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Characterization of Hand,Foot,and Mouth Disease in China between 2008 and 2009

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2011年第3期24卷 214-221页

作者： ZHANG Jing SUN JunLing CHANG ZhaoRui ZHANG WeiDong WANG zijun feng ZiJian Disease Control and Emergency Response Office Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing102206 China

Objective To investigate the epidemiological and cl （HFMD） since several outbreaks of HFMD caused between 2007 and 2008. inical features of hand, foot and mouth disease by enteroviruses were documented in China Methods HFMD cases reported to the National Infectious Disease Information Management System database between May 2008 and April 2009 were assessed. Clinical features in some of the severe and fatal cases were analyzed the etiology of the outbreaks was investigated. Results 89.1% of reported HFMD cases were found in children〈5 year-old with an age-specific incidence rate of 834.1/100 000 in the first year as the notifiable disease in China from May 2008 to April 2009. The incidence, mortality and percentage of severe cases were studied for three regions of China and found to be highest in the central region. The incidence of severe cases and mortality in rural population were significantly higher than those in urban population. Among the laboratory confirmed EV17 positive cases there were 52.6% mild, 83.5% severe, and 96.1% fatal cases. More myoclonic jerks were found in the severe case group than in group that died. Tachypnea, lip purpling, pink foaming and low limb temperature occurred more frequently in the fatal cases than in the severe cases. Conclusion The epidemic of HFMD in China was characterized predominantly by EV71 infections, had relatively high mortality rates especially in the central region, and was most prevalent in young, rural populations.

关键词： Hand, foot, and mouth disease Enterovirus Epidemiology Clinical features

Rational Design of a Near-infrared Fluorescent Material with High Solid-state Efficiency,Aggregation-induced Emission and Live Cell Imaging Property

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2022年第6期38卷 1461-1466页

作者： SHANG Anqi ZHAO Lele LI Zhenhua CHENG Zhuang JIN Haixu feng zijun CHEN Zhijun ZHANG Haiquan LU Ping State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004P.R.China

Near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent materials with high photoluminescent quantum yields(PLQYs)have wide application ***,we design and synthesize a D-A type NIR organic molecule,TPATHCNE,in which triphenylamine and thiophene are utilized as the donors and fumaronitrile is applied as the *** systematically investigate its molecular structure and photophysical *** shows high T_(g) of 110℃ and T_(d) of 385℃ and displays an aggregation-induced emission(AIE)property.A narrow optical bandgap of 1.65 eV is *** non-doped film of TPATHCNE exhibits a high PLQY of 40.3%with an emission peak at 732 nm,which is among the best values of NIR *** TPATHCNE is applied in organic light-emitting diode(OLED),the electroluminescent peak is located at 716 nm with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 0.83%.With the potential in cell imaging,the polystyrene maleic anhydride(PMSA)modified TPATHCNE nanoparticles(NPs)emit strong fluorescence when labeling HeLa cancer cells,suggesting that TPATHCNE can be used as a fluorescent carrier for specific staining or drug delivery for cellular *** NPs fabricated by bovine serum protein(BSA)are cultivated with mononuclear yeast cells,and the intense intracellular red fluorescence indicates that it can be adopted as a specific stain for imaging.

关键词： Near-infrared emission Aggregation-induced emission High solid-state efficiency Organic light-emitting diode

A brief introduction to disaster rock mass mechanics

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Geohazard Mechanics 2023年第1期1卷 53-57页

作者： Yangsheng Zhao zijun feng Key Laboratory of In-situ Property-improving Mining of Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China College of Mining Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China

Rock mass mechanics can be classified into engineering rock mass mechanics and disaster rock mass mechanics based on science and *** conception,object,scientific essence and application were *** connotation,studying method and theoretical framework of disaster rock mass mechanics were *** rock mass mechanics is a strongly nonlinear discipline which is a strong tool to study natural and artificially-induced *** rock mass system where disasters happen exhibits extremely spatial-temporal nonlinearity in the critically unstable ***,the potentially effective prediction and forecasting of disasters depends on statistical analysis of highly probable *** direction of efforts for predicting and forecasting disasters could be to find the quantitative or semi-quantitative relationship between physical and biological information and instability of rock mass system.

关键词： Disaster rock mass mechanics Engineering rock mass mechanics Nonlinear Rock mass system Disaster prediction and forecast

高温高压下不同结构形式裂缝充填花岗岩热力学特性

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煤炭学报 2024年第6期49卷 2660-2674页

作者：阴伟涛冯子军太原理工大学原位改性采矿教育部重点实验室山西太原030024

深部干热岩地热能储层一般为非完整岩体,含有大量因地质构造运动形成的裂缝。构造裂缝随后被热液充填,这种储层被称为裂缝充填储层。为指导深部干热岩地热开发,利用太原理工大学自主研制600℃高温高压岩体三轴试验机研究了中国山西芦芽... 详细信息

深部干热岩地热能储层一般为非完整岩体,含有大量因地质构造运动形成的裂缝。构造裂缝随后被热液充填,这种储层被称为裂缝充填储层。为指导深部干热岩地热开发,利用太原理工大学自主研制600℃高温高压岩体三轴试验机研究了中国山西芦芽山花岗岩母岩(Ⅰ类花岗岩)、热液充填体(Ⅱ类花岗岩)、充填体与母岩胶结界面横向贯通试样花岗岩(Ⅲ类花岗岩)、充填体与母岩胶结界面纵向贯通试样花岗岩(Ⅳ型花岗岩)等4类花岗岩高温(500℃)高压(20 MPa围压)条件下的热力学特性。研究得出4类花岗岩热膨胀系数随温度升高可分为低温缓慢波动段、中低温快速增加段以及中高温快速减小段3个阶段。4类花岗岩弹性模量随温度升高先缓慢增加后快速降低,溶蚀孔隙结构以及低键合强度矿物的存在导致热液充填体弹性模量最低。此外,得出裂缝充填花岗岩体内原生裂缝闭合的临界温度大约为200℃;胶结界面附近充填体恢复弱面结构特性的临界温度为250℃左右。最后,得出了4类花岗岩高温高压条件下的破坏形式。裂缝充填花岗岩体内的母岩粗晶粒边界处、热液充填体溶蚀孔隙处和胶结界面处极有可能会在水力压裂建造储层过程中形成大范围高效导水通道,为干热岩地热开采储层建造理论和技术提供新的思路。

关键词：裂缝充填花岗岩高温高压微观结构矿物特征热力学特性干热岩地热开发

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断层岩体剪切滑移变形及其临界应力判别准则

太原理工大学学报 2022年第6期53卷 997-1003页

作者：赵鹏冯子军太原理工大学矿业工程学院太原030024 太原理工大学原位改性采矿教育部重点实验室太原030024

为揭示断层岩体在滑动摩擦过程中的应力及运动规律,利用自主研制的裂隙岩体大位移剪切变形装置,研究了单裂隙花岗岩在法向应力等梯度递减过程中的剪切滑移特征及滑移临界应力状态。摩擦强化作用下,单裂隙花岗岩的失稳滑移变形不会无限增... 详细信息

为揭示断层岩体在滑动摩擦过程中的应力及运动规律,利用自主研制的裂隙岩体大位移剪切变形装置,研究了单裂隙花岗岩在法向应力等梯度递减过程中的剪切滑移特征及滑移临界应力状态。摩擦强化作用下,单裂隙花岗岩的失稳滑移变形不会无限增长,其滑移临界剪切应力约为该状态下法向应力的1.79倍,在法向应力等梯度降低过程中,最大剪应力降低速率平均约0.145 MPa/s,最大滑移速率平均约8.4μm/s,最大滑移加速度平均约0.547μm/s^(2);借助莫尔-库仑失稳准则建立了临界滑移条件下各应力参数之间的理论模型,将模型与实测参数比较,认为该模型可以较好地匹配实验结果。该结果对预判及评估深度地层裂隙岩体失稳滑移及临界应力状态有一定的参考价值。

关键词：断层岩体摩擦滑动剪切变形莫尔-库仑准则

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片上多处理器中延迟和容量权衡的cache结构

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计算机研究与发展 2009年第1期46卷 167-175页

作者：肖俊华冯子军章隆兵中国科学院计算技术研究所系统结构重点实验室北京100190 中国科学院研究生院北京100049

片上多处理器中二级cache的设计面临着延迟和容量不能同时满足的矛盾,私有结构有较小的命中延迟但是减少了cache的有效容量,共享结构能增加cache的有效容量但是有较长的命中延迟.提出了一种适用于CMP的cache结构——延迟和容量权衡的ca... 详细信息

片上多处理器中二级cache的设计面临着延迟和容量不能同时满足的矛盾,私有结构有较小的命中延迟但是减少了cache的有效容量,共享结构能增加cache的有效容量但是有较长的命中延迟.提出了一种适用于CMP的cache结构——延迟和容量权衡的cache结构(TCLC).该结构是一种混合私有结构和共享结构的设计,核心思想是动态识别cache块的共享类型,根据不同共享类型分别对其进行优化,对私有cache块采用迁移的优化策略,对共享只读cache块采用复制的优化策略,对共享读写cache块采用中心放置的优化策略,以期达到访问延迟接近私有结构,有效容量接近共享结构的目的,从而缓解线延迟的影响,减少平均内存访问延迟.全系统模拟的实验结果表明,采用TCLC结构,相对于私有结构性能平均提高13.7%,相对于共享结构性能平均提高12%.

关键词：片上多处理器 TCLC 二级cache 复制迁移中心放置

Prospect of HDR geothermal energy exploitation in Yangbajing,Tibet,China,and experimental investigation of granite under high temperature and high pressure

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2011年第3期3卷 260-269页

作者： Yangsheng Zhao zijun feng Baoping Xi Jinchang Zhao Zhijun Wan Anchao Zhou College of Mining Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China School of Mines China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221008 China

Hot dry rock （HDR） geothermal energy, almost inexhaustible green energy, was first put forward in the 1970s. The development and testing of HDR geothermal energy are well reported in USA, Japan, UK, France and other countries or regions. In this paper, the geological characters of Yangbajing basin were first analyzed, including the continental dynamic environments to form HDR geothermal fields in Tibet, the tectonic characteristics of south slope of Nyainqentanglha and Dangxiong-Yangbajing basin, and the in-situ stresses based on the investigations conducted, and then the site-specific mining scheme of HDR geothermal resources was proposed. For the potential development of HDR geothermal energy, a series of experiments were conducted on large-scale granite samples, 200 mm in diameter and 400 mm in length, at high temperature and high triaxial pressure for cutting fragmentation and borehole stability. For the borehole stability test, a hole of 40 mm in diameter and 400 mm in length was aforehand drilled in the prepared intact granite sample. The results indicate that the cutting velocity obviously increases with temperature when bit pressure is over a certain value, while the unit rock-breaking energy consumption decreases and the rock-breaking efficiency increases with temperature at the triaxial pressure of 100 MPa. The critical temperature and pressure that can result in intensive damage to granite are 400-500℃ and 100-125 MPa, respectively.

关键词： hot dry rock (HDR) geothermal energy exploitation high temperature and high pressure cutting fragmentation borehole stability

花岗岩干热岩体裂隙的大位移动态剪切-渗流特征

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煤炭学报 2023年第3期48卷 1139-1154页

作者：赵鹏冯子军南翰墨李杰太原理工大学矿业工程学院山西太原030024 太原理工大学原位改性采矿教育部重点实验室山西太原030024

水力剪切是干热岩地热、页岩气等深部能源开采的又一重要技术手段,水力剪切在提高储层渗透性的同时还会诱发地震。水力剪切增透和注入诱发地震的本质均是节理裂隙/断层的剪切-渗流。为深入研究不同诱因下,节理裂隙/断层岩体的剪切-渗流... 详细信息

水力剪切是干热岩地热、页岩气等深部能源开采的又一重要技术手段,水力剪切在提高储层渗透性的同时还会诱发地震。水力剪切增透和注入诱发地震的本质均是节理裂隙/断层的剪切-渗流。为深入研究不同诱因下,节理裂隙/断层岩体的剪切-渗流特性演化特征,利用自主研发的高围压大位移实时剪切渗流装置,研究了花岗岩干热岩体裂隙在剪切蠕变、剪应力增加、水压力增加和位移速率增加4种诱因引起的滑动过程中的渗流特征,并利用现有的速率-状态方程分析了诱发地震过程中裂隙/断层的摩擦特性。结果表明:①在三轴静水压力下,花岗岩裂隙内的注水压力与注水流量之间呈线性关系,裂隙的等效张开度与渗透率随法向应力的增加呈负指数衰减特征。②剪切蠕变、注水压力、剪切应力速率和剪切位移速率4种诱因所引起的裂隙/断层的黏滑均导致裂隙/断层的渗透性显著增加,且滑移变形和滑移速率越大,渗透率增幅越大。4种诱因中,剪切蠕变引起的渗透率增幅最小,剪切应力速率引起的渗透率增幅最大。③在剪切-渗流过程中,速率-状态摩擦定律仍然可以用于分析裂隙/断层的稳定性特征,随着黏滑次数的增多,剪切应力降、b值(即摩擦因数随时间或变形的降幅)及滑移速率等摩擦参数在规则黏滑中以对数形式增长,断层滑移的不稳定程度增加;而在混沌黏滑中,上述参数符合朗格缪尔方程,并趋向于0,断层滑移的不稳定程度降低。

关键词：水力剪切注入诱发地震剪切-渗流干热岩地热储层改造

Application of acid-stable zeolite membrane reactor to the esterification by pervaporation

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Application of acid-stable zeolite membrane reactor to the e...