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Evolution of Mother-to-Child HIV-1 Transmission Rate in Mali from 2009 to 2018

Advances in Microbiology 2024年第5期14卷 256-267页

作者： Alou Sanogo mohamed Ag Baraïka Maïga Aminata Demba Koita Mahamadou Abdou Mamadou Guindo Clémentine N’Diaye Fatoumata Namoudou Traoré Abdoulaye Bagayoko Youssouf Diallo Flabou Bougoudogo Ibrehima Guindo National Institute for Public Health Bamako Mali Faculty of Pharmacy (FAPH) University of Science of Technical and Technology de Bamako Bamako Mali University Hospital Center (CHU)-Point G Bamako Mali Faculty of Medecine and Odonto-Stomatology University of Science of Technical and Technology de Bamako Bamako Mali Sector Unit for the Fight against AIDS Tuberculosis and Hepatitis Bamako Mali UNICEF (United Nations Children’ s Fund) Bamako Mali

Despite enormous efforts to achieve the goal of eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1, it remains a major challenge for many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Mali. Our objective is to assess changes in the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. We conducted a cross-sectional study between January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2018 (10 years) of early diagnosis activity in newborns and children born to HIV-1-positive mothers at the National Institute for Public Health (INSP). The samples came from health and referral centers in mali. All samples were received at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology at the INSP. Proviral DNA extraction was performed from a blood spot sample with a Roche DNA kit, Cobas AmpliPrep/Cobas TaqMan HIV-1 qualitative Test, V2.0 (Roche Molecular System, Inc, USA) following the company procedures. Molecular diagnosis was performed using the same kits using an algorithm of three identical PCRs. The Epi Info version 7 software was used for data analysis with a significance threshold of 5%. A total of 10,714 samples of infants and children born to HIV-positive mothers were analyzed by PCR. Ninety-six percent of mothers were on ARV prophylaxis (AZT 3TC NVP and AZT NVP) and 60% of newborns received the same ARV prophylaxis. Of these children, 956 tested positive with an overall transmission rate of 8.92%, varying between 7.27% in 2009 and 08.01% in 2018. This rate was relatively low among children receiving prophylaxis at 2.04% and remained high for children who received breastfeeding at 5.62%. However, the transmission rate remains low for those who have benefited from mixed and artificial breastfeeding at 1.58% and 1.27% respectively. A significant proportion of children remained infected by their mothers during pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding. This study shows the importance of early diagnosis of HIV in children using molecular technology.

关键词： Early Diagnosis Mothers-to-Child Newborns PCR DNA HIV-1

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Prevalence, correlates, attitude and treatment seeking of erectile dysfunction among type 2 diabetic Chinese men attending primary care outpatient clinics

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第5期16卷 755-760,I0010页

作者： Wai Hon Lo Sau nga Fu Carlos King Ho Wong Ee San Chen Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care Kowloon West Cluster Hospital Authority Hong Kong China Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Linguistics School of Humanities University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

To investigate the prevalence, correlates, attitude and treatment seeking behavior of erectile dysfunction （ed） in type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） patients in the primary care setting, a multi-center cross-sectional survey using a structured anonymous self-administered questionnaire was performed in 10 general outpatient clinics. Of the 603 subjects （91% response rate）, the prevalence of ed men, as defined by the International Index of Erectile Function, was 79.1%. Most subjects had mild ed （28.9%）, followed by mild-to-moderate ed （27.9%）, then moderate ed （13.4%） and severe ed （9%）. Nearly 55% of those with ed did not consider themselves as having ed. Less than 10% of them had ever sought medical treatment, although 76.1% of them wished to receive management from doctor（s） should they be diagnosed with ed. They considered the most important management from doctors to be clinical assessment （41.7%）, followed by management of potential underlying cause （37.8%）, referral to specialist （27.5%）, education （23.9%）, prescription of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors （16.9%） and referral to ~：ounseling service （6.7%）. The prevalence of ed was strongly associated with subjects who thought they had ed （odds ratio （OR） = 90.49 （20.00-409.48, P 〈 0.001）） and were from the older age group （OR = 1.043 （1.011-1.076, P = 0.008））. In conclusion, ed is highly prevalent among T2DM men. The majority of them wanted management from doctors should they have ed, but only a minority would actually voice out the request. Screening of ed among T2DM men using structural questionnaire allowed the diagnosis of more than half of the ed cases, which otherwise would have gone undiagnosed.

关键词： diabetes mellitus erectile dysfunction prevalence risk factors

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A　Study　on　the　Reaction　Mechanism　of　Bromocresol　Green　with　Bovine　Serum　Albumin

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1996年第11期7卷 1029-1032页

作者： Zhu, K Li, ka Tong, SY BEIJING UNIV DEPT CHEMBEIJING 100871PEOPLES R CHINA

The protein assay with bromocresol green (BCG) method is commonly ed because of itsconvenience, but it is not well understood on a molecular level. In this paper, the study on thereaction between BCG and bovine serum albumin (BSA) is reported The binding numbers and thebinding conStants are given at different pH by using three methods with relevant comparison. It wasProved that there were three sorts of binding siteS of BSA to react with BCG and BCG transformedinto its boo form in the presence of BSA.

关键词： Reaction Mechanism the Bovine Green Bromocresol

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Petrogenesis, LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb geochronology and geodynamic implications of the Kribi metavolcanic rocks,Nyong Group, Congo craton

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Acta Geochimica 2022年第3期41卷 470-495页

作者： Hermine Mvodo Sylvestre ganno Gus Djibril Kouankap Nono Donald Hermann Fossi Philomene Estelle nga Essomba Marvine Nzepang Tankwa Jean Paul Nzenti Department of Earth Sciences University of YaoundéIP.O.Box 812YaoundeCameroon Department of Geology HTTCUniversity of BamendaP.O.Box 39BambiliBamendaCameroon Institute for Geological and Mining Research P.O.Box 4110YaoundéCameroon Faculty of Mines and Petroleum Industries University of MarouaKaélé08MarouaCameroon

Metavolcanic rocks are well-exposed in the Kribi area within the Nyong Group, Congo craton, but their origin, age, and tectonic significance are poorly *** we report integrated field mapping and petrography,geochemistry, and LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb ages of these metavolcanic rocks to constrain their petrogenesis and geodynamic implications. The studied rocks consist of mafic granulite, garnet-amphibole gneiss, and garnet-biotite gneiss, and occur interbanded with sharp contact and intruded by syenite dyke. These metavolcanic rocks are classified as MORB-like tholeiitic to calc-alkaline basalts,basaltic andesite, and rhyodacite rocks with within-plate setting geochemical signatures. The metabasite rocks(basalt to basaltic andesite protolith) are likely the equivalent of a spinel peridotite product representing ~ 2–5 %partial melting of metasomatized mantle source, while the metarhyodacite rocks are derived from the fractional crystallization of the same parental magma. Zircon U-Pb data revealed that the rhyodacite rocks initially formed at2671 ± 51 Ma and underwent later metamorphism at2065 ± 55 Ma. The Neoarchean protolith age is comparable to the ca. 2628 Ma tholeiitic magmatism and ca.2666 Ma high-K granites, suggesting bimodal Neoarchean magmatic event within the Ntem Complex, while the metamorphic ages fall within the ca. 2100–2000 Ma highgrade tectono-metamorphic event attributed to Eburnean/Trans-Amazonian orogeny. At the regional scale,metavolcanic rocks with similar origins and ages are documented in the Sa o Francisco Craton in Brazil, suggesting comparable geodynamic evolution on both sides of the south Atlantic during the Paleoproterozoic.

关键词： Metavolcanic rocks MORB Within plate volcanic zone Mantle source Fractional crystallization Congo craton Cameroon

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A machine learning model for colorectal liver metastasis post-hepatectomy prognostications

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第4期12卷 495-506,I0007-I0016页

作者： Cynthia Sin nga Lam Alina Ashok Bharwani Evelyn Hui Yi Chan Vernice Hui Yan Chan Howard Lai Ho Au Margaret kay Ho Shireen Rashed Bernard Ming Hong Kwong Wentao Fang ka Wing Ma Chung Mau Lo Tan To Cheung Li ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Surgery Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Background:Currently,surgical resection is the mainstay for colorectal liver metastases(CRLM)management and the only potentially curative treatment *** tools can support patient selection for surgical resection to maximize therapeutic *** study aimed to develop a survival prediction model using machine learning based on a multicenter patient sample in Hong ***:Patients who underwent hepatectomy for CRLM between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2018 in four hospitals in Hong Kong were included in the *** analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards(CPH).A stepwise selection on Cox multivariable models with Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator(LASSO)regression was applied to a multiply-imputed dataset to build a prediction *** model was validated in the validation set,and its performance was compared with that of Fong Clinical Risk Score(CRS)using concordance ***:A total of 572 patients were included with a median follow-up of 3.6 *** full models for overall survival(OS)and recurrence-free survival(RFS)consist of the same 8 established and novel variables,namely colorectal cancer nodal stage,CRLM neoadjuvant treatment,Charlson Comorbidity Score,pre-hepatectomy bilirubin and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)levels,CRLM largest tumor diameter,extrahepatic metastasis detected on positron emission-tomography(PET)-scan as well as KRAS *** CRLM Machine-learning Algorithm Prognostication model(CMAP)demonstrated better ability to predict OS(C-index=0.651),compared with the Fong CRS for 1-year(C-index=0.571)and 5-year OS(C-index=0.574).It also achieved a C-index of 0.651 for ***:We present a promising machine learning algorithm to individualize prognostications for patients following resection of CRLM with good discriminative ability.

关键词： Machine-learning colorectal liver metastasis(CRLM) prognostic model survival analysis hepatectomy outcome

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Geodesic metrics on fractals and applications to heat kernel estimates

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Science China Mathematics 2023年第5期66卷 907-934页

作者： Qingsong Gu ka-Sing Lau Hua Qiu Huo-Jun Ruan Department of Mathematics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Department of Mathematics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Mathematics University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15217USA School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

It is well known that for a Brownian motion, if we change the medium to be inhomogeneous by a measure μ, then the new motion(the time-changed process) will diffuse according to a different metric D(·, ·).In 2009, Kigami initiated a general scheme to construct such metrics through some self-similar weight functions g on the symbolic space. In order to provide concrete models to Kigami’s theoretical construction, in this paper,we give a thorough study of his metric on two classes of fractals of primary importance: the nested fractals and the generalized Sierpinski carpets;we further assume that the weight functions g := ga are generated by“symmetric” weights a. Let M be the domain of a such that Dgadefines a metric, and let S be the boundary of M. One of our main results is that the metrics from ga satisfy the metric chain condition if and only if a ∈ *** determine M and S, we provide a recursive weight transfer construction on the nested fractals, and a basic symmetric argument on the Sierpinski carpet. As an application, we use the metric chain condition to obtain the lower estimate of the sub-gaussian heat kernel. This together with the upper estimate obtained by Kigami allows us to have a concrete class of metrics for the time change, and the two-sided sub-gaussian heat kernel estimate on the fundamental fractals.

关键词： Brownian motion heat kernel metric chain condition nested fractal quasisymmetry resistance metric Sierpinski carpet weight function

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The structure of acidic ribosomal P protein and Its Interaction with ribosome-inactivating protein

The structure of acidic ribosomal P protein and Its Interact...

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21st IUBMB and 12th FAOBMB International Congress of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

作者： kam-Bo Wong ka-Ming Lee Priscllia.Hui-Mei Too Amanda nga-Sze Mak Pang-Chul Shaw Department of Biochemistry and Centre for Protein Science and Crystallography Faculty of ScienceThe Chinese University of Hong Kong

＜正＞Ribosome-inactivating proteins（RIPs） inhibit protein synthesis by enzymatically depurinating Adenine-4324 residue at the 28s *** systematic deletion analysis,our group has found that trichosanthin（TCS）,a ribosome-inactivating protein with multiple pharmacological properties,interacts with the C-terminal region of the ribosomal P2 protein,which is conserved among

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Evolution of Mother-to-Child HIV-1 Transmission Rate in Mali from 2009 to 2018

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Advances in Microbiology（微生物学） 2024年第5期 256页

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Geochemistry and zircon U–Pb ages of the Paleoproterozoic ultramafic rocks of the Mbi Valley, Boali area, Central African Republic

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Acta Geochimica 2022年第3期41卷 515-535页

作者： Evine Laure Njiosseu Tanko Prince Emilien Danguene Philomene nga Essomba Tsoungui Sylvestre ganno Jonas Didero Takodjou Wambo Bertin Guy Takam Tchoupe Gus Djibril Kouankap Nono Timoleon Ngnotue Boniface kankeu Jean Biandja Jean Paul Nzenti Department of Earth Sciences University of DschangP.O.Box 67DschangCameroon Department of Earth Sciences University of BanguiP.O.Box 908BanguiCentral African Republic Department of Mining Engineering and Mineral Processing School of Mines and Petroleum IndustriesUniversity of MarouaP.O.Box 08Kaélé-MarouaCameroon Department of Earth Sciences University of YaoundéIP.O.Box 812YaoundéCameroon Department of Geology HTTCUniversity of BamendaP.O.Box 39BambiliBamendaCameroon Institute for Geological and Mining Researches(IGMR) P.O.Box 4110YaoundéCameroon

This paper investigates the geochemistry of bulk rock and infers the petrogenesis of ultramafic rocks in the Boali Precambrian terrane in Mbi Valley,in the North of the Central African Republic(CAR).The studied rocks comprise coarse primary olivine and orthopyroxene relics(dominant phase),magnesio-hornblende,magnetite,and ***-rock analysis indicates low SiO_(2)(average of 43.14 wt%)and high MgO(19.84–26.98 wt%)contents and their Mg number(Mg#)ranges from 74 to ***(526–865 ppm),Cr(1500–3680 ppm)***(Na_(2)O-K_(2)O)-FeO-MgO)and ACM(Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO-MgO)ternary diagrams have revealed that the studied samples correspond to arc-related ultramafic ***-normalized REE plots display an increasing trend from La to Sm(CeN/SmN:0.74–1.81),weak negative to no Eu(Eu/Eu*=0.72–1.05)and strong negative Ce(Ce/Ce*=0.33–0.98)*** mantle normalized of multi-element diagrams exhibit LREE enrichment and large ion lithophile elements(LILE)relative to high field strength elements(HFSE),and notable negative anomalies in *** suggests the generation of the parent melt by slab dehydration and wedge melting *** addition,incompatible trace element composition and ratios assumed that the source magma had an enhanced mantle source associated with a prominent influence of continental *** of mantle wedge by plate-dehydrated,LILE-rich fluids and the incorporation of sediments derived from subduction explain the enhancement of the *** major and trace element compositions jointly with the tectonic reconstruction of this region and LA-ICP-MS U–Pb data on zircon constrain the emplacement age at ca.2099 Ma in a continental margin arc setting involving subduction of an oceanic plate beneath the continental lithosphere,dehydration of the slab and mantle wedge *** result intimate that the remnants of Paleoproterozoic oceanic crust or subduction event and subsequent basins closure extended from

关键词： Atlantic supercontinent Central African Republic Ultramafic cumulate LILE-enriched fluids Arc setting

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Epidemiological Profile of Chronic Kidney Disease at the General Hospital of National Reference of N’Djamena (Chad)

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2016年第3期6卷 78-85页

作者： Ibrahim Hamat Guillaume Mahamat Abderraman Zeinab Maïga Moussa Tondi Mahamat Youssouf Mouhammadou Moustapha Cisse Fotclossou Tara Elhaj Fary ka Abdou Niang Boucar Diouf Nephrology-Hemodialysis Unit General Hospital of National Reference of N’Djamena N’Djamena Chad Service of Nephrology National Hospital of Lamordé of Niamey Niamey Niger Internal medicine Renaissance Hospital of N’Djamena N’Djamena Chad Service of Nephrology Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Chronic renal failure is a disease that affects many patients worldwide and increasingly in Africa. At the end of 2003, about 1.1 million people were suffering from End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and were treated with periodic dialysis [12]. In Africa, CKF represents 2% to 10% of hospital admissions and is responsible for 4% to 22% of deaths [14]. So, this study is conducted for the first time in Chad, with the aims to determine the prevalence of CKD. Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study over a period of 12 months from April 29, 2011 to April 28, 2012. All patients with chronic renal failure regardless of etiology and stage of chronic kidney disease were included in the study. Chronic renal failure was defined as a glomerular filtration rate below 60 ml/min/1.73m (MDRD) for more than 3 months. This study was conducted in several departments of the National General Reference Hospital (NGRH) of N’Djamena. Result: Among 2039 inpatients, 195 patients had chronic renal failure, as a frequency of 9.6%. The average age of our patients was 51 ± 16.8 years, ranging from 11 to 85 years. Male predominance was noted to be 59% of men against 41% of women. We noted that high blood pressure accounted for 66.2% (N = 129) of cases, diabetes in 48.2% (N = 94), alcoholism in 28.7% (N = 56), smoking in 14.9% (N = 29) and the association alcoholism-smoking in 19.5% (N = 38). Hypertension was the leading cause of chronic renal failure (66.2%). All patients had a serum creatinine and creatinine clearance was assessed. Among them, we noted 57 patients (29%) with end-stage renal failure. The average calcium and phosphate serum were 1.8 mmol/l and 1.6 mmol/l, respectively. We noted that 120 patients as 61.5%, currently took herbal medicine. 48 out of 57 of our patients with ESRD as 24.6% of patients in the study had received replacement therapy (hemodialysis) with 12.5% of deaths. Conclusion: Chad, who compiled the first study with 195 patients at

关键词： Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology N’djamena Chad

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