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Silicon-based optical phased array with a reconfigurable aperture for“gaze”scanning of LiDAR

Photonics Research 2024年第5期12卷 932-940页

作者： HEMING HU YAFANG HE BAISONG CHEN ZIMING WANG YINGzhi LI QIJIE XIE QUANXIN NA zihao zhi XUETONG LI HUAN QU PATRICK LO JUNFENG SONG State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518000China Advance Micro Foundry Pte.Ltd. Singapore 117685Singapore

Light detection and ranging(LiDAR)serves as one of the key components in the fields of autonomous driving,surveying mapping,and environment detection.Conventionally,dense points clouds are pursued by LiDAR systems to provide high-definition 3D images.However,the LiDAR is typically used to produce abundant yet redundant data for scanning the homogeneous background of scenes,resulting in power waste and excessive processing time.Hence,it is highly desirable for a LiDAR system to“gaze”at the target of interest by dense scanning and rough sparse scans on the uninteresting areas.Here,we propose a LiDAR structure based on an optical phased array(OPA)with reconfigurable apertures to achieve such a gaze scanning function.By virtue of the cascaded optical switch integrated on the OPA chip,a 64-,128-,192-,or 256-channel antenna can be selected discretionarily to construct an aperture with variable size.The corresponding divergence angles for the far-field beam are 0.32°,0.15°,0.10°,and 0.08°,respectively.The reconfigurable-aperture OPA enables the LiDAR system to perform rough scans via the large beam spots prior to fine scans of the target by using the tiny beam spots.In this way,the OPA-based LiDAR can perform the“gaze”function and achieve full-range scanning efficiently.The scanning time and power consumption can be reduced by 1/4 while precise details of the target are maintained.Finally,we embed the OPA into a frequency-modulated continuous-wave(FMCW)system to demonstrate the“gaze”function in beam scanning.Experiment results show that the number of precise scanning points can be reduced by 2/3 yet can obtain the reasonable outline of the target.The reconfigurable-aperture OPA(RA-OPA)can be a promising candidate for the applications of rapid recognition,like car navigation and robot vision.

关键词： reconfigurable optical antenna

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Three-terminal germanium-on-silicon avalanche photodiode with extended p-charge layer for dark current reduction

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Photonics Research 2022年第8期10卷 1956-1963页

作者： XIAOBIN LIU XUETONG LI YUXUAN LI YINGzhi LI zihao zhi MIN TAO BAISONG CHEN LANXUAN ZHANG PENGFEI GUO GUOQIANG LO XUEYAN LI FENGLI GAO BONAN KANG JUNFENG SONG State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Advance Micro Foundry Pte Ltd Singapore 117685Singapore Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518000China

Germanium-on-silicon(Ge-on-Si) avalanche photodiodes(APDs) are widely used in near-infrared detection, laser ranging, free space communication, quantum communication, and other fields. However, the existence of lattice defects at the Ge/Si interface causes a high dark current in the Ge-on-Si APD, degrading the device sensitivity and also increasing energy consumption in integrated circuits. In this work, we propose a novel surface illuminated Ge-on-Si APD architecture with three terminals. Besides two electrodes on Si substrates, a third electrode is designed for Ge to regulate the control current and bandwidth, achieving multiple outputs of a single device and reducing the dark current of the device. When the voltage on Ge is -27.5 V, the proposed device achieves a dark current of 100 n A, responsivity of 9.97 A/W at -40 d Bm input laser power at 1550 nm, and optimal bandwidth of 142 MHz. The low dark current and improved responsivity can meet the requirements of autonomous driving and other applications demanding weak light detection.

关键词： avalanche charge driving

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On-chip generation of Bessel–Gaussian beam via concentrically distributed grating arrays for long-range sensing

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第5期12卷 817-825页

作者： zihao zhi Quanxin Na Qijie Xie Baisong Chen Yingzhi Li Xiaobin Liu Xuetong Li Lijun Wang Guoqiang Lo Junfeng Song State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518000China State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Application Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033China Advance Micro Foundry Pte.Ltd. 11 Science Park RoadScience Park II 117685Singapore

Bessel beam featured with self-healing is essential to the optical sensing applications in the obstacle scattering environment.Integrated on-chip generation of the Bessel beam outperforms the conventional structure by small size,robustness,and alignment-free scheme.However,the maximum propagation distance(Z_(max))provided by the existing approaches cannot support long-range sensing,and thus,it restricts its potential applications.In this work,we propose an integrated silicon photonic chip with unique structures featured with concentrically distributed grating arrays to generate the Bessel-Gaussian beam with a long propagation distance.The spot with the Bessel function profile is measured at 10.24m without optical lenses,and the photonic chip’s operation wavelength can be continuously performed from 1500 to 1630 nm.To demonstrate the functionality of the generated Bessel-Gaussian beam,we also experimentally measure the rotation speeds of a spinning object via the rotational Doppler Effect and the distance through the phase laser ranging principle.The maximum error of the rotation speed in this experiment is measured to be 0.05%,indicating the minimum error in the current reports.By the compact size,low cost,and mass production potential of the integrated process,our approach is promising to readily enable the Bessel-Gaussian beam in widespread optical communication and micro-manipulation applications.

关键词： scattering Bessel beam

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Wide-steering-angle high-resolution optical phased array

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Photonics Research 2021年第12期9卷 2511-2518页

作者： YINGzhi LI BAISONG CHEN QUANXIN NA QIJIE XIE MIN TAO LANXUAN ZHANG zihao zhi YUXUAN LI XIAOBIN LIU XIANSHU LUO GUOQIANG LO FENGLI GAO XUEYAN LI JUNFENG SONG State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518000China Advance Micro Foundry Pte.Ltd. Singapore 117685Singapore

Optical phased array(OPA)technology is considered a promising solution for solid-state beam steering to supersede the traditional mechanical beam steering.As a key component of the LIDAR system for long-range detection,OPAs featuring a wide steering angle and high resolution without beam aliasing are highly desired.However,a wide steering range requires a waveguide pitch less than half of the wavelength,which is easily subjected to cross talk.Besides,high resolution requires a large aperture,and it is normally achieved by a high count number of waveguides,which complicates the control system.To solve the mentioned issues,we design two high-performance 128-channel OPAs fabricated on a multilayered SiN-on-SOI platform.Attributed to the nonuniform antenna pitch,only 128 waveguides are used to achieve a 4 mm wide aperture.Besides,by virtue of innovative dual-level silicon nitride(Si_(3)N_(4))waveguide grating antennas,the fishbone antenna OPA achieves a 100°×19.4°field of view(FOV)with divergence of 0.021°×0.029°,and the chain antenna OPA realizes a 140°×19.23°FOV with divergence of 0.021°×0.1°.To our best knowledge,140°is the widest lateral steering range in two-dimensional OPA,and 0.029°is the smallest longitudinal divergence.Finally,we embed the OPA into a frequency-modulated continuous-wave system to achieve 100 m distance measurement.The reflected signal from 100 m distance is well detected with 26 dBm input transmitter power,which proves that OPA serves as a promising candidate for transceiving optical signal in a LIDAR system.

关键词： antenna waveguide resolution

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GLUL stabilizes N-Cadherin by antagonizing β-Catenin to inhibit the progresses of gastric cancer

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 698-711页

作者： Qiwei Jiang Yong Li Songwang Cai Xingyuan Shi Yang Yang zihao Xing Zhenjie He Shengte Wang Yubin Su Meiwan Chen Zhesheng Chen zhi Shi Department of Cell Biology&Institute of Biomedicine National Engineering Research Center of Genetic MedicineState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability AssessmentMOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular BiologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering MedicineCollege of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery&General Surgery the Guangdong Provincial People’s HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080China Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Department of Radiation Oncology The Fifth Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510150China State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacao 519000China Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt.John’s UniversityQueensNY 11439USA

Glutamate-ammonia ligase(GLUL, also known as glutamine synthetase) is a crucial enzyme that catalyzes ammonium and glutamate into glutamine in the ATP-dependent condensation. Although GLUL plays a critical role in multiple cancers, the expression and function of GLUL in gastric cancer remain unclear. In the present study, we have found that the expression level of GLUL was significantly lower in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and correlated with N stage and TNM stage, and low GLUL expression predicted poor survival for gastric cancer patients. Knockdown of GLUL promoted the growth, migration, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, and vice versa, which was independent of its enzyme activity. Mechanistically, GLUL competed with β-Catenin to bind to N-Cadherin, increased the stability of N-Cadherin and decreased the stability of β-Catenin by alerting their ubiquitination. Furthermore, there were lower N-Cadherin and higher β-Catenin expression levels in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. GLUL protein expression was correlated with that of N-Cadherin, and could be the independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer. Our findings reveal that GLUL stabilizes N-Cadherin by antagonizing β-Catenin to inhibit the progress of gastric cancer.

关键词： Gastric cancer GLUL N-Cadherin β-Catenin Enzyme

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基于阳极键合玻璃与铜的钎焊连接机理研究及其力学性能分析

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机械工程学报 2024年第2期60卷 140-149页

作者：贾旭胡利方李子昊郑植刘伟张鹏太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院太原030024 太原理工大学机械与运载工程学院太原030024

以铝箔作为中间层,采用Sn-9Zn-3Bi钎料通过阳极键合及钎焊工艺成功地实现了玻璃与铜片的连接。利用扫描电镜观察了玻璃-铝-钎料-铜接头的微观组织,分别讨论了钎焊温度和钎焊时间对连接过程的影响以及钎料和铝、铜的界面反应演化机制。... 详细信息

以铝箔作为中间层,采用Sn-9Zn-3Bi钎料通过阳极键合及钎焊工艺成功地实现了玻璃与铜片的连接。利用扫描电镜观察了玻璃-铝-钎料-铜接头的微观组织,分别讨论了钎焊温度和钎焊时间对连接过程的影响以及钎料和铝、铜的界面反应演化机制。研究发现玻璃-铝-钎料-铜的连接界面良好,玻璃表面阳极键合的铝箔随钎焊时间的增加逐渐被消耗,当钎焊温度为240℃,钎焊时间为15 min时铝箔消耗完毕。钎料与铜在240℃钎焊温度下随钎焊时间的延长依次出现Cu_(5)Zn_(8)和CuZn_(5)金属间化合物层,且随钎焊时间的延长Cu_(5)Zn_(8)金属间化合物层厚度逐渐增加,CuZn_(5)金属间化合物层由锯齿状逐渐变平缓。研究发现随钎焊温度升高,铝箔同样被逐渐消耗,界面处生成的金属间化合物层厚度也逐渐增加,且CuZn_(5)金属间化合物层锯齿状更加明显。通过剪切试验发现玻璃-铜接头的剪切强度随钎焊时间的延长呈先增加后降低的趋势,在钎焊时间为10min时剪切强度具有最大值20.29 MPa,断裂发生在玻璃基体内部,说明玻璃与铜实现了可靠连接。

关键词：阳极键合钎焊玻璃铝铜

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Germanium-on-silicon avalanche photodiode for 1550 nm weak light signal detection at room temperature

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Chinese Optics Letters 2022年第6期20卷 47-51页

作者：李雨轩刘小斌李雪童张蓝萱陈柏松支自毫李雪妍张国威叶鹏黄冠中何德勇陈巍郜锋利郭鹏飞罗贤树卢国强宋俊峰 State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Advanced Micro Foundry Pte Ltd. Singapore 117685Singpore Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518000China

To optimize the dark current characteristic and detection efficiency of the 1550 nm weak light signal at room temperature,this work proposes a Ge-on-Si avalanche photodiode[APD]in Geiger mode,which could operate at 300 K.This lateral separate absorption charge multiplication APD shows a low breakdown voltage[V_(br)]in Geiger mode of-7.42 V and low dark current of 0.096 n A at unity gain voltage[V_(Gain)=1=-7.03 V].Combined with an RF amplifier module and counter,the detection system demonstrates a low dark count rate[DCR]of 1.1×10^(6) counts per second and high detection efficiencyηof 7.8%for 1550 nm weak coherent pulse detection at 300 K.The APD reported in this work weakens the dependence of the weak optical signal recognition on the low environment temperature and makes single-chip integration of the single-photon level detection system possible.

关键词： avalanche photodiode optical detection optical interconnection

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非正式组织视角下煤矿工人不安全行为形成路径研究

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煤矿安全 2024年第1期55卷 241-249页

作者：李磊李浩李睿涵支梅房子豪王雨秋西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院陕西西安710054

为了探究非正式组织视角下煤矿工人不安全行为的形成路径,找寻影响煤矿工人不安全行为的因素,在现有研究基础上,提出组织环境和社会网络关系对煤矿工人不安全行为具有导向性的假设,通过编制量表、发放问卷的方式收集数据资料,运用SPSS... 详细信息

为了探究非正式组织视角下煤矿工人不安全行为的形成路径,找寻影响煤矿工人不安全行为的因素,在现有研究基础上,提出组织环境和社会网络关系对煤矿工人不安全行为具有导向性的假设,通过编制量表、发放问卷的方式收集数据资料,运用SPSS分析软件、AMOS建模工具进行数据处理和模型拟合,确定了煤矿工人不安全行为的形成路径。结果表明:组织环境和社会网络直接或间接作用于煤矿工人不安全行为;不安全行为形成有2条主路径,分别是组织影响→不安全监督→不安全行为前提条件→煤矿工人不安全行为、关联程度→依赖关系→煤矿工人不安全行为;通过对改善的组织环境和行为监管社会网络关系,提升煤矿工人非正式组织氛围,可以有效减少煤矿工人不安全行为的发生,为煤矿企业管理决策提供新思路。

关键词：非正式组织不安全行为煤矿工人组织环境社会网络关系安全管理企业管理

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Prospering the biphen[n]arenes family by tailoring reaction modules

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第5期33卷 2451-2454页

作者： Kaidi Xu zhi-Yuan Zhang zihao Zhou Chunju Li College of Science Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and CatalysisShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of ChemistryTianjin Normal UniversityTianjin 300387China

Reported here is the comprehensive investigation on the formation of biphen[n]arenes by tailoring reac-tion modules.Five new macrocyclic arenes and four oligomers were synthesized by the condensation of monomers possessing different multimethoxyphenyl reaction modules and paraformaldehyde.We proved that the number and sites of methoxy on reaction modules greatly affected the reaction activity,shape,and connection mode of macrocycles.Moreover,the triangular and saddle-shaped configuration of macro-cycles were revealed by single crystal structures.The results provided a typical and fundamental guidance in designing new macrocyclic arenes.

关键词： Biphen[n]arenes Macrocyclic arenes Synthetic receptors Supramolecular chemistry

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基于有限长线接触理论的齿轨列车齿轮齿条接触分析及齿形优化设计

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机械传动 2024年第6期48卷 124-132页

作者：雷欢欢赵家栋职彦锋师陆冰赵玉凯岳子毫郑州机械研究所有限公司河南郑州450001

为了探究齿轨列车曲线行驶时驱动齿轮与齿条轨道啮合中心距误差和轴线不平行度误差对接触应力分布的影响,基于有限长线接触理论,建立了综合考虑两种误差的齿轮齿条接触应力分析模型;通过与误差条件下的齿轮齿条接触有限元仿真进行对比,... 详细信息

为了探究齿轨列车曲线行驶时驱动齿轮与齿条轨道啮合中心距误差和轴线不平行度误差对接触应力分布的影响,基于有限长线接触理论,建立了综合考虑两种误差的齿轮齿条接触应力分析模型;通过与误差条件下的齿轮齿条接触有限元仿真进行对比,证明建立的模型具有良好的计算精度。基于该模型,研究了不同误差水平和综合两类误差作用下的接触应力响应,揭示了两类误差对接触应力分布的影响机理,并据此提出应对措施。研究结果表明,提出的接触应力分析模型能准确反映啮合中心距误差和轴线不平行度误差综合作用下齿轮齿条的接触情况;接触应力水平随啮合中心距误差的增大而增大,接触应力轴向不均匀程度随轴线不平行度误差的增大而增大;啮合中心距误差会加剧轴线不平行度误差引起的轴向接触应力不均匀性,轴线不平行度误差对啮合中心距误差的作用效果有轻微的抑制作用;啮合中心距误差的内在作用机理是减小了相同载荷水平处的承载面积,轴线不平行误差的内在作用机理是曲线内侧的齿轮齿条率先接触,产生了更大的变形;齿轮挖根可消除轴线不平行误差的影响,齿轮螺旋线修形可降低轴线不平行误差的影响。

关键词：齿轨列车有限长线接触理论齿轮齿条啮合中心距误差轴线不平行度误差齿形优化

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