85,95%CI 1.44-5.63,P=0.003,I^(2)=29%).The live birth rate of ART was significantly higher than that of spontaneous pregnancy(75.3%vs.47.8%,OR=3.96,95%CI1.76-8.77,P=0.0009,I^(2)=45%).The recurrence rate of EC/AEH was 31%(95%CI 24%–39%).Clinical pregnancy could reduce the recurrence rate of EC/AEH,but there was no significant evidence of an ***:ART,especially IVF-ET,could significantly improve pregnancy outcomes in women with EC/AEH receiving fertility-sparing *** complete remission,ART treatment might be a better option for women with EC/AEH than spontane

关键词： Endometrial carcinoma Atypical endometrial hyperplasia Fertility sparing treatment Assisted reproductive technology In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer

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八仙花对铅锌的抗性及富集特征

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东北林业大学学报 2022年第8期50卷 41-48页

作者：张瑛宋子怡赵冰西北农林科技大学陕西杨凌712100

以选自温室中生长健壮的1年生八仙花(Hydrangea macrophylla)扦插苗、采集自实验基地附近农田表层土壤(0~15 cm)为基材,以硝酸铅溶液(Pb(NO)质量分数为500、1 000、2 000 mg/kg)、七水硫酸锌溶液(ZnSO·7HO质量分数为300、600、1 200 mg... 详细信息

以选自温室中生长健壮的1年生八仙花(Hydrangea macrophylla)扦插苗、采集自实验基地附近农田表层土壤(0~15 cm)为基材,以硝酸铅溶液(Pb(NO)质量分数为500、1 000、2 000 mg/kg)、七水硫酸锌溶液(ZnSO·7HO质量分数为300、600、1 200 mg/kg)为铅锌胁迫处理剂,试验在西北农林科技大学科研温室进行。将采集的土壤在干燥通风处风干、粉碎、用4 mm筛过筛后,按照试验设计方案,将铅锌胁迫处理剂(单一、协同)均匀喷洒入处理好的基材土壤,然后置于阴凉处30 d,使土壤中的重金属稳定(污染土壤)。将污染土壤加入提前清洗好的花盆中,每盆含有6.0 kg土壤、种植1株1年生八仙花,每个处理3个重复;生长试验持续50 d(2020年11月7日—2020年12月27日)后,收获八仙花植株,测定生长指标、生理指标、光合指标、重金属质量分数及亚细胞分布。应用方差分析法、最小显著差异法,分析八仙花对铅、锌的单一胁迫和协同胁迫的防御机制和富集特征。结果表明:八仙花在重金属胁迫处理时,根系生长受到抑制,与对照相比,根长在质量分数为2 000 mg/kg的硝酸铅胁迫处理时降低了25.1%。此外,八仙花在铅、锌胁迫时生理指标也发生了明显变化。与对照相比,质量分数为2 000 mg/kg的硝酸铅胁迫处理、质量分数为1 200 mg/kg的七水硫酸锌胁迫处理、“质量分数为2 000 mg/kg的硝酸铅+质量分数为1 200 mg/kg的七水硫酸锌”协同胁迫处理,八仙花的丙二醛质量摩尔浓度分别增加85.26、73.65、48.41μmol·g,脯氨酸质量分数分别增加661.06、663.23、402.68μg·g,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性分别增加0.26、0.38、0.32 U·g·h,过氧化物酶(POD)活性分别增加50.27、92.51、85.47 U·g·h,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性分别增加3.91、0.19、1.20 U·g·h;质量分数为2 000 mg/kg的硝酸铅胁迫处理时类胡萝卜素质量分数减少0.006μg·g,质量分数为1 200 mg/kg的七水硫酸锌胁迫处理、“质量分数为2 000 mg/kg的硝酸铅+质量分数为1 200 mg/kg的七水硫酸锌”协同胁迫处理,类胡萝卜素质量分数分别增加0.008、0.01μg·g;说明高质量分数的重金属胁迫处理时,八仙花体内渗透调节物质和抗氧化酶活性增加,类胡萝卜素质量分数增加,保护光合系统,从而增强八仙花对重金属胁迫的抗性。与对照相比,质量分数为2 000 mg/kg的硝酸铅胁迫处理、质量分数为1 200 mg/kg的七水硫酸锌胁迫处理,八仙花根部积累的铅和锌的质量分数,分别高于地上部54.56、103.09 mg/kg。八仙花重金属亚细胞分布,铅积累在八仙花根部的细胞壁部分(39.45%),而大部分的锌可以穿过细胞壁,进入细胞器和细胞可溶性部分。此外,铅和锌对八仙花的毒害机制不同:铅对八仙花的根系毒害作用大,造成根系的缩短更明显;锌对八仙花光合和抗氧化酶系统毒害作用大,相关的生理指标变化更明显。在铅锌协同胁迫时,与对照相比八仙花对两种金属的吸收量增加,但形态与生理指标的变化程度较单一金属小,说明铅锌协同胁迫对植株的毒害作用减弱。八仙花对铅锌具有一定的抗性,虽然没有达到超富集植物的标准,但具有一定的植物稳定的潜力。

关键词：八仙花形态生长植物生理生化铅胁迫锌胁迫富集特征

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面容比对酸蚀砂岩溶解特性与力学性能的影响

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煤炭学报 2023年第4期48卷 1527-1537页

作者：梁艳玲霍润科宋战平穆彦虎熊爱华宋子羿西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院陕西西安710055 西安建筑科技大学陕西省岩土与地下空间工程重点实验室陕西西安710055 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冻土工程国家重点实验室甘肃兰州730050

为研究静态酸−岩反应体系中,面容比对砂岩溶蚀及劣化特性的影响,选择pH=2、5的盐酸与硫酸溶液为腐蚀环境,通过改变砂岩表面积以设置不同面容比,研究其对砂岩物理化学及力学性质的影响规律,并通过酸岩反应理论,分析面容比对砂岩腐蚀过程... 详细信息

为研究静态酸−岩反应体系中,面容比对砂岩溶蚀及劣化特性的影响,选择pH=2、5的盐酸与硫酸溶液为腐蚀环境,通过改变砂岩表面积以设置不同面容比,研究其对砂岩物理化学及力学性质的影响规律,并通过酸岩反应理论,分析面容比对砂岩腐蚀过程中扩散−溶解机制的影响。研究结果表明:在不同面容比条件下,砂岩质量损失率、总阳离子析出量与腐蚀时间均呈幂函数关系,且面容比与溶解速率常数呈正相关,对反应级数影响较小。不同环境下反应级数均小于1,砂岩腐蚀速率随时间逐渐减小。在pH=2、5的盐酸和pH=2硫酸溶液中,不同阳离子析出量N呈现N(Ca^(2+))>N(Na^(+))>N(Mg^(2+))>N(K^(+)),在pH=5硫酸溶液中,则N(Na^(+))>N(Ca^(2+))>N(Mg^(2+))≈N(K^(+))。酸岩反应可概括为扩散控制和化学反应控制2种机制,控制参数均与面容比呈负相关,与溶液pH呈正相关,硫酸溶液中各参数稍大于盐酸溶液中相对应的数值。不同环境下酸岩作用过程均由化学反应主导,且面容比对扩散作用的影响强于化学反应。酸蚀砂岩的力学性能发生劣化,单轴压缩下其破坏过程分为压密、弹性变形、塑性屈服、峰后4个阶段,砂岩峰值强度、弹性模量降低,峰值应变增加,脆性减弱,延性增强,面容比越大,其劣化越严重。整体上,溶液pH越小,面容比对砂岩溶解特性与力学性能的影响越显著,且盐酸溶液对面容比的敏感程度稍强于硫酸溶液。研究结果可为酸化学环境下岩体工程的安全性评估与灾害防治提供理论参考。

关键词：砂岩酸腐蚀面容比扩散−溶解机制力学特性

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The Persistence and Zonal Scale of Atmospheric Dipolar Modes

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第3期41卷 478-492页

作者： Jie song State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

This study investigates the relationship between the persistence and the zonal scale of atmospheric dipolar modes(DMs). Results from the daily data of ERA5 and the long-term output of an idealized atmospheric model show that the atmospheric DMs with a broader(narrower) zonal scale dipolar structure possess a longer(shorter) persistence. A detailed vorticity budget analysis indicates that the persistence of a hemispheric-scale DM(1/1 DM) and a regional or sectoral DM(1/8 DM) in the model both largely rely on the persistence of the nonlinear eddy forcing. Linear terms can indirectly reduce the persistence of the anomalous nonlinear eddy forcing in a 1/8 DM by modifying the baroclinicity via the arousal of anomalous vertical motions. Therefore, the atmospheric DMs with a broader(narrower) zonal scale possess a longer(shorter) persistence because the effects of the linear terms are less(more) pronounced when the atmospheric DMs have better(worse) zonal symmetry. Further analyses show that the positive eddy feedback effect is weak or even absent in a 1/8DM and the high-frequency eddy forcing acts more like a concomitant phenomenon rather than a leading driving factor for a 1/8 DM. Thus, the hemispheric-scale DM and the regional or sectoral DMs are different, not only in their persistence but also in their dynamics.

关键词： NAM NAO eddy feedback persistence linear term

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Identification of Linear Systems Using Binary Sensors with Random Thresholds

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第3期37卷 907-923页

作者： HUANG Zhiyong song Qijiang School of Mathematics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China School of Mathematics Sino-French InstituteRenmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

In this paper,the problem of identifying autoregressive-moving-average systems under random threshold binary-valued output measurements is *** the help of stochastic approximation algorithms with expanding truncations,the authors give the recursive estimates for the parameters of both the linear system and the binary *** reasonable conditions,all constructed estimates are proved to be convergent to the true values with probability one,and the convergence rates are also established.A simulation example is provided to justify the theoretical results.

关键词： α-mixing binary sensor quantized system stochastic approximation stochastic thresh-old strongly consistent system identification

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