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Microbiota treatment of functional constipation:Current status and future prospects

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第5期16卷 776-783页

作者： Yan Li Xiao-Han zhang zi-Kai Wang Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Medical School Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China

Functional constipation(FC)is a common disorder that is characterized by diffi-cult stool passage,infrequent bowel movement,or *** is highly prevalent,recurs often,accompanies severe diseases,and affects quality of life;therefore,safe and effective therapy with long-term benefits is urgently *** treatment has potential value for FC *** treatments include modulators such as probiotics,prebiotics,synbiotics,postbiotics,and fecal micro-biota transplantation(FMT).Some probiotics and prebiotics have been adopted,and the efficacy of other microbiota modulators is being *** is con-sidered an emerging field because of its curative effects;nevertheless,substantial work must be performed before clinical implementation.

关键词： Functional constipation Gut microbiota Microbiota modulators Fecal microbiota transplantation Dysbiosis

Brønsted-acid sites induced photocatalytic cracking of low-polarity polyethylene plastics

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 509-515页

作者： Qianyou wen Quan zhang Zhengzheng Liu Huining Wang Shuya Hao Fan zhang Lijuan zhang Qing Han Gengfeng Zheng Laboratory of Advanced Materials Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Polyolefins such as polyethylene(PE)are one of the largest-scale synthetic plastics and play a key role in modern ***,polyethylene is extremely inert to chemical recycling owing to its lack of chemical functionality and low polarity,making it one of the most challenging environmental hazards ***,we developed a phosphorylated CeO_(2)catalyst by an organophosphate precursor and featured efficient photocatalysis of low-density polyethylene(LDPE)without the acid or alkaline *** to pristine CeO_(2),the surface phosphorylation allows to introduce Brønsted acid sites,which facilitate to form carbonium ions on LDPE via *** addition,the suitable band structure of the phosphorylated CeO_(2)catalyst enables efficient photoabsorption and generates reactive oxygen species,leading to the C–C bond cleavage of *** a result,the phosphorylated CeO_(2)catalyst exhibited an outstanding carbon conversion rate of>94%after 48 h of photocatalysis under 50 mW/cm^(2)of simulated sunlight,with a high CO_(2)product selectivity of>99%.Furthermore,the PE microparticles with sizes larger than 10μm released from LDPE plastic wrap were directly and completely degraded by photocatalysis within 12 h,suggesting an attractive and environmentally benign strategy of utilizing solar energy-based photocatalysis for reducing potential hazards of LDPE plastic trashes.

关键词： Photocatalytic cracking Polyethylene Surface phosphorylation Bronsted-acid site Carbon conversion

Portable fluorogenic probe for monitoring of volatile amine vapour and food spoilage

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 257-261页

作者： Jian-Hao Zhao wen-Xing Xu Bin Li Wei Xu Wu-Kun zhang Ming-Shuai Yuan Hui-zi Li Qing-Guo He Xiang Ma Jian-Gong Cheng Yan-Yan Fu State Key Lab of Transducer Technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100039China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

There are urgent needs of volatile amine gas sensors with high-performance in food quality control,disease monitoring and environmental ***-film fluorescent probe is suitable for amine vapour sensing due to its high sensitivity,high selectivity,and no polluting ***,a novel fluorescent probe based on indacenodithiophene structure withπconjugated system was designed and *** experimental results show that the films prepared by this material exhibit rapid and distinct fluorescence quenching after being exposed to saturated vapours of primary amine,secondary amine and tertiary amine represented by n-propylamine,diethylamine and trimethylamine,*** quenching of fluorescence is 84%,87%and 96%,respectively,within 10 *** detection mechanism of probe for primary amine is based on specific chemical reaction,while the detection mechanism for secondary amine and tertiary amine is intramolecular charge *** experiments show that the detection limit of the fluorescent probe for trimethylamine,an important marker of food spoilage,could reach 4.610 ***-site detection based on spoilage of small yellow croaker suggests the material possesses the potential for food freshness *** simple fluorogenic probe is an original approach to simplify real-time visual monitoring of volatile amine vapour.

关键词： Fluorescent probe Volatile amine Gas sensing Trimethylamine Food spoilage

A review on WO_(3)-based composite photocatalysts:synthesis,catalytic mechanism and diversified applications

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3441-3459页

作者： Xue zhang zi-Qi zhang Yan-Dong Sun Xiao-Jia Ma Feng-Xian Jin Fang-Yuan zhang Wei-Guang Han Bo-Xiong Shen Sheng-Qi Guo College of Energy and Environmental Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China Department of Food and Chemical Engineering Liuzhou Institute of TechnologyLiuzhou 545616China

Photocatalysis as an emerging "green" energy conversion technology has attracted domestic and international *** technology uses semiconductor photocatalysts to convert solar energy into directly usable chemical energy,showing great potential for application in environmental pollutant purification and clean energy production,with broad development *** many semiconductor materials,tungsten trioxide(WO_(3)) is favored by researchers in the field of photocatalysis because of its good visible light response and excellent valence band hole oxidation ***,a large number of photocatalysts based on WO_(3),in particular W03-based composite photocatalysts,have been reported,and their applications cover a wide range of *** order to promote the development of WO_(3)-based photocatalysts and provide a reference for colleagues,we present a systematic summary of the applications and research progress of W03-based composites in the field of photocatalysis in recent *** from the structural properties of WO_(3)itself,this article summarizes the preparation methods and structure-activity relationships of WO_(3)-based composite ***,it introduces the current application status of existing WO_(3)-based composite photocatalysts in CO_(2) reduction,hydrogen production,nitrogen fixation,and pollutant ***,the development prospects were analyzed.

关键词： WO_(3)-based composite photocatalysts Intrinsic characteristic Preparation method Reaction mechanism Applications

Analysis of metabolic characteristics of metabolic syndrome in elderly patients with gastric cancer by non-targeted metabolomics

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2419-2428页

作者： Huan zhang wen-Bing Shen Lin Chen Medical School of Chinese PLA Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Shanghai Sixth People’s HospitalShanghai 250063China Department of General Surgery The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China

BACKGROUND The relationship between metabolic syndrome(MetS)and gastric cancer(GC),which is a common metabolic disease,has attracted much ***,the specific metabolic characteristics of MetS in elderly patients with GC remain *** To investigate the differentially abundant metabolites and metabolic pathways between preoperative frailty and MetS in elderly patients with GC based on nontargeted metabolomics *** In this study,125 patients with nonfrail nonmeal GC were selected as the control group,and 50 patients with GC in the frail group were selected as the frail ***-five patients with GC combined with MetS alone were included in the MetS group,and 50 patients with GC combined with MetS were included in the MetS *** metabolomics techniques were used to measure plasma metabolite levels by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass *** statistical analysis was performed by principal component analysis,orthogonal partial least squares,pattern recognition analysis,cluster analysis,and metabolic pathway *** A total of 125 different metabolites,including amino acids,glycerophospholipids,sphingolipids,fatty acids,sugars,nucleosides and nucleotides,and acidic compounds,were identified via nontargeted metabolomics *** with those in the control group,there were 41,32,and 52 different metabolites in the MetS group,the debilitated group,and the combined group,*** metabolites were significantly increased in the MetS *** the weak group,amino acids and most glycerol phospholipid metabolites decreased significantly,and fatty acids and sphingosine increased *** combined group was characterized by significantly increased levels of nucleotide metabolites and acidic *** alanine,aspartic acid,and glutamate metabolic pathways were obviously enriched in the asthenic group,and the glycerol and phospholipid metabolic pathways were obv

关键词： Nervous breakdown Metabolic syndrome Elderly individuals Gastric cancer Nontargeted metabolomics

ALKBH5 suppresses autophagic flux via N6-methyladenosine demethylation of ZKSCAN3 mRNA in acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第12期30卷 1764-1776页

作者： Tao zhang Shuai Zhu Geng-wen Huang Department of General Surgery Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410005HunanChina. National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410005HunanChina.

BACKGROUND Increasing evidence has demonstrated that N6-methyladenosine(m6A)RNA modification plays an essential role in a wide range of pathological *** autophagy is a critical hallmark of acute pancreatitis(AP).AIM To explore the role of the m6A modification of ZKSCAN3 in the regulation of autophagy in *** The AP mouse cell model was established by cerulein-treated mouse pancreatic acinar cells(MPC-83),and the results were confirmed by the levels of amylase and inflammatory *** activity was evaluated by specific identification of the autophagy-related microstructure and the expression of autophagy-related ***3 and ALKBH5 were knocked down to study the function in AP.A m6A RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation assay was used to study how the m6A modification of ZKSCAN3 mRNA is regulated by *** The increased expression of amylase and inflammatory factors in the supernatant and the accumulation of autophagic vacuoles verified that the AP mouse cell model was *** downregulation of LAMP2 and upregulation of LC3-II/I and SQSTM1 demonstrated that autophagy was impaired in *** expression of ZKSCAN3 was upregulated in *** of ZKSCAN3 increased the expression of LAMP2 and decreased the expression of the inflammatory factors,LC3-II/I and ***,ALKBH5 was upregulated in *** of ALKBH5 downregulated ZKSCAN3 expression and restored decreased autophagic flux in ***,the bioinformatic analysis revealed 23 potential m6A modification sites on ZKSCAN3 *** m6A modification of ZKSCAN3 mRNA was significantly decreased in *** of ALKBH5 increased the modification of ZKSCAN3 mRNA,which confirmed that ALKBH5 upregulated ZKSCAN3 expression in a m6A-dependent *** ALKBH5 inhibits autophagic flux through m6A demethylation of ZKSCAN3 mRNA in AP,thereby aggravating the severity of the disease.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Autophagy ZKSCAN3 N6-methyladenosine ALKBH5

Total ionizing dose effect modeling method for CMOS digital-integrated circuit

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 32-46页

作者： Bo Liang Jin-Hui Liu Xiao-Peng zhang Gang Liu wen-Dan Tan Xin-Dan zhang School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China

Simulating the total ionizing dose(TID)of an electrical system using transistor-level models can be difficult and expensive,particularly for digital-integrated circuits(ICs).In this study,a method for modeling TID effects in complementary metaloxide semiconductor(CMOS)digital ICs based on the input/output buffer information specification(IBIS)was *** digital IC was first divided into three parts based on its internal structure:the input buffer,output buffer,and functional *** of these three parts was separately *** the IBIS model,the transistor V-I characteristic curves of the buffers were processed,and the physical parameters were extracted and modeled using *** the functional area,logic functions were modeled in VHDL according to the data sheet.A golden digital IC model was developed by combining the input buffer,output buffer,and functional area ***,the golden ratio was reconstructed based on TID experimental data,enabling the assessment of TID effects on the threshold voltage,carrier mobility,and time series of the digital *** experiments were conducted using a CMOS non-inverting multiplexer,NC7SZ157,and the results were compared with the simulation results,which showed that the relative errors were less than 2%at each dose *** confirms the practicality and accuracy of the proposed modeling *** TID effect model for digital ICs developed using this modeling technique includes both the logical function of the IC and changes in electrical properties and functional degradation impacted by TID,which has potential applications in the design of radiation-hardening tolerance in digital ICs.

关键词： CMOS digital-integrated circuit Total ionizing dose IBIS model Behavior-physical hybrid model Physical parameters

Wafer-level substrate-free YIG single crystal film for a broadband tunable terahertz isolator

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 505-513页

作者： XILAI zhang DAN ZHAO DING zhang QIANG XUE FEI FAN YULONG LIAO QINGHUI YANG QIYE wen School of Electronic Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated DevicesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology Institute of Modern OpticsNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaShenzhen 518110China

Yttrium iron garnet(YIG)is a promising material for various terahertz applications due to its special optical *** present,a high-quality YIG wafer is the desire of terahertz communities and it is still challenging to prepare substrate-free YIG single crystal *** this work,we prepared wafer-level substrate-free La:YIG single crystal films,for the first time,to our *** optical and magneto-optical properties of La:YIG films were characterized by terahertz time domain spectroscopy(THz-TDS).Results show that the as-prepared La:YIG film has an insertion loss of less than 3 dB and a low absorption coefficient of less than10 cm-1below 1.6 *** from the thickness of the substrate-free YIG films and low insertion loss,their terahertz properties could be further manipulated by simply using a wafer-stacking *** four La:YIG films were stacked,there was an insertion loss of less than 10 dB in the range of 0.1-1.2 *** Faraday rotation angle of the four-layer-stacked La:YIG films reached 19°,and the isolation could reach17 *** further increasing the stacking number to eight pieces,a remarkable Faraday rotation angle of45°was achieved with an isolation of 23 dB,which is important for practical application in the THz *** material may provide a milestone opportunity to make various non-reciprocal devices,such as isolators and phase shifters.

关键词： YIG film insertion

Prospect of ultrahigh-resolution fast neutron absorption spectroscopy based on a laser plasma electron accelerator

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 108-115页

作者： wen-Zhao Wang Jie Feng Xiao-Peng zhang Yao-Jun Li Wei-Jun Zhou wen-Chao Yan Guo-Qiang zhang Chang-Bo Fu Li-Ming Chen Key Laboratory of Laser Plasma(MoE) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MoE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Fast neutron absorption spectroscopy is widely used in the study of nuclear structure and element analysis. However,due to the traditional neutron source pulse duration being of the order of nanoseconds, it is difficult to obtain a high-resolution absorption spectrum. Thus, we present a method of ultrahigh energy-resolution absorption spectroscopy via a high repetition rate, picosecond duration pulsed neutron source driven by a terawatt laser. The technology of single neutron count is used, which results in easily distinguishing the width of approximately 20 keV at 2 MeV and an asymmetric shape of the neutron absorption peak. The absorption spectroscopy based on a laser neutron source has one order of magnitude higher energy-resolution power than the state-of-the-art traditional neutron sources, which could be of benefit for precisely measuring nuclear structure data.

关键词： fast neutron absorption spectroscopy laser plasma accelerator photo-nuclear neutrons single neutron count