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Lung microbiome:new insights into the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 652-678页

作者： Ruomeng li jing li Xikun Zhou Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and ManagementWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China

The lungs were long thought to be sterile until technical advances uncovered the presence of the lung microbial *** microbiome of healthy lungs is mainly derived from the upper respiratory tract(URT)microbiome but also has its own characteristic *** selection mechanisms in the lung,including clearance by coughing,pulmonary macrophages,the oscillation of respiratory cilia,and bacterial inhibition by alveolar surfactant,keep the microbiome transient and mobile,which is different from the microbiome in other *** pulmonary bacteriome has been intensively studied recently,but relatively little research has focused on the mycobiome and *** up-to-date review retrospectively summarizes the lung microbiome’s history,composition,and *** focus on the interaction of the lung microbiome with the oropharynx and gut microbiome and emphasize the role it plays in the innate and adaptive immune *** importantly,we focus on multiple respiratory diseases,including asthma,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),fibrosis,bronchiectasis,and *** impact of the lung microbiome on coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and lung cancer has also been comprehensively ***,by summarizing the therapeutic potential of the lung microbiome in lung diseases and examining the shortcomings of the field,we propose an outlook of the direction of lung microbiome research.

关键词： respiratory diseases Lung

Design optimization of a hexapod vibration isolation system for electro-optical payload

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 330-342页

作者： jing li Weipeng li Xiaoyan ZHANG Hai HUANG School of Astronautics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

The electro-optical payloads on mobile platforms generally suffer undesirable vibrations generated by maneuvers and *** vibrations are in six degrees of freedom and cause line-of-sight jitters,resulting in image blurring and loss of tracking *** this paper,a Hexapod Vibration Isolation System(HVIS)is proposed and optimized to solve this *** optimization aims to centralize and minimize the natural frequencies of HVIS,for expanding the vibration isolation bandwidth and improving the vibration isolation in the higher frequency *** that the design space for HVIS is limited and interfered with the frames of the mobile platform,a non-collision algorithm is proposed and applied in the optimization to obtain the feasible optimal *** optimization result shows that the natural frequency bandwidth has been reduced by 42.9%,and the maximum natural frequency is reduced by 30.2%.The prototypes of initial and optimal designs are manufactured and *** simulated and experimental results demonstrate the validity of the optimization,and the optimal design provides a maximum of 15 dB more isolation in rotation direction than the initial design.

关键词： Electro-optical payload Vibrations Isolation system Hexapod Optimization Non-collision design

Antitumor Effect of Apcin on Endometrial Carcinoma via p21-Mediated Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis

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Current Medical Science 2024年第3期44卷 623-632页

作者： Ke NI zi-li li Zhi-yong HU li HONG Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430060China Institute of Reproductive Health Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China

Objective Endometrial carcinoma(EC)is a prevalent gynecological malignancy characterized by increasing incidence and mortality *** underscores the critical need for novel therapeutic *** such potential target is cell division cycle 20(CDC20),which has been implicated in *** study investigated the effect of the CDC20 inhibitor Apcin on EC and elucidated the underlying mechanism *** The effects of Apcin on EC cell proliferation,apoptosis,and the cell cycle were evaluated using CCK8 assays and flow *** sequencing(RNA-seq)was subsequently conducted to explore the underlying molecular mechanism,and Western blotting and coimmunoprecipitation were subsequently performed to validate the *** studies were performed to evaluate the antitumor effects in *** analysis was also conducted to identify CDC20 as a potential therapeutic target in *** Treatment with Apcin inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in EC cells,resulting in cell cycle *** associated with apoptosis and the cell cycle were activated following treatment with ***,Apcin treatment led to the upregulation of the cell cycle regulator p21,which was verified to interact with CDC20 and consequently decrease the expression of downstream cyclins in EC *** vivo experiments confirmed that Apcin treatment significantly impeded tumor *** CDC20 expression was observed in EC tissue than in nonmalignant tissue,and increased CDC20 expression in EC patients was associated with shorter overall survival and progress free *** CDC20 is a novel molecular target in EC,and Apcin could be developed as a candidate antitumor drug for EC treatment.

关键词： endometrial carcinoma CDC20 apoptosis cell cycle arrest p21 BBC3

Micro segment analysis of supercritical methane thermal-hydraulic performance and pseudo-boiling in a PCHE straight channel

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1275-1289页

作者： Qian li zi-Jie lin liu Yang Yue Wang Yue li Wei-Hua Cai Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Nuclear Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin132000JilinChina School of Energy and Power Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin132000JilinChina

The printed circuit heat exchanger(PCHE) is receiving wide attention as a new kind of compact heat exchanger and is considered as a promising vaporizer in the LNG process. In this paper, a PCHE straight channel in the length of 500 mm is established, with a semicircular cross section in a diameter of 1.2 *** simulation is employed to investigate the flow and heat transfer performance of supercritical methane in the channel. The pseudo-boiling theory is adopted and the liquid-like, two-phase-like, and vapor-like regimes are divided for supercritical methane to analyze the heat transfer and flow *** results are presented in micro segment to show the local convective heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop. It shows that the convective heat transfer coefficient in segments along the channel has a significant peak feature near the pseudo-critical point and a heat transfer deterioration when the average fluid temperature in the segment is higher than the pseudo-critical point. The reason is explained with the generation of vapor-like film near the channel wall that the peak feature related to a nucleateboiling-like state and heat transfer deterioration related to a film-boiling-like state. The effects of parameters, including mass flow rate, pressure, and wall heat flux on flow and heat transfer were *** calculating of the averaged heat transfer coefficient of the whole channel, the traditional method shows significant deviation and the micro segment weighted average method is adopted. The pressure drop can mainly be affected by the mass flux and pressure and little affected by the wall heat flux. The peak of the convective heat transfer coefficient can only form at high mass flux, low wall heat flux, and near critical pressure, in which condition the nucleate-boiling-like state is easier to appear. Moreover,heat transfer deterioration will always appear, since the supercritical flow will finally develop into a filmboiling-like state. So hea

关键词： Printed circuit heat exchanger Vaporization Supercritical methane Pseudo-boiling Micro segment analysis

Enhancing force sensing in a squeezed optomechanical system with quantum nondemolition measurement

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第1期76卷 49-60页

作者： Shi-Lei Chao zi-Hao li Xin-You Lü School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology430074 WuhanChina

A theoretical scheme is proposed to enhance the sensitivity of force sensors with quantum nondemolition measurement(QND)in an optomechanical setup assisted by four-tone optical driving and an optical parametric amplifier(OPA).With the help of special drive,the system can be simplified as the typical type of QND for force sensing,so that the backaction noise can be evaded to surpass the standard quantum ***,the added noise can be suppressed owing to the modified optical susceptibility resulting from the *** introducing two oscillators coupling with two charged bodies respectively,the signal can be enhanced with the nonlinearity caused by Coulomb interaction,while the noise presents an exponential ***,considering the homodyne detection effect,the range of system parameters and frequency bands will be *** present investigation may provide a route toward simultaneously evading backaction noise,reducing the mechanical thermal noise,and enhancing the external signal,which can be an alternative design for sensitive devices.

关键词： force sensing optical parametric amplifier quantum non-demolition measurement optomechanical system

Artificial intelligence in individualized retinal disease management

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1519-1530页

作者： zi-Ran Zhang Jia-Jun li Ke-Ran li The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029Jiangsu ProvinceChina Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029Jiangsu ProvinceChina

Owing to the rapid development of modern computer technologies,artificial intelligence(AI)has emerged as an essential instrument for intelligent analysis across a range of *** has been proven to be highly effective in ophthalmology,where it is frequently used for identifying,diagnosing,and typing retinal *** increasing number of researchers have begun to comprehensively map patients’retinal diseases using AI,which has made individualized clinical prediction and treatment *** include prognostic improvement,risk prediction,progression assessment,and interventional therapies for retinal *** have used a range of input data methods to increase the accuracy and dependability of the results,including the use of tabular,textual,or image-based input *** also combined the analyses of multiple types of input *** give ophthalmologists access to precise,individualized,and high-quality treatment strategies that will further optimize treatment outcomes,this review summarizes the latest findings in AI research related to the prediction and guidance of clinical diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases.

关键词： artificial intelligence artificial intelligence in ophthalmology retinal disease

Solidification crack characteristics and sensitivity of peritectic steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第7期31卷 1668-1679页

作者： Ya-qiang li Jian-hua liu zi-ming Wang Ying-ying li Yang He Xiao-wei li Department of Automotive Engineering Hebei Vocational University of Technology and EngineeringXingtai 054000HebeiChina Hebei Special Vehicle Modification Technology Innovation Center Hebei Vocational University of Technology and EngineeringXingtai 054000HebeiChina Institute of Engineering Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164JiangsuChina

The characteristics and sensitivity of solidification cracks in peritectic steels were investigated using directional solidifi-cation *** cracks were observed in both hypoperitectic steels(12CrlMoV,15CrMo)and hyper-peritectic steel(20CrMo)during solidification at growth velocities of 15,50,and 80 pm/*** the dendritic boundaries,sulphide precipitates were found,promoting crack *** on the statistical analysis of interdendritic cracks in peritectic steels,the area ratio(RA)of interdendritic cracks in a directional solidification structure was proposed to evaluate the crack sensitivity of peritectic ***,the crack sensitivities of peritectic steels(12CrlMoV,15CrMo,and 20CrMo)were tested,evaluated,and compared with the surface crack rates of three types of steels produced from a steel *** results demonstrated that RA was in good agreement with that of the steel plant,and the crack sensitivity of 12CrlMoV steel was the strongest,followed by that of 15CrMo and 20CrMo ***,RA can be used to evaluate the crack sensitivity of peritectic steel.

关键词： Peritectic steel-Directional solidification Growth velocity Dendritic structure Solidification crack Crack sensitivity

Room-temperature ferrimagnetism and size-modulated electronic structures in two-dimensional cluster-based metal-organic frameworks

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1334-1340页

作者： jing Cheng Xingxing li Jinlong Yang Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China

Cluster-assembled materials have attracted particular attention for their complex hierarchical structures and unique ***,the majority of cluster-based assemblies developed so far are either non-magnetic or only exhibit magnetic ordering with a relatively low Curie temperature,limiting their applications in ***,two-dimensional(2D)cluster-assembled materials with room-temperature magnetism remain highly *** this purpose,based on first principles calculations,we design a series of thermodynamically stable 2D cluster-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)Fe_(n)-(pyz)(n=1-6)by utilizing Fenmetal clusters as nodes and nitrogen-containing pyrazine ligands as organic *** 2D cluster-based MOFs exhibit robust ferrimagnetic ordering due to the strong d-p direct exchange interaction between d-electron spin of Fe_(n)(n=1-6)clusters and charge transfer-induced p-electron spin of pyrazine *** particular,the ferrimagnetic Curie temperatures are well above room temperature(up to 836 K).Additionally,altering the size of Fe_(n)clusters in Fe_(n)-(pyz)(n=1-6)MOFs results in diverse functional spintronic properties,including bipolar magnetic semiconductors,half semiconductors and Dirac half ***,these 2D assembled MOFs possess sizable magnetic anisotropy energies,up to 9.16 me V per formula.

关键词： metal-organic framework two-dimensional material half metal bipolar magnetic semiconductor magnet

Transition metal clusters with precise numbers of atoms anchored on graphdiyne as multifunctional electrocatalysts for OER/ORR/HER:a computational study

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3107-3117页

作者： Xin-Yang liu jing-Wei liu Gang li jing-Xiang Zhao College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Normal UniversityHarbin 150025China

Subnanometer metal clusters play an increasingly important role in heterogeneous catalysis due to their high catalytic activity and *** this work,by means of the density functional theory(DFT) calculations,the catalytic activities of transition metal clusters with precise numbers of atoms supported on graphdiyne(TM_(1-4)@GDY,TM=V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Ru,Rh,Pd,Ir,Pt) were investigated for oxygen evolution reactions(OER),oxygen reduction reactions(ORR) and hydrogen evolution reactions(HER).The computed results reveal that the Pd_(2),Pd_(4) and Pt_(1) anchored graphdiyne can serve as trifunctional catalysts for OER/ORR/HER with the overpotentials of 0.49/0.37/0.06,0.45/0.33/0.12 and 0.37/0.43/0.01 V,respectively,while Pd_(1) and Pt_(2)@graphdiyne can exhibit excellent catalytic performance for water splitting(OER/HER) with the overpotentials of 0.55/0.17 and 0.43/0.03 *** addition,Ni_(1) and Pd_(3) anchored GDY can perform as bifunctional catalysts for metal-air cells(OER/ORR) and fuels cells(ORR/HER) with the overpotentials of 0.34/0.32 and 0.42/0.04 V,***,by precisely controlling the numbers of atoms in clusters,the TM_(1-4) anchored graphdiyne can serve as promising multifunctional electrocatalysts for OER/ORR/HER,which may provide an instructive strategy to design catalysts for the energy conversation and storage devices.

关键词： Density functional theory Graphdiyne Single-cluster catalysts Multifunctional electrocatalysts Overpotential